Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby...

8
TURNING POINTS n Preparing for Baby

Transcript of Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby...

Page 1: Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby child-care costs. Those should be fairly easy to determine: You can call child-care

T u r n i n g thinspp o i n T s thinspn

Preparing for Baby

Turning Points 2 Preparing for Baby

Questionsn What should we do first

n How can we afford a baby

n Will health insurance cover the birth

n What kind of leave will we get

n Does FMLA protect my job

n Can I use short-term disability insurance for maternity leave

n How do I add my baby to my health insurance

n Does a flex plan help cover child-care expenses

n What are the other tax benefits of having a child

n Do we need a will

n Do I need a Social Security number for my baby

n Do we need life insurance

n Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differently

n How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college education

Having a baby is a big step in a relationship

Itrsquos usually a time of great joy hope and

excitement For many though itrsquos also a time

of uncertainty and anxiety Yet before you

grapple with decisions about going back to

work adding insurance or starting college

funds take a close look at your household

finances

What should we do firstIf yoursquore already having baby budget blues

(and even if yoursquore not) you need to do three

things before baby arrives Spend less save

more and pay down debt These steps not

only will increase your net worth theyrsquoll

also ease the transition to one income if you

or your spouse plan to stay home with the

baby or the transition to reduced income if

you will pay for child care

Increasing your net worth also positions you

better to handle the unexpected expenses

that crop up when you have children says

Adele Brady Bolson a certified public

accountant (CPA) in Bellevue Wash

And things always crop up Visits to the

emergency room and even an unexpected

car repair could throw you for a loop when

money is tight if you donrsquot have a rainy-day

fund

How can we afford a babyTherersquos an old adage that if everyone waited

until they could afford children no one

would have them Many expectant parents

worry about the impact a baby will have on

their finances many fear that they will not

be able to adjust their lifestyles to fit their

reduced income and yet many make the

transition

While the costs of gear clothing and diapers

and food and formula are not insignificant

the real impact on your budget comes not

from spending more but from earning less

Unless you have a family member who plans

to care for your baby at little or no cost you

either will lose an entire income if one parent

stays home or pay a large monthly sum for

child care if both parents return to work

Consider the net income you would lose

if one parent stayed home Bolson says

couples often overestimate the impact of

losing a salary because they look at gross

income not after-tax take-home dollars

Factor in any incidental costs of working

including gas for commuting lunches eaten

out clothing and dry-cleaning bills higher

taxes and any other work-related expenses

to calculate the true impact of a second

salary

If both parents plan to go back to work then

you know that your budget must absorb set

Get a Head Start With Financial Baby Talk

by Jennifer Garrett

Turning Points 3 Preparing for Baby

child-care costs Those should be fairly easy

to determine You can call child-care centers

nanny agencies and in-home child-care

providers (often listed in classifieds or in

listings compiled by local licensing agencies)

to inquire about fees

Of course there also is all the stuff you need

to buy In addition to the crib car seat and

stroller there are monthly expenses such

as diapers and possibly formula that add

up quickly Lifestyle trade-offs like cooking

at home instead of ordering take-out

borrowing DVDs from the library instead of

renting and borrowing or buying used baby

gear and clothing can offset some of the

increased costs associated with a baby

Second-hand stores and online classifieds

like craigslist also are good resources

for frugal parents For big items Bolson

recommends shopping for safety over

style For example she says a safe car

seat (the American Academy of Pediatrics

recommends avoiding buying used car seats

if you donrsquot know the seatrsquos history) should

be a priority but a totally redecorated

nursery with expensive furniture and

bedding isnrsquot Donrsquot confuse what you want

with what you need

If the math doesnrsquot quite add up make an

appointment with a financial planner CPA

or other adviser who can walk you through

various tax deductions and other savings

opportunities that might make your budget

more workable A budget counselor at your

credit union also may be able to help

Sometimes adjusting withholdings and

considering flex-spending options can make

the difference If you canrsquot see how to make

it work and you still want a baby you might

need to look at cutting fixed expenses

such as mortgages or car loans by moving

to a less expensive house or driving more

modest vehicles

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising

your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online

ldquoCost of Raising Your Childrdquo calculator

Will health insurance cover the birthItrsquos best to know what kind of coverage you

have before you get pregnant Some plans

might not cover prenatal care in which

case you might want to explore taking out

a supplemental policy that does But you

have to do it before yoursquore pregnant or the

pregnancy most likely will be considered a

pre-existing condition and will be excluded

So make an appointment with your

benefits specialist or HR (human resources)

