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Architectural layout and vulnerability to earthquakes of
housing buildings of the Modernism
Maria BOSTENARU DAN
ERGOROM ’99
“Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning
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Overview
Seismic risk Scope of the Marie Curie ERG Differences / common characteristics Romanian, Greek, Italian Modernism Zoning illustrations Modern – vernacular Conclusions
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Seismic risk
Bucharest Earthquakes 1940, 1977 1977 interwar buildings proved most
vulnerable
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Scope of the Marie Curie ERG
Marie Curie European Reintegration Grant 2007-2010 Zoning in blocks of flats Bucharest, Romania Athens, Greece Milan, Italy (Budapest, Hungary)
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Differences
Earthquakes
Bucharest 1940, 1977 Athens 1999 Milan never Budapest never
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Common characteristics
Historic Reinforced Concrete Luxury dwellings, unlike in Western
Europe (social housing) No seismic codes Zoning – the way of living led to an
architectural shape which rendered vulnerable
CA’REDIVIVUS (prior project)
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Romanian Modernism
Irregular shape in plan and section 4 EWICS Lack of seismic culture Vrancea earthquakes did not affect
traditional low rise housing buildings Typology from France Calculation tables from Germany
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Romania
Earthquakes affected slender buildings like churches
Local seismic culture developed there Modernist buildings in the city centre from
retracing of streets < irregular parcels
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Romanian block of flats
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Romanian block of flats
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Romanian block of flats
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Romanian block of flats
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Zoning in a Romanian block of flats
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Zoning in a Romanian block of flats
Bedroom/ nightzone
Livingroom, includingdinning
Corridors/ circulationzone
Bathrooms, toillets
Kitchen
Hall / vertical circulation
Deposit / external circulation
Legend:
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Greek ModernismMilanese Novecento
More regular shape < parcels Regular distribution of columns and
beams Athens: peripheral, near train station Milan: spread over the whole city Italy – local seismic culture in vernacular
housing
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Greek block of flats
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Zoning in a Greek block of flats
Bedroom/ nightzone
Livingroom, includingdinning
Corridors/ circulationzone
Bathrooms, toillets
Kitchen
Hall / vertical circulation
Deposit / external circulation
Legend:
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Italian block of flats
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Italian block of flats
http://photo.net/photodb/presentation?presentation_id=348690
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Zoningin an Italian block of flats
Living room, dinning
Bathroom, toilets
Kitchen
Hall
Corridors / circulation zone
Deposit
Bedroom / Night zone
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Modernism - vernacular
Modernism negated historic links Similarities independent from location
(universal style) Change from single family to multi family
housing Study on vernacular and modernist in
Germany http://www.world-housing.net Traditional is modern
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Metal building of the Modern Movement - Germany
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Vernacular Fachwerk building in Germany
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Vernacular Fachwerk building in Germany
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Conclusions
In Romania buildings are most vulnerable due to high irregularity
The irregularity resulted from the architectural adaptation to the form of the parcels given the urban interventions following the CIAM
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Thank you!