FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY AND THE TAH-BSO PROCEDUREJeff Buttram

Presentation 10

BIO 120 - Medical Terminology

TOTAL ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY-BILATERAL SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY

TAH-BSO

 the removal of entire uterus including the cervix as well as fallopian tubes and ovaries using an incision in the abdomen.

 2 parts of the anatomy discussed in this presentation that are removed during this procedure are the fallopian tubes and the endometrium.

FALLOPIAN TUBES

FALLOPIAN TUBES

 transport eggs (ova) from the ovary to the uterus.

 lined with cilated epithelia (hair-like structures) to assist in movement of eggs.

 bilateral - occur on both left and right side of uterus.

 also known as oviducts, uterine tubes, or salpinges.

FALLOPIAN TUBES

FALLOPIAN TUBES

 allow ova or eggs to travel to a place in the tubes (via the cilia) during ovulation that allow sperm to "fertilize" the egg.

 once the egg is fertilized the egg becomes an embryo.

 the cilia guide the embryo to the uterus where it is implanted into the wall of the uterus.

 process can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days.

ENDOMETRIUM

ENDOMETRIUM

 inner lining of uterus with a rich blood supply.

 hormonal changes approximately every 28 days leads to menstruation.

 menstruation is the loss of blood and tissue as endometrium is shed by the uterus.

 shedding of tissue does not take place during pregnancy or after menopause.

ENDOMETRIUM

ENDOMETRIAL PATHOLOGIES

 endometriosis - the growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus.

 adenomyosis - growth of endometrium into muscle layer of uterus (myometrium).

 endometrial cancer - most common form of cancer in female genital tract.

 Asherman's syndrome - basal layer of endometrium is damaged by a surgical instrument or infection. Can lead to sclerosis (hardening) of the uterine wall in the form of adhesions .

ENDOMETRIAL PATHOLOGIES

* Patient with endometriosis displaying growths in ovarian wall.

* Asherman's syndrome creates adhesions on uterine wall in a band-like formation.

TOTAL ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY-BILATERAL SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY (TAH-BSO)

TAH-BSO

 removal of the entire uterus, cervix, both ovaries, and both fallopian tubes.

TAH-BSO COMPONENTS

Total Abdominal Hysterectomy-Bilateral Salpingo-Oopherectomy

 hysterectomy - surgical removal of the uterus.A total hysterectomy refers to removal of both the uterine body and the cervix.

 salpingo - refers to the fallopian tubes which connect the ovaries to the uterus. Bilateral refers to the removal of both the left and right fallopian tube.

 oophorectomy - surgical removal of the ovaries.

* AREA  REMOVED DURING TOTAL ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY-BILATERAL SALPINGO-

OOPHERECTOMY

WHO GETS A TAH-BSO?

 those with cancer of the female reproductive tract or those with severe pelvic pain from pathologies such as endometriosis or adendomyosis.

 those with severe postpartum obstetrical (pertaining to branch of medicine treating women during pregnancy and childbirth) hemorrhage * this is a last resort.

 transexuals undergoing female-to-male (FTM) sexual reassigment as means to halt female hormone production.

* POST-OP SPECIMEN FOLLOWING TAH-BSO PROCEDURE. THE RIGHT OVARY (ON LEFT OF

PICTURE) HAS BEEN REPLACED BY AN AGGRESSIVE TUMOR.

RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH TAH-BSO

 loss of bladder function (incontinence).

 estrogen levels drop once ovaries are removed.

 loss of estrogen removes natural protective mechanisms it provides for the cardiovascular and skeletal system.

 increased risk for cardiovascular diseases such as artheroscelerosis (due to estrogen loss).

 increased risk for osteoporosis.