representative If your insurance is through

your spousersquos employer and yoursquore

uncomfortable contacting someone at that

workplace call the number on the back of

your insurance card and speak directly with

the carrier Or visit the carrierrsquos Web site

Seattle HR consultant Jenny Broome says

most carriers have a wealth of information

online ldquoYou can get online and you can

put your group number in and you can look

at your particular plan and surf to what

you needrdquo Broome says ldquoItrsquos all about

knowledge and knowing where to go to get

the information you needrdquo

What kind of leave will we getMaternity and paternity leave varies from

company to company and state to state

Broome points out that for example

California offers up to six weeks of paid

leave Microsoft provides employees with

four weeks of maternity and paternity leave

For most individuals leave is a combination

of accrued personal vacation and sick time

along with disability insurance any state

benefits and unpaid time off So ask at work

about what is available and make sure you

understand what is paid and what is unpaid

If you get health insurance through your

employer and you go on unpaid leave

ask about how premiums are paid in your

absence

Family expenditures on a child by single-parent and husband-wife households 2009

Singe parent $149760

Husband-wife $160410

Source United States Agriculture DepartmentmdashCenter for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Turning Points 4 Preparing for Baby

Does FMLA protect my jobIf you work for an employer with more than

50 employees and have worked at the

company for at least one year your employer

must allow you to take up to 12 weeks of

leave according to the Family Medical Leave

Act (FMLA) You will probably have to cobble

that together with vacation and sick time

plus unpaid leave but your employer cannot

terminate or otherwise penalize you for taking

the full 12 weeks to bond with your baby

Can I use short-term disability insurance for maternity leaveA new birth mother generally can use short-

term disability insurance if she has it Short-

term disability insurance replaces part of

your income while yoursquore on leave Some

employers offer it and you can elect to carry

it independently in which case yoursquoll pay

a monthly premium Some states such as

California offer it as well Coverage typically

lasts around six weeks but some plans run

longer Complications or C-section births can

extend coverage as well

Since coverage varies in both amount

and duration review your policy before

getting pregnant If you find your coverage

insufficient you may want to add a

supplemental policy Requirements for using

the insurance also vary with some plans

requiring you to exhaust vacation and sick

leave before tapping in to your insurance

benefit Others have waiting periods and

require that you be away from work for a

defined period of time before drawing the

benefit

In most instances fathers and adoptive

parents cannot use short-term disability

insurance for any of their paternity or

maternity leave notes Kevin Jacobs

assistant vice chancellor for human

resources at the University of Colorado-

Denver The ldquodisabilityrdquo stems from having

given birth and therefore only applies to

biological mothers

Your employerrsquos HR representative might

not offer information about supplemental

insurance plans so be proactive and contact

an insurance agent on your own if yoursquore

serious about adding short-term disability

coverage Just because your employer

doesnrsquot offer it doesnrsquot mean you canrsquot get it

How do I add my baby to my health insuranceCoverage usually is retroactive to birth as

long as you add the child to the policy within

the required time frame (usually 30 or 31

days but the time is specific to your plan)

Some plans require that you notify your

employermdashif you have employer-sponsored

health caremdashand your insurance company

If you miss your deadline insurance wonrsquot

cover the babyrsquos expenses and yoursquoll have to

wait until open enrollment to enroll the baby

Jacobs cautions parents from assuming a

Estimated annual expenditures on children born in 2009 by income group overall United States

Income group

Year Age Lowest Middle Highest

2009 lt1 $8570 $11700 $19410

2010 1 8810 12030 19950

2011 2 9050 12360 20510

2012 3 9370 12740 21080

2013 4 9630 13090 21670

2014 5 9900 13460 22270

2015 6 9830 13740 22860

2016 7 10100 14120 23500

2017 8 10380 14520 24150

2018 9 11580 15910 25920

2019 10 11900 16350 26640

2020 11 12240 16810 27380

2021 12 13150 18210 29930

2022 13 13510 18720 30760

2023 14 13890 19240 31620

2024 15 14280 20440 35020

2025 16 14680 21010 36000

2026 17 15090 21600 37010

Total $205960 $286050 $475680

Estimates are for the younger child in husband-wife families with two children and assume an average annual inflation rate of 279 percent

