PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH - California Lighting Technology …PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 5 ACTUAL...

2016 Building Energy Efficiency Standards:Nonresidential Office

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PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 5

PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH

1. Actual and Allowed LPD

2. Complete Building Method

3. Area Category Method

4. Tailored Method

5. Reduced Wattage Method for Alterations

This section contains exercises for lighting power adjustments, Complete Building Method, and Area Category Method. The exercises are designed to follow the forms and Certificates of Compliance for Nonresidential indoor Lighting.


THE COMPLIANCE PROCESS

89

There are two major steps to Title 24 compliance:

1. Meet all mandatory requirements by installing required controls and devices and

ensuring that they have all of the required functionality.

2. Meet all prescriptive or performance requirements by ensuring that the actual

lighting power installed in a space is less than the allowed lighting power for that

space.


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ACTUAL LIGHTING POWER

The actual indoor lighting power of the proposed

building area is the total wattage of all planned,

permanent and portable lighting systems, adjusted

by the following:

1. Reduction of wattage through controls beyond

what the standards require (Power Adjustment

Factors)

2. Lighting wattage exclusions

90

PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 5 91


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ACTUAL LIGHTING POWER: REDUCTION THROUGH CONTROLSIf you exceed the mandatory controls requirements by installing a control where it is not required, you are eligible for a Power Adjustment Factor (PAF). This will result in a lower calculated lighting power use for the installed system.

( Controlled W ) X ( PAF from 140.6-A ) = Lighting Power Reduction

For example, a 480 ft2 open office plan with an occupancy control is eligible for a PAF of 0.2. Given that the controlled lighting in that space totaled 100W :

(100 W) X (0.2) = 20 W of excluded lighting power (80 W total)

92


LIGHTING WATTAGE EXCLUSIONSWattage of many lighting applications may be excluded, including:

• Theme parks, dance floors, theatres, religious worship, dressing rooms, temporary

exhibits, surgical lighting,

• Studio lighting for film or photography and for a videoconferencing studio

• Equipment that is for sale and for demonstration

• Lighting installed by the manufacturer in vending machines, scientific and industrial

equipment, refrigerated cases, walk-in freezers, and food preparation equipment

• Lighting for plant growth or maintenance

93


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ALLOWED LIGHTING POWER

The allowed indoor lighting power for each building or area is calculated

using one of the following methods:

• Complete Building Method

• Area Category

• Tailored Method

Each of these methods involves multiplying the square footage of a space by

the allowed wattage per square foot for that space.

94


ADDITIONAL POWER ALLOTMENTS

95

Additional lighting power is allowed under the Area Category Method for:

• Specialized task work lighting

• Ornamental, precision, accent, display, decorative lighting

• White board and chalk board lighting

Photo Credit: Finelite Photo Credit: Tech Lighting


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PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 5PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 7

Prescriptive Approach in Practice

98

The following example will show the steps to determine whether the actual

lighting power of a project will comply with the allowed lighting power budget

using the Area Category Method:

1. Calculate the lighting power allowance

2. Calculate the total installed lighting power for all planned lighting from a lighting

schedule

3. Exclude portable task lighting power for the office areas, using an option available

under the Area Category Method

4. Apply control credits earned by specifying lighting controls that go beyond

code requirements

5. Determine the adjusted lighting power using answers from steps one

through four

6. Compare the adjusted installed lighting power to the allowed lighting power

This section concludes with an example calculation of allowed lighting power using the

Complete Building Method to compare results with the Area Category Method.


PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 5PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 7

Prescriptive Approach in Practice

99PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 7

Forms Reference

This example includes notes on what sections of the Certificates of Compliance for

Nonresidential Indoor Lighting are necessary for this scenario. Forms can be

downloaded from the Energy Commission's website:

energy.ca.gov/title24/2016standards/nonresidential_manual.html.

Note: The forms included in this module have been adapted for the purpose of the exercises.

Please download the complete forms on the California Energy Commission website.

NRCC-LTI-02-E: Indoor Lighting—Lighting Controls

NRCC-LTI-01-E: Indoor Lighting

NRCC-LTI-03-E: Indoor Lighting Power Allowances


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J.S.H Associates is a 1,944-square-foot (gross) office building.

