Presentation Manuel Chiriboga OECD
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Transcript of Presentation Manuel Chiriboga OECD
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Rural Territorial Dynamicsin Latin America
Manuel Chiriboga
OECD 7th Annual Rural Development Conference"Developing rural polices to meet the needs of a
changing world”Quebec, Canada, 13-15 October
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KEY CHALLENGES
1. Changes in rural and national societiesa. Diversification of the rural economyb. Urbanization and new urban-rural relationsc. Decentralizationd. New social and economic actors
Corollary: Rural ≠ agricultural Agriculture-led only rural development questioned
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KEY CHALLENGES
2. Preparatory work for the WDR 2008
a. Relationship between economic growth, poverty reduction and greater income equality, varied by large regions
Corollary: Same policy has different impact in different regions Different regions have different capacity to participate in
development opportunities
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KEY CHALLENGES
3. Mainstream ‘Washington Consensus’ rural development strategy (e.g., WDR 2009)
a. Economic development policies for those products, firms and regions with comparative advantages
b. Social policies for the rest
Corollary: A split between economically-integrated and socially-integrated or
left behind regions Is there room for place-based development policies even in
regions that lack a natural competitive advantage?
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RURAL TERRITORIAL DYNAMICS PROGRAM
A research-based program on rural economic growth, social inclusion and environmental sustainability in Latin America and its policy implications.
19 territories in 11 countries, 5 years
With a large network of partners
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FIRST PHASE OBJECTIVES
First Phase: Changes in development outcomes as indicators of development
dynamics What are the changes over time in development outcomes at the
local level in the participating countries? Aggregate economic well-being (proxied by average per capita
consumption and/or income) Poverty (proxied by the incidence of poverty) Economic inequality (proxied by the gini coefficient of per capita
consumption or income)
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METHODS Small Area Estimates (Elbers, Lanjouw, Lanjouw 2003)
Combines Population censi – representativeness Household surveys – richness of data including income or
consumption
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MAPPING CHANGES AT THE MUNICIPAL LEVEL
400 million persons, 73% of Latin America 10 thousand municipalities Change over last two censi (1990s – 2000s)
Average per capita income (or consumption) Incidence of poverty Gini coefficient of per capita income (or consumption)
Different behavior of indicators: Win = W or (+), Lose = L or (-)
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DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES
Type Population % Municipalities %W W W 34.810.814 9% 1.260 12%
W W L 60.920.050 15% 2.129 20%
W L W 5.512.634 1% 120 1%
W L L 32.708.854 8% 736 7%
L W W 30.934.332 8% 1.034 10%
L W L 9.462.410 2% 395 4%
L L W 85.462.336 21% 1.388 13%
L L L 139.697.708 35% 3.359 32%
Total 399.509.138 100% 10.421 100%
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TRENDS IN BRAZIL, 1991 - 2000
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TRENDS IN PERU, 1993 - 2005
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TRENDS IN MEXICO, 1990-2005
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TRENDS IN CHILE, 1992-2002
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NEXT STAGES
Understanding initial findings: In depth research in 19 territories to explain differences in
development outcomes Based in both qualitative and quantitative methods
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INITIAL FINDINGS
Pro-development coalitions in territories matter Inclusive Institutions and local business climate are key to
equitable growth
Social Capital in territories enhance pro-poor growth
Effective and Inclusive Governance can make the difference
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CAPACITY BUILDING
Support to subnational equitable growth strategies
Capacity development at subnational level Policy dialogue and incidence at subnational, national and
international levels
Support to innovative practices already being implemented Networking amongst territories and with territories outside Latin
America on public policies and best practices
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NEXT PRESENTATIONS
Territorial policy responses in: Chile
Brazil
Mexico
How public programs in these countries intend to correct disparities
and create new opportunities for rural populations?
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