Thomas I. Palley, America's Exhausted Paradigm: Macroeconomic ...
Présentations Powerpoint It is believed that 40-50 years down the line, all fossils fuel will be...
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Transcript of Présentations Powerpoint It is believed that 40-50 years down the line, all fossils fuel will be...
![Page 1: Présentations Powerpoint It is believed that 40-50 years down the line, all fossils fuel will be exhausted from earth. No fuel will be left for our new.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56649d6f5503460f94a50c61/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Présentations Powerpoint
It is believed that 40-50 years down the line, all fossils fuel will be exhausted from earth. No fuel will be left for our new generations.
Therefore, lets save fuel by now for future generation by changing our driving habits and adopting Eco/Technical Driving, which can save fuel :
1. Avoid excessive braking, clutching and accelerating
2. Don’t use accelerator pedal like a fuel pump
3. Don’t press the accelerator pedal more than a 70% of its throttle
Septembre 2007
1
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Présentations Powerpoint
TECHNICAL /ECO DRIVING
Septembre 2007
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Présentations PowerpointSeptembre 2007
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Technical Driving / Introduction
Experience show that amongst various driving styles, one of them, known as “technical driving”, leads to huge energy, parts and emissions savings.
Introduction
Accordingly, specific training sessions may help in getting such a style.
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Présentations PowerpointSeptembre 2007
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Technical Driving / Introduction
The following table gives, for instance, some results logged through training sessions in Some Mexican transport companies:
* South American companies use to manage energy consumption with an energy efficiency approach through km/l
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Technical Driving / Introduction
Training session methodology The training methodology is implemented over three steps: Step 1. Free driving exercise
During this step, trainees drive as they use to do it and some specific measurements are done (trip duration, fuel consumption, number of clutch & brakes uses, etc.).
Step 2. Practical and theoretical course
During this step, individual comments are brought on the free driving exercise and in door contents are provided.
Step 3. Technical driving exercise
During this step, trainees drive according to concepts given during the course and the same measurement are done before comparison.
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Technical Driving / Objectives
At the end of the session,participants will be able to:
Describe possible actions to reduce vehicle fuel consumption
Identify other actions to reduce vehicle fuel consumption
Describe impacts on air quality
Have a technical driving attitude
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Technical Driving / Content
Course content
The engine and actions before driving
The cinematic chain and actions before driving
Technical driving
Energy losses
Main topics regarding transport air pollution
Other options to reduce fuel consumption and air pollution
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Technical Driving / Content
1. The engine and actions before driving
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Technical Driving / Content
Aspiration Compression Explosion Escape
1. The engine and actions before driving
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Technical Driving / Content
1. The engine and actions before driving
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Technical Driving / Content
1. The engine and actions before driving
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Technical Driving / Content
2. The cinematic chain and actions before driving
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Technical Driving / Content
3. Energy losses
100
20
2060
40
20
30
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving
Forces applied to vehicles
Aerodynamic force
Rolling force
Slope force
Inertia force
Power required and engine available Power
Driving style
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Forces applied to vehicles
F1 = ½ ρ.Cx.S.V²
Aerodynamic force
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Forces applied to vehicles
F2 = K.m.g
Rolling force
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Forces applied to vehicles
Slope force
Θ (
F3 = m.g.sin θ
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Forces applied to vehicles
F4 = m.γ.i
Inertia force
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Technical Driving / Content
Power is required to face all these forces.
4. Technical driving Power required and engine available power
The required power is given through the following formula:
Power = Sum of forces x Speed
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Power required and engine available power
The available power is managed by the driver through the engine and the cinematic chain.
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Power required and engine available power
IMPOSSIBLE TO DRIVE PROPERLY
WITHOUT KNOWING THESE
CURVES
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Power required and engine available power
Speed
Available power
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Driving style
The driving style is deduced from all the previous items.
Topic 1. “Green range”
Topic 2. “Plume foot”
Topic 3. “Cut peaks”
Topic 4. “Engine start and stop”
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Driving style / “Green range” (engine)
Fuel Consumption
Consumption
Acceleration
Rpm
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving
DIAGRAMA DE VELOCIDADES
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200
RPM
KM
/H
Speed Diagram
NONO
Mechanicalfailure YES
Driving style / “Green range” (cinematic chain)
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Driving style / “Green range” (cinematic chain)
2.1.1000
..60
RR
cnV
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Driving style / “Plume foot”
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Driving style / “Cut peaks”
FUEL CONSUMPTION DECREASE (-34%)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0 9 12 21 24 33 36 45 48 57 60
Temps de parcours
(km/h)
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Technical Driving / Content
4. Technical driving Driving style / “Engine start and stop”
Engine start:Launch the engine, without clutch, and ride smoothly during few kilometers (water at 70°/80°).
Engine stop:Wait few seconds, without acceleration (in particular if there is a turbo).
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Technical Driving / Content
5. Main topics regarding transport air pollution
NOx Emissions / Diesel Private Car
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Technical Driving / Content
6. Recent developments regarding air pollution
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Technical Driving / Content
6. Recent developments regarding air pollution
GPL (Petrol Liquid gas)
GNC (Compressed Natural gas)
Electric (Pure / Hybrid / Fuel Cell)
Bio Fuels (Vegetal Oil / Alcohol)
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Présentations Powerpoint
TASHI DELEK
Septembre 2007
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