Presented to the 9th European Interparliamentary Space Conference

byDr. Bill BarryNASA European RepresentativeOctober 9, 2007

Presented to the 9th European Interparliamentary Space Conference

byDr. Bill BarryNASA European RepresentativeOctober 9, 2007

International Cooperation in Space International Cooperation in Space

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Recent Activities – The Hubble Space Telescope

Galactic Nebula NGC3603

Hubble Space Telescope being used to study star formation in the nebula

This investigation being led by Dr. Jesús Maíz Apellániz, of Spain

ESA provided the Faint Object Camera, the first set of solar arrays, and a team of scientists and engineers for Hubble

These contributions have entitled European astronomers to 15% of the observation time available on Hubble

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Recent Activities – Venus

NASA’s Messenger probe – has flown by Venus twice on the way to Mercury

April 2006 and June 2007 flybys coordinated with ESA Venus Express spacecraft

Enabled multi-point observations of the same parts of the Venusian atmosphere by different instruments over a period of 12 hours

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Recent Activities - Mars

Robotic activity abounds at Mars

Mars Exploration Rovers on surface

In Orbit– Mars Odyssey (NASA)

– Mars Express (ESA)

– Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (NASA)

More on the way

NASA-ESA use each other’s orbiters for data relay backup

ESA Mars Express uses NASA Deep Space Network for communications with Earth during parts of the mission.

Scientists participate as co-investigators.

Duck Bay, as seen by Opportunity 28 September 2007

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Cassini-Huygens at Saturn

A NASA-European Space Agency (ESA)-Italian Space Agency (ASI) Mission– The largest interplanetary spacecraft ever built

The ESA Huygens probe landed on Titan, largest moon of Saturn, 14 January 2005– This European craft was the first probe to land on

a body in the outer solar system

International science teams still working with the rich flow of information from this joint mission

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International Space Station

Structural backbone of ISS nearly completed on recent Structural backbone of ISS nearly completed on recent Space Shuttle missionsSpace Shuttle missions

Node 2 (built in Italy) to be launched this monthNode 2 (built in Italy) to be launched this month

ESA Columbus Module scheduled to be launched in ESA Columbus Module scheduled to be launched in DecemberDecember

Japanese Kibo Module to be launched early next yearJapanese Kibo Module to be launched early next year

Target doubling crew size to six in mid-2009Target doubling crew size to six in mid-2009

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Why does NASA undertake International Cooperation?

The National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 directs NASA to conduct its activities so as to:

“Contribute materially to cooperation by the United States with other nations and groups of nations…...”

The Vision for U.S. Space Exploration – 14 January 2004

“We’ll invite other nations to share the challenges and opportunities of this new era of discovery. The vision I outline today is a journey, not a race, and I call on other nations to join us on this journey, in a spirit of cooperation and friendship.”

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International Cooperation: Historical

Since its creation in 1958, international cooperation:– Has been a cornerstone of NASA’s activities

– Includes over 4,000 agreements with over 100 nations

In last 10 years:

– 900+ agreements with organizations from 68 countries

– 10 partners account for 75% (ESA, Japan, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, Russia, Australia, and Brazil)

– Cooperation through a variety of mechanisms

– Cooperation normally involves “no-exchange-of-funds”

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Global Reach: Current International Cooperation at NASA

Russia (7)Europe (143)ESA (18)France (27)Germany (20)Italy (8)UK (15)19 Other CountriesAnd Organizations (55)

South and South EastAsia (9)India (3)Thailand (3)3 Other Countries (3)

Australia, KiribatiNew Zealand (8)

East Asia (10)China (1)Mongolia (1)Republic of Korea (6)Taiwan (2)

Canada (10)

Africa and the Middle East (19)Israel (3)South Africa (4) 7 Other Countries (12)

Central and South America (27)Argentina (3)Bolivia (4)Brazil (6)Chile (4)Costa Rica (4)6 Other Countries (6)

(#) = Active agreements with international partnerGrand total = 258, with 110 Earth science-related

Japan (24)

UN (1)

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The Vision For U.S. Space Exploration

Goal: To advance U.S. scientific, security and economic interests through a robust human and robotic space exploration program

Bipartisan political support – Incorporated into NASA Authorization Act of 2005

Vision permeates every aspect of NASA operations and planning

Global Exploration Strategy Conferences – held April & Dec 2006– 14 Space Agencies agreed to release “The Global Exploration Strategy:

The Framework for Coordination” in May 2007

– Identified the need for a voluntary, non-binding international mechanism to share information with the goal of strengthening individual and collective efforts in space exploration

Global Exploration Strategy Team meets next month in Berlin

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NASA’s Exploration Roadmap

05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Lunar Lander Development Lunar Lander Development

Lunar Heavy Launch DevelopmentLunar Heavy Launch Development

Earth Departure Stage DevelopmentEarth Departure Stage Development

Surface Systems DevelopmentSurface Systems Development

CEV DevelopmentCEV Development

Crew Launch DevelopmentCrew Launch Development

Commercial Crew/Cargo for ISSCommercial Crew/Cargo for ISSCommercial Crew/Cargo for ISSCommercial Crew/Cargo for ISS

Space Shuttle Ops

Lunar Outpost BuildupInitial CEV Capability

CEV Production and Operations CEV Production and Operations

Lunar Robotic Missions

Science Robotic Missions Mars Expedition Design

1st Human CEV Flight

7th Human Lunar Landing

Early Design Activity

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International Cooperation: Current and Future

International cooperation will remain a hallmark of NASA’s activities

NASA anticipates significant opportunities for international participation in the Vision for U.S. Space Exploration

– NASA teams currently briefing interested agencies on outcomes of our recently completed Lunar Architecture Team study

NASA Administrator Mike Griffin on November 1, 2005:

“The United States, working alone, cannot fulfill the sweeping goals of the Vision for Space Exploration. We must maintain the strong international partnerships that have been built during the Space Station era, and must extend those partnerships even more broadly, to enable a robust human space exploration program.”