Siddhivinayak Technical CampusSchool of Polytechnic & Research Technology,

Khamgaon

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BYMR. SHRICHANDRA R.

JOSHI

GUIDED BYPROF. P. B. GAJGHANE

A Seminar onTRANSONIC COMBUSTION

(A NOVEL INJECTION-IGNITION SYSTEM)

CONTENT INTRODUCTION TRANSONIC COMBUSTION TRANSONIC ENGINE PRINCIPLE SUPERCRITICAL FUEL AND INJECTION SYSTEM THE COMPARISON OF LIQUID AND

SUPERCRITICAL FUEL COMMON RAIL SYSTEM ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS CONCLUSION FUTURE SCOPE REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

A new combustion process has been developed by Transonic

Combustion Inc. named company in California in October 2010. It

is based on the patented concept of injection-ignition known as

Transonic Combustion or TSCiTM. This combustion process is based

on the direct injection of fuel into the cylinder as a supercritical

fluid. Spark ignition gasoline engine efficiency is limited by a

number of factors; these include the pumping losses that result from

throttling, and the slow burning rates that result in poor combustion

phasing and a compression ratio limited by detonation of fuel.

TRANSONIC COMBUSTION

Transonic combustion technology brings together the injection and

ignition process to become injection-ignition system. In this system

the nature of the working fluid reduces heat loss to the surrounding

surfaces, resulting in further efficiency improvements.Transonic

combustion may have “transformational” technology-one that can

achieve double efficiency compared to current gasoline powered

vehicles in urban driving. Eliminating of droplet burning and

increasing combustion stability of processes taken out in an engine

is the main purpose of designing such a type of system.

TRANSONIC ENGINE PRINCIPLE

Transonic engine is based on the principle of the fuel injection.

In transonic engine ignition system is removed and redesigned the

fuel injection. Transonic’s patented product is its TSCi™ fuel

injection system that utilizes supercritical fuel, enabling significant

improvements in fuel consumption by employing supercritical fuel in

automotive powertrains. The short combustion delay angles allow for

the injection timing to be such that the ignition and combustion

events take place after TDC. This late injection timing results to

provide ease of combustion.

A supercritical fluid is any substance

at a temperature and pressure above

its critical point, where distinct liquid

and gas phases do not exist. It can

effuse through solids like a gas, and

dissolve materials like a liquid.

Multiple ignition sites and rapid

combustion rates of heat release and

high cycle

efficiency. Supercritical fuel

combine to result in high

SUPERCRITICAL FUEL

achieves rapid mixing with the contents of the cylinder and after a

short delay period spontaneous ignition occurs at multiple locations.

THE COMPARISON OF LIQUID FUEL AND

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID

Throughout the history of internal combustion engine, engineers have boosted cylinder

compression to extract more mechanical energy from a given fuel-air charge. The extra

pressure enhances the mixing and vaporization of the injected droplets before burning.

TRANSONIC COMBUSTION STROKES INSIDE THE CYLINDER

Transonic combustion’s unique feature is that it injects fuel in a

different manner. Fuel is raised to a supercritical state and injected

during the combustion process with more precise timing. It means that

the transonic’s process uses substantially less fuel than conventional

systems.

THE TRANSONIC COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY BY COMMON RAIL SYSTEM

Taking Aim at Gas Guzzlers :

When people think about reducing gasoline consumption, alternative-fuel and

hybrid cars usually come to mind. A superefficient fuel injector designed to

integrate easily into conventional cars. Unlike standard fuel injectors, the TSCi

injector pressurizes and heats gasoline to 400 degrees Celsius, bringing it to a

supercritical state that is partway between liquid and gas. When the substance

enters the combustion chamber, it combusts without a spark and mixes with air

quickly, allowing it to burn more efficiently than the liquid droplets produced by

standard injectors. A Transonic test car the size and weight of a Toyota Prius

achieved 64 miles per gallon at highway speeds, compared with the 48 mpg

highway rating on the Prius. Transonic is working with three major automakers

and expects the first TSCi-equipped vehicles to hit the market in 2016. Multi Tasker :

Transonic is testing its 10.5-inch-long injector with ethanol, biodiesel, and

vegetable oil, in addition to gasoline.

ADVANTAGES Perfect combustion of fuel.

Pollution is reduced to a greater extent because of perfect combustion.

Knocking is eliminated.

Engine life is increased.

Improved fuel efficiency.

Multi-fuel compatible.

Economical OEM Powertrain integration.

Global automotive industrial sustainability.

Energy independence.

About 50 % increase in efficiency.

Might be Costly. Extraction of supercritical fluid is may be difficult. Needs regular maintenance. If ECU goes wrong somehow efficiency affects.

DISADVANTAGES

Can be used instead of using diesel and gasoline engines to lower the fuel consumption,

increase the efficiency and reduce the emission losses.

More beneficial in higher dense population metro cities like Los Angels, Delhi,

Shanghai, Mumbai, New York etc. where pollution by vehicles is one of the major

problems.

As the fuel consumption is reduced by 50% it could be affordable to use it in all types

of automotive vehicles working on IC engine.

It would be the revolutionary change if this technology is successfully implemented in

the automotive vehicles engines. It would save the transport economy, help to control the

pollution caused by emission and also save the fossil fuels which are draining rapidly

from earth’s crust day by day.

APPLICATION

CONCLUSION

By eliminating the ignition system and introducing a completely

redesigned fuel injection system, TSCi (Injector-Ignition) realize a 50%

increase in efficiency. With the influence of supercritical fluid enhances a

complete combustion and there by increases engine efficiency and reduces

the emissions.

If it works as promised, the transonic combustion engine technology would

improve fuel economy by far more than other options, some of which can

improve efficiency on the order of 20 percent. It is expected to cost about

as much as high end fuel injection systems currently on the market.

‘De. Boer’. "Transonic Combustion - A Novel Injection-Ignition System for Improved Gasoline Engine Efficiency," SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-2110, 2010;

‘Dixon D. J.’ and ‘K.P. Johnston’ "Transonic Combustion," In Encyclopedia of Separation Technology; 2011-2014

‘Botany Susana’. Preface. “The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 45”.12 June 2008133.27

https://www.technologyreview.com/s/414683/supercritical-fuel-injection/August-2009

Injectordynamics.com/articles/fuel-pressure-explained/

REFERENCES

THANK YOU