Los Observatorios de Canarias Situación actual y perspectivas futuras

Álex Oscoz Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

RIA-AstroMadrid: Desarrollo de instrumentación astronómica en España. 25-27 sept 2013

Observatorios de Canarias

ø cm INSTRUMENT OWNER &/or OPERATOR YEAR

Camera SuperWASP Queen's University Belfast (UK) 2004

Canary Islands Long-Baseline Observatory ESA 2011

18 Automatic Transit Circle (robotic - optical) IAC (Spain) 1984

20 Automatic Seeing Monitor (DIMMA) IAC (Spain) 2007

30 Automatic Seeing Monitor (DIMMA) Isaac Newton Group 2008

45 Dutch Open Telescope (solar) DOT Foundation (The Netherlands) 1997

60 Optical Telescope The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 1982

97 Swedish Solar Telescope The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 2002

100 Jacobus Kapteyn Telescope (Optical) Science & Technology Facilities Council (UK), The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research

1984

100 Super-WASP Qatar Follow-up Telescope (robotic - optical)

Queen's University Belfast (UK) 2014

120 Mercator Telescope (optical) Katholieke Universiteit Leuven & Institute of Astronomy (Belgium) 2002

200 Liverpool Telescope (optical & robotic) Liverpool John Moores University (UK) 2003

250 Isaac Newton Telescope (optical) Science & Technology Facilities Council (UK), The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research & IAC (Spain)

1984

256 Nordic Optical Telescope NOT Scientific Association (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway & Sweden)

1989

350 Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (optical) National Institute for Astrophysics (Italy) 1998

420 William Herschel Telescope (optical) Science & Technology Facilities Council (UK), The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research & IAC (Spain)

1987

1,050 Gran Telescopio Canarias (optical - IR) GRANTECAN (Spain), University of Florida (USA) Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica. & Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México)

2008

1,700 Cherenkov MAGIC I (High Energy Astrophysics)

MAGIC Consortium** 2005

1,700 Cherenkov MAGIC II (High Energy Astrophysics)

MAGIC Consortium** 2008

2 ICTS: ORM/OT and GTC 40 installations are

operational

Observatorios de Canarias

ø cm INSTRUMENT OWNER &/or OPERATOR Year

DIMM-SHABAR (atmospheric characterisation)

IAC (Spain) 2010

XO Cameras (optical - robotic) Space Telescope Science Institute (USA) 2012

Canary Islands Long-Baseline Observatory (optical - robotic)

ESA 2011

20 Automatic Seeing Monitor (DIMMA) IAC (Spain) 2010

30 EARTHSHINE (optical - robotic) New Jersey Institute of Technology (USA) 2008

35 Bradford Robotic Telescope (optical) University of Bradford (UK) 2005

40 X 2 Optical Telescope Array (robotic) Telescope Society (USA) 2004

50 MONS Telescope (optical) Mons University (Belgium) 1972

70 Vacuum Tower (solar) Kiepenheuer-Institut fuer Sonnenphysik (Germany) 1989

80 IAC-80 (optical) IAC (Spain) 1993

90 THEMIS (solar) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France) 1996

100 SONG (optical - robotic) Universities of Aarhus & Copenhagen (Denmark) 2013

100 Optical Ground Station (OGS) ESA 1996

100 x 2 & 40 x 3

Teide Node (optical - robotic) Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network (USA) 2014

120 X 2 STELLA (Robotic Telescopes)

Astrophysical Institute Postdam (Germany) 2005 &

Universitäts Sternwarte Göttingen & Astrophysical Institute Postdam (Germany)

2008

150 GREGOR (solar) Kiepenheuer-Institut fuer Sonnenphysik 2012

155 Carlos Sánchez Telescope (optical - infrared) IAC (Spain) 1972

QUIJOTE I (radio telescope) IAC (Spain), Universities of Cambridge & Manchester (UK) 2012

Solar Laboratory Instruments:

Integral Spectrophotometer: MARK-I (solar) University of Birmingham (UK) & IAC (Spain) 1977

GONG Fourier Tachometer (solar) National Solar Observatory (USA) 1996

High Resolution Photometer EAST (solar) National Tsing Hua University (Taiwan) 2006

2 ICTS: ORM/OT and GTC 40 installations are

operational

Observatorios de Canarias

PRESENT SITUATION

Weaknesses • Decreasing funding for maintenance and update. • Limited flexibility in financial management. • Difficulties in multi-year planning and management. • Very complex and dilated-time installation permits procedures. • Loss of human resources (scientists and engineers) as a result of present crisis situation.

Threats • The current economic situation affecting the maintenance of RTD activities worldwide in the very

near future. • Closure or diminished performance of facilities currently in operation. • Use of telescope time for research of low interest and poor quality. • Loss of prominence as a first-class centre attracting advanced instrumentation for astrophysical

research. • Inability to manage the funding obtained in relation to corresponding commitments. • Not being able to attract and retain the best international facilities. • Application of generic procedures of the AGE unsuitable for management in an international

context.

Observatorios de Canarias

Optical Near IR Med IR Special

Img MRS HRS Img MRS Img MRS AO Opt WFI

IR WFI

WF Spec

Polar Img

Polar Spec

Fast Phot

Coro

GTC X X X X X X X X X X X

WHT X X X X X X X X X

TNG X X X X X X X

NOT X X X X X X X X

INT X X X

LT X X X X X

Mercator X X

TCS X X X

Stella X X X SONG X X OGS X X IAC80 X X X

Img: imaging MRS: medium-res. spec. HRS: high-res. spec. AO: adaptive optics WFI: wide field imaging Polar: polarimetry Phot: photometry Coro: coronography.

