A PRESENTATION

ONELECTRIC POWER GENERATION

AT

NTPC, FARIDABAD

PRESENTED BY : - GAURAV PRIYADARSHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING, JIWAJI UNIVERSITY, GWALIOR

Some Points About NTPC LIMITED :

Set up in 1975. India’s largest thermal power generating company. Installed capacity of 29,394 MW. 7 gas based power stations (3,955 MW) . 15 coal based power stations (23,395 MW). 4 power stations in Joint Ventures (1,794 MW). The company has power generating facilities in all

major regions of the country.

NTPC FARIDABAD PLANT Approved by govt. in July 1997. Plant capacity of 432 MW. 3 Turbines being used for power generation. Two GAS TURBINE (GT-1 & GT-2) having capacity 138

MW each. 1 STEAM TURBINE (ST) based on Waste Heat Recovery

System having capacity of 156 MW. Gas from GAIL as a fuel used taken from HBJ pipeline. Naptha & HSD are fuels used in absence of gas. Water source is Gurgaon canal. 1 Black start diesel generator set available for

emergency situations such as grid failure.

TURBINES(1)2 Gas Turbines (GT1 & GT2) :--

Manufactured by Siemens. Both are 4 stage turbines (Has 4 rows of blades). GT-1 commissioned in June 1999 & GT-2 in October

1999. Fuel gas & Air from atmosphere mixed in compressor

& then burnt in combustion chamber is input to Gas turbines.

Input is at high temperature & pressure. High pressure of input used to rotate turbines.GT-1 & GT-2 further rotates generators coupled to them.Power generated 2x138 MW.Output voltage 10.5 kV.

(2) Steam Turbine :- Manufactured by BHEL. Specifications :Speed 3000 rpm ,Pressure

86kg/cm2. Commissioned in July 2000. Input is steam at high temperature &

pressure. Steam generated from Demineralised Water. Heat required is gained from flue gas

released from Gas turbines. Pressurized steam rotates turbine. Turbine further rotates generator coupled to

it.

Power generated 156 MW.Output voltage 15.75 kV.

POWER GENERATION USING GAS TURBINES

Environmental Air

Generator

Combustion Chamber L

compressor Compressed air

Compressed air +Fuel gas At high pressure

Gas Turbine

Coupling Shaft

Combustion Chamber R Fuel Gas

Fuel Gas

Flue gas at 540 C.

Electric Power

Compressor takes environmental air & compresses it.Compressor has 16 stages i.e 16 rows of blades.Compressed air feeded to Combustion Chamber(CC).Fuel gas also feeded to CC. In CC both mixed,burnt & converted to high pressure gas.High pressure gas feeded to GT. It causes rotation of GT.Gas emmited out from GT is at 540 C & also known as

Flue Gas.GT coupled through shaft to generator rotor.Rotation of rotor produces electric energy in accordance

with Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction.

POWER GENERATION USING STEAM TURBINE

C P

Deaerator

Cooled Water

DM Water free of air &other impurities

Condenser Cooling Tower

Raw Water

Cooling Water

CEPCondensed SteamWater

Condensed SteamWater

BFP Boiler

Steam Turbine

Steam

Steam of Low Pressure & Temp

Flue gas

DM Water

DM Water : Demineralised water- Used in Steam turbine.CP : Circulating pump - Used to extract cool water from

Cooling tower & feed it to Condenser to condense steam exhausted from steam turbine.

CEP : Condensate extraction pump -Used to extract water formed out of condensing steam exhausted by ST & feed it to Deaerator.

BFP : Boiler feed pump -Used to extract DM Water from Deaerator & feed it to boiler.

PROCESS OF POWER GENERATION USING STEAM TURBINE

DM Water feeded to boiler.Heat required in boiler extracted from flue gas.Steam at high pressure & temperature feeded to ST.High pressure of steam rotates ST .ST further rotates generator coupled to it leading to

power generation.Steam exhausted from ST with lowered pressure &

temperature.This steam further condensed in condenser using

cooling water.