OFFICE INFORMATION

• Open Office: 532 ft2

• Private Office: 222 ft2

• Conference Room: 252 ft2

• Main Lobby: 228 ft2

• Kitchen: 156 ft2

• Corridors: 278.5 ft2

• Restroom 1: 51 ft2

• Restroom 2: 51 ft2

• Copy Room: 89.25 ft2

100

J.S.H. ASSOCIATES


J.S.H. ASSOCIATES FLOOR PLAN


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Indoor Lighting Schedule

PORTABLE LIGHTING

Symbol Luminaire Quantity Watts System Wattage

Efficacy (Lumens/Watt)

45” LED UNDERCABINET LIGHTINGFinelite Edge Undercabinet 10 12.2 W 122 W 62.2

LED TASK LIGHTKoncept Z Bar Mini Task Light 6.5 22.5 W 6.5 W —

Total Portable Lighting Watts: 128.5 W

Symbol Luminaire Quantity Watts System Wattage

Efficacy (Lumens/Watt)

2x2 LED RECESSED TROFFERCree CR22 15 35 W 525 W 90–100

1X4 1-LAMPFLUORESCENT RECESSED TROFFERFinelite HPR w/ Sylvania 32W T8 lamp; Sylvania Quicktronic Ballast 4 28 W 112 W 89

2X4 2-LAMP FLUORESCENT RECESSED TROFFERFinelite HPR w/ Sylvania 32W T8 lamp; Sylvania Quicktronic Ballast 2 54 W 108 W 89

6” LED RECESSED DOWNLIGHTCree LR6 12 12 W 144 W 90

LED WALL SCONCETech Lighting Mura 6 8 W 48 W 50

8’ LED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRELunera Lighting L7-G3 1 85 W 85 W 84

8’ LED LINEAR WALL MOUNT LUMINAIREFinelite Muro-Oval 1 45.2 W 45.2 W 57.3

LED PENDANTPhilips Vetro 3 10 W 30 W 76

LED SUSPENDED LUMINAIREPhilips Ledino Cinta Suspension Light 2 22.5 W 45 W 100

Total Installed Lighting Watts: 1,142.2 W

TOTAL LIGHTING WATTS: 1,270.7 W


AREA CATEGORY METHOD


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Summary of Allowed Lighting Power


1. Lighting Power AllowanceREQUIRED FORMS:

NRCC-LTI-03-E: Indoor Lighting Power Allowance

C-2 Area Category Method General Lighting Power Allowance

1. Determine the allowed lighting power of each area according to Table

140.6-C.

2. Determine the square feet of each area type.

3. Calculate the wattage allowance by multiplying the square feet of

each area type by the additional watts allowed

4. Total the allowed watts.


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J.S.H Associates: 1,944 ft2 Office Building

RESTROOM #1

51 ft2

RESTROOM #2

51 ft2

COPY ROOM89.25 ft2

CORRIDOR278.5 ft2

KITCHEN156 ft2

OPEN OFFICE532 ft2

PRIVATE OFFICE222 ft2

CONFERENCE ROOM

252 ft2MAIN ENTRY LOBBY

228 ft2


C-2. Area Category Method General Lighting Power Allowance

Open OfficePrivate Office

0.751.0

532 ft2

222 ft2399 W222 W

1,609 W

Conference RoomMain Lobby

1.20.95

252 ft2

228 ft2302.4 W217 W

KitchenCorridors

1.20.6

156 ft2

278.5 ft2188 W

167.1 WRestroom #1Restroom #2

0.60.6

51 ft2

51 ft230.6 W30.6 W

Copy Room

Office Area > 250ft2

Office Area ≤ 250ft2

Classroom, Lecture, Training, VocationalMain Entry Lobby

Kitchen, Food PreparationCorridor, Restroom, Stair, & SupportCorridor, Restroom, Stair, & Support

Corridor, Restroom, Stair, & SupportCorridor, Restroom, Stair, & Support 0.6 89.25 ft2 53.7 W

1860 ft2


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Additional Lighting Wattage AllowanceREQUIRED FORMS:


C-3 Area Category Method Additional Lighting Wattage Allowance

1. Determine the allowed lighting power of each area according to Table

140.6-C.

