PRESENT SIMPLEPrepared by: HSC

The use of present simple

• Describe everyday lifestyle

• Habit

• Routine

• Things that are always/ generally true

• Repeated or regular actions

• State/being

• Schedules events in the near future

• Current

Present Simple

• Verb to be

• Verb

• Singular/Plural

• Affirmative

• Negative

• Question

• Possessives

• Progressive

Verb to be – state/being

I am

He is

She is

It is

You are

We are

They are

For example:

I am a teacher.

He is an engineer. (Ali is an engineer)

She is from Malaysia. (Sara is from Malaysia)

It is a car. (Proton is a car)

You are the winner of the contest.

We are at the office. (Ali and I are at the office)

They are students. (Ahmad and Sara are students)

Possessives

Pronoun

(subject)

Pronoun

(object)

Possessive

adjectives

Possessive

pronoun

I Me my mine

You You your yours

He Him his his

She Her her hers

It It its its

We Us our ours

They Them their theirs

Example

1. I am a teacher. subject

2. He is from Perak. subject

3. This is me. object

4. My name is Sarah. Possessive adjectives

5. His name is Joe. Possessive adjectives

6. This bag is mine. Possessive pronoun

7. That house is theirs. Possessive pronoun

8. It is his car. Possessive adjectives

9. Do you love him? object

10.That is her bag. Possessive adjectives

Verb – use as base form. Add –s for third person

I like chocolate.

We live at Port Dickson.

They go to gym regularly.

You hate football.

He loves coffee.

She plays futsal.

It smiles at me.

For verbs that end with: -ch, -sh, -ss, -o, -x and –z, we add -

es for the third person. 1. Go

He goes to school by bus.

2. Catch

She catches the train on time.

3. Wash

My father washes the dishes everyday.

4. Kiss

Lily kisses her daughter goodbye.

5. Buzz

He buzzes the bell.

6. Fix

She fixes the tap.

Verb – the spelling for third person

For verbs which end with a consonant + y, we remove the ‘y’ and add – ies.

1. MarryJohn marries Sally.

2. StudyHe studies French.

3. CarryShe carries the baby.

4. Worry He worries about me.

For verbs that end with a vowel + y, we add – s.

1. PlayShe plays football and tennis.

2. EnjoyHe enjoys sushi very much.

3. SayShe says Ok.

Affirmative

Singular Plural

I eat bread. We write email.

You drink coffee. They sing in a choir.

He sleeps 10 hours everyday.

She comes from Kuala Lumpur

It eats fish for dinner.

Negative

• Add don’t and doesn’t to make negatives with all verbs (except verb to be, modal verbs – can, might, should etc)

• We add don’t and doesn’t between the subject and verb

I

don’tYou

We

They

he

doesn’tshe

it

1. I don’t drink coffee.

2. You don’t eat meat.

3. We don’t like football.

4. They don’t live here anymore.

5. He doesn’t play football.

6. She doesn’t drink tea.

7. It doesn’t sleep out.

Negative

• Add Not to all verb to be, modal verbs (can, could, might, should etc), add not after the vtb, modal verbs. Not could also be in a contracted form – ‘t.

1. He is not married/ he isn’t married.

2. I am not working/I’m not working.

3. They are not students/ They aren’t students.

4. She is not at her office/ She isn’t at her office.

5. We cannot dance/ We can’t dance.

6. You should not smoke here/ You shouldn’t smoke here.

7. I might not attend to the meeting.

8. She must not yell at him/ She mustn't’ yell at him.

9. We could not tell him/ We couldn’t tell him.

Affirmative - Negative

1. We like dancing. 1. We don’t like dancing.

2. I drink coffee. 2. I don’t drink coffee.

3. You play badminton. 3. You don’t play badminton.

4. He wears T-shirt to work. 4. He doesn’t wear T – shirt to work.

5. She speaks German. 5. She doesn’t speak German.

6. He is single. 6. He isn’t single.

7. She is a teacher. 7. She isn’t a teacher.

8. I am from Malaysia. 8. I am not from Malaysia.

9. You are beautiful. 9. You are not beautiful.

10. They are rich. 10. They are not rich.

11. We are poor. 11. We are not poor.

Affirmative:

Subject + verb + …….

Subject + modal verb + verb + …….

Negative:

Subject + don’t/doesn’t + verb + ……

Subject + vtb + NOT + ……

Subject + modal verb + NOT + ……

Question

• We normally use do or does in order to make question.

• We begin with Do/Does in the beginning of the sentence.

• Do/Does + subject + verb + rest of the sentence

Example: Do you like coffee?Do they drink soft drinks?Does she play football?Does he speaks English?

Question

• We make questions with the verb to be and modal verbs in the beginning.

