Present perfect
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Transcript of Present perfect
![Page 1: Present perfect](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081603/558897f0d8b42a3c7d8b461f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Don’t compare to Portuguese. It’s different!
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Affirmative: HAVE / HAS + verb (past participle) Ex: I’ve lived in Rio de Janeiro. (I’ve = I have) She’s been to Canada. (She’s = She has)
The past participle of regular verbs ends in –ED. There are many common IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES. Ex: be – been / go – gone.
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Negative: HAVEN’T / HASN’T + verb (past participle) Ex: You haven’t studied French. Kevin hasn’t done his homework.
Question: HAVE/HAS + Subject + verb (past participle) Ex: Have you finished your exercise? Has the car cost $ 200,000?
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YES, (SUBJECT = pronoun) HAVE / HAS. NO, (SUBJECT = pronoun) HAVEN’T /
HASN’T.
EX: Have you closed the door? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Has Brenda written a composition? Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.
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The action happened at AN INDEFINITE PAST.
Ex: I’ve met a lot of famous people. (before now) She has won awards. (in her life) She’s written 20 songs. (up to now)
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The action can continue to the present, and probably into the future.
Ex: They’ve lived here for 20 years. (They still live here) Pat has taught English since 1991. (she still teaches English)
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It expresses an experience as part of someone’s life.
Ex: I’ve traveled a lot in Brazil.
# EVER and NEVER are common with this use.
Have you ever been in a car crash? My mother has never flown in a plane.
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It expresses an action or state which began in the past and continues to the present.
Ex: I’ve known Maria for ten years. How long have you worked as a teacher? # FOR and SINCE are common with this use.
We use FOR with a period of time, and SINCE with a point in the time.
We’ve lived here for eight years. David has liked hot dog since he was a boy.
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It expresses a past action with results in the present. It is often a recent past action.
Ex: I’ve lost my wallet. (I haven’t got it now.)
The taxi has arrived. (It’s outside now)
Has the mail carrier been yet? (Are there any letters for me?)
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The adverbs JUST, ALREADY and YET are common with this use (recent past action).
* YET is used in questions and negatives. Ex: She’s JUST had some good news. I’ve ALREADY had breakfast. Has the mail carrier been YET? It’s 11:00 and she hasn’t got up YET.