2. Determine the square feet of the office primary function area.

For white board lighting, determine the linear feet of whiteboard

3. Calculate the wattage allowance by multiplying the square feet of each

area type by the additional watts allowed

4. Choose the smaller of either the newly calculated allowed watts or the

total design watts of the luminaire

5. Total the additional allowed watts.



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C-3. Area Category Method Additional Lighting Wattage Allowance

Classroom

Main Entry Lobby

7 ft

228 ft2

5.5 W/LF

0.5 W/ft2

38.5 W

114 W

Whiteboard Lighting: Finelite Muro Wall Mount 45.2 W 38.5 W

Ornamental: Philips Ledino Cinta Suspended Luminaire

61 W

22.5 W 22.5 W


Total Lighting Power AllowanceREQUIRED FORMS:


C-1 Area Category Method Total Lighting Power Allowances

Calculate the adjusted installed lighting power by adding the additional lighting

wattage allowance to the general lighting power allowance.

1,609 W + 61 W = 1,670 W total allowed lighting power


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Summary of Allowed LIGHTING POWER

1,670 W


2. Installed Lighting PowerREQUIRED FORMS:


C. Indoor Lighting Schedule and Field Inspection Energy Checklist

The installed lighting power includes all planned permanent and portable

lighting. Complete the lighting schedule in “H. Indoor Lighting Schedule and

Field Inspection Energy Checklist" to determine the total to use for compliance

purposes.


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C. Indoor Lighting Schedule andField Inspection Energy Checklist

2x2 LED Recessed Troffer 35 W x 12 420 W Office Area > 250ft2

Office Area > 250ft2




45” LED Undercabinet Lighting2x2 LED Recessed Troffer

LED Task LightLED Suspended Luminaire

12.2 W35 W6.5 W

22.5 W

xxxx

10311

122 W105 W6.5 W

22.5 W

#####

6” LED Recessed Downlight 12 W x 4 48 W Classroom, Lecture, Training

Classroom, Lecture, Training

Classroom, Lecture, Training8’ LED Suspended Luminaire

8’ LED Linear Wall Mount Luminaire85 W

45.2 W

xx

103

85 W45.2 W

###


C. Indoor Lighting Schedule andField Inspection Energy Checklist

1,270.7 W

Main Entry Lobby

Main Entry Lobby

Main Entry Lobby

6” LED Recessed DownlightLED Pendant

LED Suspended Luminaire

12 W22.5 W10 W

xxx

513

60 W22.5 W30 W

###

Corridor, Restroom, Support Area

Corridor, Restroom, Support Area1x4 T8 Fluorescent Recessed Troffer2x4 T8 Fluorescent Recessed Troffer

28 W54 W

xx

42

112 W108 W

Corridor, Restroom, Support Area6” LED Recessed Downlight 12 W x 3 36 WCorridor, Restroom, Support AreaLED Wall Sconce 8 W x 6 48 W

####


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1,670 W

1,270.7 W


3. Installed Portable Luminaires in OfficesREQUIRED FORMS:


B. Installed Portable Luminaires in Offices—Exception to Section 140.6(a)

When calculating actual lighting power, there is an exception to Section 140.6(a) that states

that up to 0.3 watts per square foot of portable lighting for office areas shall not be required to

be included in the calculation of actual indoor Lighting Power Density.

• For the Complete Building Method, include the total wattage for portable lighting into the

installed lighting total.

• This section is used to determine if greater than 0.3 W of portable lighting is planned for

any office.

Two portable luminaires in the offices:

• LED undercabinet lighting in the open office area

• LED task light in the private office


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3. Installed Portable Luminaires in OfficesREQUIRED FORMS:


B. Installed Portable Luminaires in Offices—Exception to Section 140.6(a)

Two portable luminaires in the offices

• LED undercabinet lighting in the open office area

• LED task light in the private office

1. Multiply the watts per luminaire by the number of luminaires to determine installed

portable luminaire watts in this office.

2. Determine the square feet of each office primary function area.

3. Divide the installed portable luminaire watts by the square feet of the office to determine

watts per square foot.

4. Determine accountable wattage by multiplying the square feet of the office primary

function area by the watts per square feet. If the watts per square foot is ≤ 0.3, claim 0 W

of accountable watts for installed portable luminaires.