Cooling Water gets heated up.This heated raw water cooled in cooling tower.Using CP again feeded to Condenser.Condensed steam gets steam contains air & gases

which get dissolved during whole process.Dissolved gases harmful to equipments as can lead to

erosion & deposition of slug etc.These removed by deaerator.Again feed to boiler by BFP.Same process repeated leading to closed cycle process.

BOILER :-Closed vessel converting water to steam.Heat required extracted from flue gases emitted by GT-1

& GT-2.Steam boilers broadly classified in 2 categories: (1)Water tube Boilers ( 2)Fire tube Boilers

CONDENSER :- It condenses steam.Used at exhaust of turbine. It creates very low pressure at exhaust of turbine

resulting in condensation of steam.Condensed steam used as feed water to boiler.

COOLING TOWER :Removes heat from hot water discharged from

condenser.Water is sprinkled from top of tower in form of small

droplets.Heat is exchanged between water droplets leading to

evaporation of some droplets & cooling of others.Motive of this is to cool water so that it can be discharged to canal or be recirculated & reused.

D M WATER PLANT

Raw water from canal

Cl2

Clarified Water to condenser & cooling tower

CO & other gases removed

2

ClarifierClarified Water

Gravity Sand Filter

Activated Carbon Filter

WAC+SAC Filter

Water

Air Blown in

WBA+SBA Filter

Mixed BedSAC+SBAD M Water

Chlorine is mixed in raw water taken from canal to remove germs. Lime+Alum in clarifier give soft water as output & Poly Aluminum

Chloride or Alum alone in clarifier removes turbidity. Gravity Sand Filter & Activated Carbon Filter retain impurities of

water. Mixture of weak acid cation & strong acid cation (WAC+SAC)

removes +ve ions of minerals in water. Then water in form of small droplets with help of blowing air & then allowed to fall in a chamber that removes

CO2 & other gases from water. Mixture of weak base anion & strong base anion(WBA+SBA)

absorbs -ve ion. Mixed bed(SBA+SAC) removes remaining +ve & -ve ions.

GENERATOR:- Works in accordance with principle of electromagnetic

induction. When a conductor is moved in presence of magnetic

field an EMF is induced in the conductor. Hence generator consists of a rotor part & a stator part. Rotor part is connected to turbine which rotates it in

magnetic field of stator. Hence generator converts rotational energy of turbine in

electrical energy.

We have 3 generators each connected to a turbine. GT-1 generator Output voltage-10.5V,Power Generated-138MW GT-2 generator Output voltage-10.5V,Power Generated-138MW ST generator Output voltage-15.75V,Power Generated-156MW

TRANSFORMER

In NTPC we have following transformers:1)10.5kV to 220kV(Generator transformers)2)15.75kV to 220kV(Generator transformer)3)10.5kV to 6.6kV(Auxiliary transformer)4)15.75 to 6.6kV(Auxiliary transformer)5)6.6kV to 415V(for various auxiliaries that run

at low voltage)

SWITCHYARD

Feeds power generated to transmission lines.Have 4 transmission lines Palla-1,Palla-2,Samaypur-1,Samaypur-2.2 Main bus.1 Transfer bus.Checks correctness of various electric quantities with

equipments like CT , CVT etc.Maintains power supplied on various transmission line

as per requirement of receiver by Bus Coupler Bay.

220 kV Transfer Bus

220 kV Main Bus 1

220 kV Main Bus 2

Palla 1 Samaypur 1Palla 2 Samaypur 2

M

M M M M

MM

GT2

MM

GT1

MM

STM

220kV circuit breaker

220kV isolator

Wave trap

C V T

C T

Single Line Diagram of 220 kV Switchyard

• Circuit Breaker & isolator used to break & connect the circuit as per requirement.

• Wave trap used for communication purposes.• Current transformer(CT)used to measure current

flowing in the circuit .• Capacitive Voltage Transformer(CVT) used to measure

voltage in circuit.• Wave trap contains high pass filter that allows only

communication signal to pass through.

THANK YOU