Presentation at the international household water tretment workshop in africa ghana
19
Emergency Response and Emergency Response and Cholera in Ghana Cholera in Ghana West Africa Regional Workshop on HWTS West Africa Regional Workshop on HWTS La Palm Beach Hotel, Accra-Ghana La Palm Beach Hotel, Accra-Ghana 6-8 May, 2013 6-8 May, 2013 Presentation by: Presentation by: Enoch Ofosu Enoch Ofosu WASH in Emergencies Coordinator, WASH in Emergencies Coordinator, Ghana Ghana [email protected] [email protected]
-
Upload
enoch-ofosu -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
104 -
download
1
description
Presentation at the West African Household Water Tretment and Safe Storage workshop in Accra- Ghana- La Palm Beach Hotel, Accra-Ghana 6-8 May, 2013
Transcript of Presentation at the international household water tretment workshop in africa ghana
Emergency Response and Cholera Emergency Response and Cholera in Ghanain Ghana
West Africa Regional Workshop on HWTSWest Africa Regional Workshop on HWTSLa Palm Beach Hotel, Accra-Ghana La Palm Beach Hotel, Accra-Ghana 6-8 May, 20136-8 May, 2013
Presentation by:Presentation by:Enoch OfosuEnoch OfosuWASH in Emergencies Coordinator, WASH in Emergencies Coordinator, Ghana Ghana [email protected]@gmail.com
Developing CountriesDeveloping Countries - - Causes of Causes of DeathDeath
Communicable Communicable DiseaseDisease
Major Cause of Major Cause of Death in Death in DisasterDisaster
Directly Related Directly Related to Poor Water to Poor Water and Sanitationand Sanitation
Source: WHO 2010
CauseCauseDeathsDeaths
HIV / AIDSHIV / AIDS2,678,0002,678,000
Respiratory InfectionsRespiratory Infections2,643,0002,643,000
Heart DiseaseHeart Disease 2,484,0002,484,000
Diarrhoeal DiseaseDiarrhoeal Disease1,793,0001,793,000
Cerebrovascular DiseaseCerebrovascular Disease1,381,0001,381,000
Childhood DiseasesChildhood Diseases 1,217,0001,217,000
MalariaMalaria 1,103,0001,103,000
TuberculosisTuberculosis1,021,0001,021,000
Pulmonary DiseasePulmonary Disease 748,000748,000
MeaslesMeasles 674,000 674,000
WHO Cholera 2012 ReportSno Country Cases Deaths CFR
1 Somalia 77636 742 3.172 Cameroon 22433 783 3.493 Democratic Republic of Congo 21700 584 2.694 Chad 17267 458 2.655 Ghana 10628 105 0.996 Niger 2324 60 0.587 Mali 2220 95 4.288 Angola 1810 110 6.089 Mozambique 1279 5 0.39
10 Cote d'vore 1261 24 1.911 Zimbabwe 1220 2 0.1612 Liberia 1146 0 013 Burundi 1072 1 0.0914 Other Countries 26682 1214
Total 188678 4183 2.22
This is 2011 data
Ghana Cholera Report 2012
Total cases for 2012= 9548, Deaths=100, CFR=1%
Main Causes of cholera
Risk factors
Insufficient/Unsafe water supply (quality and quantity).
Unsafe Excreta Disposal
Poor hygiene practises (including hand washing & Food Hygiene)
7
FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF OUTBREAKS
Preparedness
Response
Efficient surveillance system
Prevention
Preparedness
Pre-positioning of oral dehydration salts and other medical supplies;
Pre-positioning of water treatment supplies;
Training of personnel;
Preparation of national and sub – national plans of action.
FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF OUTBREAKS (Contd.)
NADMO (Coordination)Health (Database Management);
WASH;Education;
Social sector; Communication;
OVERALL COORDINATION (Declared Emergency)
Intervention EffectIntervention Effect↑ ↑ Water QualityWater Quality↑ ↑ Water QuantityWater QuantityHand WashingHand WashingLatrines – Safe Latrines – Safe
Excreta DisposalExcreta DisposalAll MeasuresAll Measures
EXCRETA
WATER FLIES HANDS
MOUTH
FOOD
BARRIER
BARRIERBARRIER
BASIS OF WASH OVERALL WASH BASIS OF WASH OVERALL WASH INTERVENTIONSINTERVENTIONS
Surface waterWater source Risk of faecal
contamination
Rivers High to very high
Lake High to very high
Rainfall Low to high
Transmission potential through potable Transmission potential through potable waterwater
GroundwaterWater source Risk of faecal
contamination
Protected spring Nil or very low
Closed dug well Low
Open dug Well Medium to high
Borehole Nil or very low
Improved access to safe water sources;
Knowledge in how to make water safe for consumption;
Health education that encourages improved food safety and
personal hygiene.
FOCUS OF WATER SAFETY INTERVENTIONS
Baseline data collection;
Frank reporting;
Analysis of data to guide interventions accordingly to lead to timely prevention
and preparedness activities.
APPROACH
THE ROLE OF HWTS
16
EXCRETA
WATER FLIES HANDS
MOUTH
FOOD
BARRIER
BARRIERBARRIER
HWTS MEASURES USED• Household water purification tablets
(e.g. Aquatabs)• Household level filtration (e.g. Ceramic
Filters)• Disinfection of Household Wells• Behaviour Change Communication /
promotional activities on HWTS• Boiling – mainly as result of
promotional activities17
OUTCOMES AND LESSONS LEARNT
• Effective redress of cholera situation the situation in ER and BAR (unsafe water)
• Anecdotal evidence to reduction in other diarrhea related disease
• Increased awareness and knowledge in water hygiene (general hygiene)
• Effective entry point for HWTS programme interventions ( as well as CLTS and HWWS)
• Enhanced capacity of implementers in promotion of HWTS and use of methods/ technologies
18
THANK YOU
19