3. Installed Portable Luminaires in Offices

Undercabinet

Task Light 6.5 W

12.2 W 10 122 W

1 6.5 W

532

222

0.23

0.03

0

0

0

Open Office

Private Office


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1,670 W

1,270.7 W

0 W


4. LIGHTING CONTROL CREDITSREQUIRED FORMS:


Mandatory and Prescriptive Indoor Lighting Control Schedule,

PAF Calculation, and Field Inspection Checklist

This lighting plan does not exceed the mandatory requirements for lighting controls

• Partial-ON occupancy controls in the restrooms and copy room

Complies with §130.1(a), §130.1(c), and §140.6(a)2

• Combined manual dimming plus partial-ON occupant sensing control in the conference

room controlling pendants and suspended luminaire

Complies with §130.1(a), §130.1(b), §130.1(c), §130.1(d), and §140.6(a)2


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Mandatory and Prescriptive Indoor Lighting Control Schedule, PAF Calculation, and Field Inspection Checklist

Restroom #1 Partial-ON occupancy SensorRestroom #1 Partial-ON occupancy SensorCopy Room Partial-ON occupancy Sensor

111

Conference Room Combined Manual Dimming and Partial-ON

Occupancy Sensor

1


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5. ADJUSTED LIGHTING POWERREQUIRED FORMS:



Use the "Summary of Allowed Lighting Power" in Form NRCC-LTI-01-E to

calculate the adjusted installed lighting power by adding the portable lighting and subtracting the

lighting control credits from the total installed lighting.

1,270.2 W + 0 W – 0 W = 1,270.2 W total adjusted installed lighting power


6. Compare Adjusted Installed Lighting Power to Allowed Lighting Power

1,670 W

1,270.7 W

0 W

0 W

1,270.7 W

Our lighting plan is compliant.

REQUIRED FORMS:




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COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD


COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD

The Complete Building Method may only be used on projects involving entire

buildings with one primary type of use or in mixed-use buildings or tenant spaces

where 90% of the spaces have one primary use.

This is the simplest way to comply with the standards, and many will attempt this

method first before trying one of the two more complex methods.

(TABLE 140.6-B) X (floor area of entire building) = Allowed Lighting Power

127


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LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCEREQUIRED FORMS:


B. Complete Building Method Lighting Power Allowance

1. Determine the allowed lighting power density of an office building according

to Table 140.6-B.

2. Multiply the allowed lighting power density by the area of the space.


LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCE


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B. Complete Building Method Lighting Power Allowance

Office Building 0.8 W/ft2 1,944 ft2 1,555.2 W

1,555.2 W

1,555.2 W

1,555.2 W


Summary of Allowed LIGHTING POWERREQUIRED FORMS:




1,555 W

1,270 W

0 W

0 W

1,270.2 W


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TAILORED METHOD


TAILORED METHOD

133

This is the most granular of the three methods.

• Allowances for each area (just like area category)

• Allowances for display and task lighting within an area

Allowed lighting power is determined by the occupancy type and the

physical characteristics (e.g. ceiling height) of a space.

See Table 140.6-D for details.


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TAILORED METHOD ALLOWANCES

134

The Tailored Method adds additional lighting power allowances for:

• Wall displays

• Floor displays

• Task lighting

• Ornamental/special effects lighting

• Very valuable display cases

These lighting power allowances cannot be used in any space other than the

display or task area. Any wattage not covered by these allowances must be

deducted from the general lighting allowance for that area.


ALTERATION COMPLIANCE


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TITLE 24 TRIGGERS – INTERIOR ALTERATIONS2016 Indoor Luminaire Component Modification: >70 per floor/tenant per year changed fixtures: 3 or more fixtures per room

Entire Luminaire Alterations: >10% moved, changed, replaced fixtures: 3 or more fixtures per room

Mandatory Control

Table 141.0-E Reduced installed wattage from existing method*

§141.0(b)2Jii

Adding to connected

load or remodeling

Reduced LPD(§140.6) ≤85% of allowable

Reduced LPD (§140.6)>85-100% of allowable

Area device (on/off):§130.1(a)1,2,3

YesExcluding 130.1(a)4: separately

controlled lighting systems.

YesExcluding 130.1(a)4: separately

controlled lighting systems.