Example: Are you married?Is he an engineer?Are they students?Can you speak English?Must you sleep here?

Question – short answers

• Questions that begin with do/does, verb to be and modal verbs are usually answered in short form as in Yes/No.

Example:

1. Do you speak English? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

2. Does he work at Aker? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.

3. Is Joe married? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.

4. Are we there yet? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.

5. Can you swim? Yes, I can. No, I can’t.

6. Should he smoke? Yes, he should. No, he shouldn’t

Progressive

• Present progressive is used for action is happening at or around the moment of speaking.

• Temporary situation

• Changing or developing situation

• Fixed for the near future

• We add –ing to all verbs

Subject + verb to be + verb + -ing Affirmative

Subject + verb to be + NOT + verb + - ing Negative

VTB + subject + verb + -ing Question

Progressive

Present progressive is used for action is happening at or around the moment of speaking.

I am working at Aker. She is studying English.

I am not working at Aker. She is not studying English.

Are you working at Aker? Is she studying English?

They are having a meeting. He is washing the dishes.

They are not having a meeting. He is not washing the dishes.

Are they having a meeting? Is he washing the dishes?

Progressive

• Temporary situation

I am staying with my parents.

I am not staying with my parents.

Are you staying with your parents?

She is doing her homework now.

She is not doing her homework now.

Is she doing her homework now?

Progressive

• Changing or developing situation

He is getting better. Today the weather is getting warmer.

He is not getting better. The weather is not getting warmer.

Is he getting better? Is it getting warmer today?

Fixed for the near future

I am getting married next week. They are celebrating a party next week.

I am not getting married next week. They aren’t celebrating next week.

Are you getting married next week? Are they celebrating next week?

Present Simple

• We use the adverbs of frequency to express our routines in detail.

• Adverbs of frequency will be in front of theverb of the sentence.

• Subject + adverb + verb

I always drink coffee in the morning.

He often plays football in the evening.

She usually goes shopping alone.

We sometimes have lunch at Paradigm.

You rarely have dinner at home.

They never go picnic.

Degree adverbs

100% always

80% usually

60% often

40% sometimes

20% rarely

0% never

Note:

The rule for third person singular still applies for the verb.

Present simple

Applying adverbs in frequency in questions:

1. Do you often play football? Yes, I do.No, I don’t. I rarely play football nowadays.

2. How often do you play football? 2 times in a week/twice weekly.

3. Does she always drink coffee? Yes, she does.No, she doesn’t. She sometimes drink coffee.

4. How often does she drink coffee? 5 times in a day.

Present simple – Wh questions

We use wh questions to seek for information: what, who, where, why, when, how and how then.

What General information

who people

when time

where places

why reasons

how the way/method

how then frequency

how much price

1. What is your name?

2. Who is your teacher?

3. When do you start your English class?

4. Where do you have your class?

5. Why do you study English?

6. How often do you have your English class?

Present simple – wh questions

Answer the questions about your company and your work.

1. Who do you work for? I work for………

2. What does your company produce? My company produces……

3. Where do you work? I work at…….

4. Why do you like your job? I like my job because……

5. When do you start work? I start work at……

6. How often do you take MC? I never/rarely……

Sequencing words

We use sequencing words to describe on the stages of process.

Example: first of all, then, next, after that and finally.

First of all, I check the emails. Then, I reply and forward the emails. Next, I conduct my morning briefing. After that, I proceed to the various departments to oversee the work flow. Finally, I prepare daily progress report.

First of all Then Next After that Finally

Self Introduction

Good morning! My name is Sara and I’m 27 years old. I come from Penang, the island of food paradise and I am now living at Subang Jaya. I work as a flight attendant for Malindo Air. My job is to ensure passenger safety, first aider and customer service. I love my job because I like travelling and meeting people of different cultures.

Hello, I am Azlina. I am 25 years old and I am from Langkawi. Langkawi is an island of tourist attraction and duty free. I work as a secretary in an advertising agency at Kuala Lumpur. My tasks are to filter telephone calls for my managers and administration duties. I like my job because it is easy and fun.

Introducing others

Sara is my friend. She is 27 years old and comes from Penang. Penang is an island of food paradise and famous for sight – seeing. Sara works as a flight attendant for Malindo Air. Her job is to ensure passenger safety and comfort throughout the flight. She is also equipped with first aid knowledge. Sara loves her job because of traveling and meeting people. She is friendly, warmth and kind hearted.

Azlina is my colleague. She is 25 years old and comes from Langkawi. She works as a secretary for an advertising company. She reports to two managers. Her job is to filter telephone calls, prepare minutes meeting and administration duties. Azlina likes her job because it is easy. She is always happy.