PRESENTERS: KIBET J. NELLY MAGAI N. DORCAS

BACHELOR OF ARTS- PSYCHOLOGY

DISASTER?

A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses.

These loses exceed the capacity of the affected community, or society, to cope using its own resources; without expecting any external assistance.

NATURAL DISASTERS

Earthquake Drought

Floods Tornado

MAN-MADE DISASTERS

STRIKES ACCIDENTS

AIR-CRAFT CRASH

DOES KENYA EXPERIENCE DISASTERS?

FLOODS FOREST FIRES

DROUGHT

MINE EXPLOSIONS

ROAD ACCIDENT

MAN-MADE DISASTERS IN KENYA

COLLAPSED BUILDING

COMMUNAL VIOLENCE

CURRENT STATISTICS ON DISASTERS IN KENYA

YEAR DISASTER TYPE

REGION/AREA COVERAGE

AFFECTED/CASUALTIES

Jan 2008 Post Election Violence

Rift valley, Western Nyanza Central

1,339 Deaths Over 350,000 People displaced Business and Property of colossal value destroyed

October 2008

Floods Budalangi, WestPokot, Trans-nzoia, Lower Tana River

Over 5000 people displaced 16 killed by flash floods Property destroyed

Feb 2009 Fires Sachangwan Over 150 people lost their lives Property destroyed Psychological Trauma

STATISTICS ON DISASTERS IN KENYA

YEAR DISASTER TYPE

REGION/AREA COVERAGE

AFFECTED/CASUALTIES

June 2011 Explosion Nairobi downtown area

2 Deaths Over 28 People injured Property destroyed

March 2010 Landslides Bududa, Mt. Elgon Over 300 people feared buried Property destroyed

By December 2010

Road accidents

Whole country Over 3000 people lost their lives Physical disabilities & injuries Psychological Trauma

Miyagi earthquake Fukushima nuclear explosion

EFFECTS OF DISASTER

LOSS OF LIVES DESTRUCTION OF

INFRASTRUCTURE

DESTRUCTION OF ASSETS

LOSS OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES

Psychological trauma & distress

Disasters interrupt both health and socio-economic networks of individuals and countries.

Any disaster can interrupt essential services, hence, the need for disaster management.

Physical injury

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Disaster management

06/06/2013 Disaster management 18

Refers to the management and organization of resources and responsibilities meant to deal with humanitarian aspects of emergencies, including mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery so as to reduce the impact of disaster.

Goals of disaster management

06/06/2013 Disaster management 19

Reduce, or avoid, losses from hazards; .

Assure prompt assistance to victims;

Achieve rapid and effective recovery

Disaster management cycle

06/06/2013 Disaster management 20

MITIGATION NON-STRUCTURAL MEASURES

INSURANCE COVER LEGISLATION

STRUCTURAL MEASURES

TREE-PLANTING

PROPER LAND- USE RETRO-FITTING

THE MITIGATION PROCESS

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Hazard, risk and vulnerability assessment,

Response mechanisms and strategies

Preparedness plans & Coordination

Information management

Resource mobilization

Early warning systems,

Public education training and rehearsals

Community based disaster preparedness.

DISASTER RESPONSE Involves minimizing the number of hazards caused by the

disaster.

Aim

To ensure survival of the highest number of victims possible in the best health,

To re-establish the self-sufficient and essential services as quickly as possible for all populations,

To restore damaged infrastructure and regenerate viable economic activities.

In a situation of a civil war, the aim is to protect and assist civilian population.

DISASTER RESPONSE ACTIVITIES Evacuation

Search & Rescue

Logistic & Supply Communication & Coordination

DISASTER RECOVERY SHORT-TERM MEASURE LONG-TERM MEASURE

Counseling of Victims Provision of Basic Needs

…continue

Disaster recovery plans has seven steps:

gathering of basic information,

organization,

mobilizing resources ,

administration,

regulation,

coordination of activities and

evaluating recovery.

KENYA’S DISASTER MANAGEMENT • Natural Disaster Operation Centre

• Kenya Red Cross

• Kenya Psychological and Counseling Associations

• Hospitals along the highway

• Ministry of forestry

• Ministry of irrigation

Inadequate finances, human resources and equipment,

Inadequate integration and co-ordination,

Inadequate Regional and International linkages,

Inadequate policy, legal and institutional frameworks,

Weak disaster management capabilities within communities and institutions.

Inadequate information and data,

CHALLENGES FACING KENYA TOWARDS DISASTER MANAGEMENT

LESSONS KENYA CAN LEARN ABOUT DISASTER MANAGEMENT FROM JAPAN

Japan’s scientific and technological advances in risk

assessment and disaster mitigation could be used to bridge knowledge gaps and

strengthen Kenyan’s disaster management system.

Mainstreaming of climate change issues and disaster

management into the development planning process

of developing Kenya.

Improvement in community preparedness through the

involvement of schools, voluntary organisations, media and other

stakeholders in disaster mitigation and risk reduction trainings and

capacity building programs. Enhancing the scope of

collaboration between Kenyan and Japanese scientists, which could

strengthen research and development on disaster mitigation

and prevention, and the new knowledge generated could be of benefit to Japan, Kenya and other

countries.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT

Manageable vulnerability

Reduced hazard impact

Controlled development and hazard mitigation

Sustainable development

EFFECTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT

DISASTER MANAGEMENT FOR A HAPPY WORLD

…THANK YOU