GREGOR HRS, optical and IR; IR spect-pol; narrow-band optical filters with tunable etalons; speckle reconstruction, WFI.

SST HRS, optical and IR; spect-pol; narrow-band optical filters with tunable etalons; speckle reconstruction, WFI.

THEMIS Multiline optical spectrograph; 2-D spectro-imager.

VTT HRS, optical and NIR; IR and optical spect-pol; HRS from an optical filter of tunable etalons; full disk telescope.

(See SA’s talk)

Observatorios de Canarias

Telescope % Open time for Spain Guaranteed time DDT Key projects

GTC 82%, ITP 5% 5% 10 ESO-GTC

WHT, INT 34,1%, ITP 5% 6

TNG, NOT, LT, Mercator, Stella, SONG 20%, ITP 5% 80 n/yr (HARPS-N) 3

TCS, IAC80 100% 10

OGS 25% 3

GREGOR, SST, THEMIS, VTT 20%, ITP 5% 3

> 2000 observing nights/days per year to the Spanish community in open competition.

> 1000 hours/year devoted for 100 Spanish

service or ToO programmes.

7 3 3 1

159

98

32

34

33

17 9

33 19

Nr proposals received / year / telescope VTT

SST

THEMIS

DOT

GTC

WHT

INT

NOT

TNG

Liverpool

Mercator

IAC80

TCS

Over-subscription factor

Observatorios de Canarias

Observatorios de Canarias

(**) Only data from ING group

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

ESA Obs. Can. ESO IRAM CAHA

(*) Nature, Science, AJ, ApJ, A&S, PASP, MNRAS, AN, Icarus

38,4%

27,0%

18,9%

7,8% 8,0% ESA

Obs. Can.

ESO

IRAM

CAHA

Data taken from the official webpages of each institution and from RIA reports.

Observatorios de Canarias

SKY QUALITY

The following instruments are currently in operation at the Observatories: • DIMMAs (Differential Image Motion Monitors) • AWSs (Automatic Weather Stations) • SCIDAR (SCIntillation Detection And Ranging) • Airborne Particle Counter • SHABAR (SHadow BAnd Ranging) • ASTMON (All Sky Transmission MONitor) • SQM (Sky Quality Meter)/SQM-LE • Precipitable Water Vapour monitor

Clear transparent skies: 80% of the time.

Sky brightness (ORM zenith): B=22.7, V=21.9, R=21.0, U=22.0, I=20.0.

Seeing: median value 0.64“; 7% of the time ≤0.3".

Atmospheric extinction coefficient (<k>) = 0.13 mag/airmass.

Column of precipitable water vapour (median) = 3.8 mm (ORM).

(poster Rodríguez-Ramos or ask the IAC’s Sky Quality Team)

www.iac.es/site-testing/DIMMA_OT www.iac.es/site-testing/DIMMA_ORM

Observatorios de Canarias

Current FP7 projects related to research infrastructures: SOLARNET, OPTICON, GLORIA & SPACEINN

LATEST NEWS

QUIJOTE: commissioning of the MFI and normal observations (talk by Artal and posters Aguiar, Hoyland (2), Sánchez de la Rosa)

HARPS-N at TNG SARG retirement

GREGOR Commissioning, scientific observations in 2014

Observatorios de Canarias

Quantum Teleportation Experiment sets a new record: OGS-JKT = 143km.

IQOQI Vienna, Austrian Academy of Sciences IQOQI Vienna, Austrian Academy of Sciences

WHT: AF2/WYFFOSS/INTEGRAL: new Red+4 detector and more.

NOT&SST – will continue operating under new rules.

MERCATOR – MAIA ugr simultaneously.

LT – new instrument RINGO 3, commissioning of the first IR instrum.

Spectropolarimetry: PAOLO@TNG & NOTCAM@NOT.

STELLA(x2) – routinely observing, 20% offered by the CAT.

SONG – commissioning, AO problems.

XO – observing.

New TCS & IAC80 operating mode.

SONG team

Observatorios de Canarias

IQOQI Vienna, Austrian Academy of Sciences IQOQI Vienna, Austrian Academy of Sciences

Observatorios de Canarias

EST – 2016/22 (talk Collados & poster Sánchez-Capuchino)

3 MAJOR PROJECTS CTA – 2013/18 (talk by Barrio)

LT-2 2020/21

Observatorios de Canarias

SEVERAL INSTRUMENTS (talk by Reyes)

AOLI@WHT – 2014

EDiFiSe@WHT – 2015

ESPRESSO@VLT – 2016 (talk by Amate)

HARMONI@E-ELT (talk by Arribas)

HRUSS-CODEX@E-ELT (talk by Barcons)

JEMEUSO IRCAM@ISS – 2017/18

NISP@EUCLID (talk by Castander)

SOPHI@SOLAR ORBITER (talk by del Toro)

THERMAP@Marco Polo

WEAVE@WHT – 2017 (talk by Aguerri)

(posters: Díaz (2), Fragoso, Hernández, Rasilla, Reyes, Santana)

+

GTC: EMIR – FRIDA – HORUS – MEGARA – MIRADAS (talks: Álvarez, Barreto, Bello, Cepa, Díaz, Gil de Paz

posters: Redondo, Rosich, Tenegi)

AOLI

EDiFiSe

THERMAP

IRCAM

WEAVE

SOPHI

NSAS/ARC

Observatorios de Canarias

OTHER FACILITIES

QUIJOTE 2 – 2014/15 OGS – Lunar Atmosphere and

Dust Environment Explorer

SOLARNET (both before 2017): AO for THEMIS

& Slicer for GREGOR

(talk Calcines)

ING – new agreement

NOT – x-shooter

JKT – SARA

Some new robotic telescopes

LCOGT

Observatorios de Canarias