Presentation on operation scheduling

Operational Management

Operation Scheduling

© Kamal Subedi, 2016

Contents

Concept of scheduling

Objectives of scheduling

Issues and types of scheduling


What is scheduling?

Scheduling can be defined as “prescribing of when

and where each operation necessary to manufacture

the products is to be performed.

It is also defined as “ establishing of time at which to

begin and complete each event or operation

comprising a procedure”.

The principle aim of the scheduling is to plan the

sequence of work so that the production can be

systematically arranged toward the end of completion

of all products by due date.


How the function of scheduling differs?

Process Industries

Mass Production

Projects

Batch or Job shop Production


Objectives of Scheduling

Meet due date

Minimize WIP inventory;

Minimize the average flow time through the systems

Provide for high machine/worker (time) utilization

(minimization of ideal time);

Reduce set up cost

Minimize production and worker costs


Scheduling issues

Scheduling deals with the timing of operations.

Hospital Operating room use

Patient admissions

Nursing, security, maintenance staffs

Out patient treatments

College Classrooms and audiovisual equipment's

Students and instructor schedule

Graduate and under graduate students

Manufacture Production of goods

Purchase of goods

Workers


Scheduling issues

Restaurant

Chef waiters, bartenders

Delivery of fresh food

Opening of dining areas

Air lines

Maintenance of aircraft

Departure timetables

flight crews, catering, gate, and ticketing personnel


Types of scheduling

Forward Scheduling

Backward Scheduling


Forward Scheduling

With forward scheduling, processing starts

immediately when a job is received, regardless of its

due date.

Forward scheduling is commonly is used in job shops

where customers place their orders on “ needed as

soon as possible basis”.

Each job activity is scheduled for completion as soon

as possible, which allows you to determine the job’s

earliest possible completion date.


The job is due at the end of week 10, but it can be finished as early as the

end of week 7. With forward scheduling, it is not unusual for jobs to be

finished before their due date. The disadvantage to finishing a job early is

that it causes an inventory buildup if items are not delivered before the

due date.

Contd..


Backward Scheduling

With backward scheduling, you begin schedulingthe job’s last activity so that the job is finished righton the due date.

It is often used in assembly type industries andcommit in advance to specific delivery dates.

It is the process of assigning the start and finishingtime to the waiting jobs to be done when it is due, butdone before.

To do this, you start with the due date and workbackward, calculating when to start the last activity,when to start the next-to-last activity, and so forth.


Contd..

Figure below gives an example of backward scheduling. Backward scheduling shows you how

late the job can be started and still be finished on time. When you are using backward

scheduling and forward scheduling together, a difference between the start time of the first

activity indicates slack in the schedule. Slack means that you can start a job immediately but

you do not have to do so. You can start it any time up to the start time in your backward

schedule and still meet the due date.


Thank You


Presentation on operation scheduling

Education

Transcript of Presentation on operation scheduling