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PHYSICAL SCIENCE
AJU MOHANBADHIRIYA B.Ed COLLEGE
NANOTECHNOLOGY
“Nanotechnology is the art an science of manipulating matter at the nanoscale”.
1 nanometer (10-9m)-one millionth of a millimeter, one billionth of a meter.
It is the key technology of the 21 st
century.
Nano particles- materials that have size in nm at least in one dimensions.
NANOTECHNOLOGY
The first ever concept was presented in 1959 by the famous professor of physics Dr. Richard P.Feynman.
Invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981 and the discovery of fullerene(C60) in 1985 lead to the emergence of nanotechnology.
The term “Nano-technology" had
been coined by Norio Taniguchi in 1974
History
THERE’S PLENTY OF
ROOM AT THE BOTTOM
Nanoscale Approaches and Fabrication
Top-down Approaches Bottom-up Approaches
Create smaller objects using Larger objects
They arrange smaller components in to more
complex.
Application Of Nanotechnology
NANO – THE NEW MESSIAH
FOR CANCER
TREATMENT
Conventional treatment options•Surgery•Radiation therapy•Chemotherapy
DEMERITS Surgery and Radiation cannot be used to treat all types of cancer.Survival rate very poor after IInd stage.Numerous side effects – hairloss, fatigue, nuetrophenia etc.If we increase dose beyond a threshold value, it can be fatal.
Using Dendrimers (nanocapsules)TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY
Using Magnetic nanoparticlesTARGETED DRUG DELIVERY
With NT, we can create unique materials and products which
are:
Stronger Lighter Cheaper Durable Precise
Computers can become a billion times faster and a million times smaller
Automatic Pollution Cleanup
Manufacturing at almost no cost
End of Illnesses (i.e. cancer, heart disease)
Universal Immunity (i.e. aids, flu)
Body Sculpting (i.e. change your
appearance)
Industrial
MedicalMaterial
Advantages
FEAR Nuclear and atomic bombs can have
different dimensions
Cloning and miniaturization
Nano medicine- worrying factor!
About Small Things..
NANOTECHNOLOGY
THE FUTURE IS
COMING…
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
Information technology (IT) is the application
of computers and telecommunications equipment to store,
retrieve, transmit and manipulate data, often in the context of a business or other
enterprise.
18
Welcome to the Information Age The Evolution of the Information Age
Agricultural Age: The period up to the 1800s, when the majority of workers were farmers whose lives revolved around agriculture.
Industrial Age: The period from the 1800s to 1957, when work processes were simplified through mechanization and automation.
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Welcome to the Information Age The Evolution of the Information Age
(Continued)
Information Age: The period that began in 1957, in which the majority of workers are involved in the creation, distribution, and application of information.
Knowledge Workers: Workers involved in the creation, distribution, and application of information.
20
Senn, Information Technology, 3rd Edition
© 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall
Welcome to the Information Age The Evolution of the Information Age (Continued)
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT in Education◦ Driving force in educational reform◦ Students have many opportunities to
learn the basic computer skills to facilitate their learning.
Multimedia learning centre (MMLC) in secondary school
Classroom with a projector
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT at Home◦ Smart home technology
Allows people to control household and other domestic appliances over the Internet
◦ Personal computer Has become a necessity for many households
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT at Home◦ Personal computer
Uses of personal computer
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT at Home◦ Home office
Refers to a small computerized office setup at home
Self-employed persons can work at home and communicate with others through the Internet.
Self-employedperson
Internet
Internet
Clients
Colleagues
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT in Public Places◦ Internet access service
It is provided in various public places. The public can obtain information from the
Internet more conveniently.
Internet access service in public area
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT in Business◦ E-commerce
We can book tickets online (http://www.cityline.com.hk)
We can also purchase groceries online (http://www.wellcome.com.hk)
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT in Government◦ Information technology has become an
important means of providing government services.
◦ Under the ‘2004 Digital 21 Strategy’, the Hong Kong SAR government has committed to developing e-government.
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT in Government◦ Electronic Service Delivery
A web site that provides a wide range of government information and services
The services include,
application forgovernment job vacancies
payment of government
bills
makingappointments for
The use of public services
purchasingbooks
http://www.esd.gov.hk
ESD web site
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT in Government◦ Electronic Service Delivery
1.1 Applications of Information Technology in Our Daily Life
IT in Government◦ Smart Identity Card
Contains personal data, templates of thumb prints and photograph of card holder
Information stored is encrypted with high security Uses
Automatic immigration clearance (e-channel) Value-added information (e.g. library card)
1.2 Information Technology and the Information Age
Lifelong Learning◦ People must be information literate so as
to handle vast amount of information encountered everyday.
Changing skillsand
knowledgefor effective
use of IT
Peoplesupplement
their knowledgethrough
continuing education
1.2 Information Technology and the Information Age
Telecommuting◦ People working outside office through use of
telecommunication
Information Technology and the Information Age
Telecommuting◦ Advantages of telecommuting
Save travelling
time
Provide flexibleworking hours
Reduce company expense
Allow employees work remotely
Information Technology and the Information Age
Telecommuting◦ Disadvantages of telecommuting
Employers concerned
about exposing of
company confidentials
More difficult for
employers to monitor
work progress