YesExcluding 130.1(a)4: separately controlled lighting

systems.Yes

Multi-level control: §130.1(b)

Yes2 level or 130.1(b)Only for modified

luminaires

YesOnly for modified luminaires No Yes

Auto shut-off control: §130.1(c)

Yes Yes

Yes: auto shut-off all building types.Partial-OFF required for warehouse

and parking garagesPartial-OFF excluded at:130.1(c)6B: libraries / 130.1(c)6C:/7A stairs/corridors 130.1(c)8: Hotel/Motel guest rm 30 min. controls N/A

Yes

Daylighting control: §130.1(d) No Yes

Only for modified luminaires No Yes

Demand response: §130.1(e) No Yes No Yes

Acceptance test technician required when any number of controls for >20 fixtures being added for project*50% Office, retail and hotel occupancies / *35% All other occupancies


50/35 REDUCED WATTAGE METHOD

137

New compliance pathway for 2016 standards:

• A retrofit project may bypass additional multilevel and some occupancy

control requirements by installing new products that achieve a minimum

of 35% power reduction at full output as compared to the luminaires they

replaced.

• For hotel, office and retail occupancies, the reduction must be at least

50%.

• New form introduced for this compliance pathway

2016-NRCC-LTI-06-E


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2016-NRCC-LTI-06-E

138

4-lamp T8, 32 W, 2x4, Rapid Start Ballast, Normal Output 114 W 30

1710


2016-NRCC-LTI-06-E

139

1,270 W

0 W

0 W

1,270 W


1,710 W


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EXTERIOR SPACES

140

Photo: Cree


LIGHTING ZONES

Lighting Zone 0: Underdeveloped areas in parks and preserves

Ambient Illumination: Dark Sky

Where no continuous lighting is intended. Sites may utilize a single luminaire of 15 Watts of less at

entrances to parking lots, trail heads, or other areas in order to safely illuminate site facilities.

Lighting Zone 1: Government parks, recreation areas, and wildlife preserves

Ambient Illumination: Dark

The local entity with authority over the property will know if the property is a government designated

park, recreation area, or wildlife preserve. If the park is within a rural or urban area, it can be

considered a part of lighting zone two or three.

Lighting Zone 2: Rural Areas

Ambient Illumination: Low

Rural areas include any population, housing, and territory that contain

less than 2,500 people.

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LIGHTING ZONES

Lighting Zone 3: Urban Areas

Ambient Illumination: Medium

An urban area is a densely settled core of census tracts that contain at least 2,500 people.

Lighting Zone 4: Special Use District

Ambient Illumination: High

This zone may be created by a local government through application to the California

Energy Commission and is used for special area types that require a particularly high

amount of light.

142


LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES

The allowed lighting power for a space is determined by measuring the

area of the installation and multiplying by the lighting power allowance for

that space.

The actual lighting power is the total watts of all non-exempt lighting

systems (including ballast, driver, or transformer losses).

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When determining allowed lighting power, the number of

luminaires, their mounting heights, and their layout affect

the size of the illuminated area and thus the allowed

lighting power for a space.

The illuminated area is any hardscape area within a

square around each luminaire or pole, less any

obstructions. The size of this square is 10 times the

luminaire mounting height, with the luminaire in the

middle of the square.

144



There are three major areas that are considered when determining the allowed lighting

power for a space:

Area Wattage Allowances (AWA)

The Area Wattage Allowance is determined for the total illuminated hardscape area.

Linear Wattage Allowances (LWA)

The Linear Wattage Allowance is determined for the total perimeter length of the

hardscape. The total hardscape perimeter does not include areas that are not

illuminated.

Initial Wattage Allowances (IWA)

The Initial Wattage Allowance may be used once per project site.

The IWA provides additional wattage for small sites or for unusual hardscape

geometries.

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146


PLANTERS AND LANDSCAPE AREAS

147

Planters and small landscape areas are included within the

general hardscape area as long as the width or length of

the inclusion is less than 10 ft., and the inclusion is

bordered on at least three sides.

Landscape areas that are greater than 10 ft. in both width

and length are excluded from the general hardscape area

calculation, but the perimeter of these exclusions may be

included in the linear wattage allowance (LWA) calculation


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Calculate the total power allowance for area!

148


Calculate the total power allowance for area!

149


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NRCC-LTO-01-E: Overview of Compliance

150


NRCC-LTO-03-E: Wattage Allowances

151


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NRCC-LTO-04-E: Existing Wattages

152

PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH - California Lighting Technology …PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH | SECTION 5 ACTUAL...

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