Source United States Agriculture DepartmentmdashCenter for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Turning Points 5 Preparing for Baby

fax or e-mail transmission went through and

instead recommends calling to confirm that

the child is enrolled

Does a flex plan help cover child-care expensesMany employers offer flex plans that allow

you to set aside pre-tax dollars (per child)

to spend on qualified child-care expenses

Child-care centers and preschools usually

qualify In-home providers will too as long

as they report the income

If you choose not to use flex spending you

can take the amount for child-care expenses

as a tax deduction but financial planners

like Kathy Longo who works in Edina Minn

prefer flex spending because it keeps the

income off the tax return altogether and

allows the parents to incorporate the money

into monthly budgets

Yoursquoll have to fill out paperwork to start a

flex account and the required forms and

procedures vary from employer to employer

Many parents will spend money faster than

their accounts build up and reimbursements

will be spread out over the entire year even

if they spend all the money within the first

five months

Be careful when estimating child-care

expenses If you estimate too high and donrsquot

spend what you thought you would on child

care yoursquoll still be out the full amount placed

in the flexible spending account

What are the other tax benefits of having a childParents generally are eligible for a tax

deduction for each of their children Check

the IRS (Internal Revenue Service) Web site

for deduction amounts and gross income

qualifications Adoptive parents generally

may claim an additional credit as well

Do we need a willYes A will ensures proper transfer of your

assets and more important minimizes

the stress and disruption for your children

if both you and your spouse die

Without a will relatives could

disagree over where children

should go even if you

had verbal agreements

or understanding with

all family members

involved In that case

the child could end

up in foster care

until the court

settles the matter

One will can cover both parents but itrsquos

not a good idea says Indiana probate

attorney Arlene Kline (who calls joint wills

ldquouncommonrdquo and ldquodangerousrdquo) When one

spouse dies a joint will locks the other

spouse into the terms If a spouse dies very

young that means the

surviving spouse could

never change the will

even if life circumstances

change dramatically for

example the surviving

spouse remarries Itrsquos better

to have a will for each parent

and the wills should have

identical provisions in case both

parents die

Choosing a legal guardian for your childrenWhen creating a will one of the most challenging steps can be designating a guardian to take care of your children if you and your spouse die

Indiana probate attorney Arlene Kline advises parents to consider many factors when naming a physical guardian Grandparents often are a natural choice since they frequently maintain the closest relationships with your children However they may not feel able or be willing to raise children during their retirement Also factor in geography Itrsquos incredibly traumatic for a child to lose her parents but even worse if she has to move across the country and away from friends and a familiar school to live with relatives

Regardless Kline recommends discussing the matter with whomever you would like to name as guardians so they arenrsquot taken by surprise if something happens to you

Also keep in mind that laws vary from state to state In Indiana a judge does not have to appoint the guardian you name in your will Some individuals are legally ineligiblemdashagain in Indiana no one ever convicted of a felony can serve as a guardian So Kline suggests asking and naming secondary and tertiary choices in case your first pick declines or is deemed ineligible

Sometimes the guardian of your children and the trustee of your testamentary trust (or guardian of your estate) is the same person but you donrsquot have to do it that way Kline says If a brother is great with kids but terrible with money you can designate your shrewd aunt to handle the finances and let the two relatives work things out as they go

Turning Points 6 Preparing for Baby

Kline recommends waiting until the baby is

born before drafting the will Most states

recognize provisions that cover future

children but your will can be much more

specific about how your assets pass and

then are managed if you wait until you have

a name and Social Security number for your

child

Wills cover a lot of ground and each covers

unique assets and personal territory

However Kline says a will has two specific

purposes with respect to young children

1 The first is to name a guardian for the

children This guardian is the person who

will house feed shelter nurture educate

and otherwise raise your child should

something happen to both parents

2 The second purpose is to designate which

of your assets will pass to your child and

how they will be managed

The cost of drawing up a will varies

Working with an attorney can cost anywhere

from a few hundred to a few thousand

dollars depending on your market and the

complexity of your wills

Do I need a Social Security number for my babyNo You donrsquot have to apply for a Social

Security number (SSN) However most

parents do because you need one to claim

child-related tax deductions and credits to

add the child to your health plan to open

investment vehicles like 529 plans or to

purchase US savings bonds

If you give birth in a hospital chances are

that the hospital will give you (the mother)

a birth registration form Just check the

box to indicate that you want an SSN for

your baby Yoursquoll have to provide SSNs for

both parents to complete the form but the

hospital usually will process it with the rest of

your paperwork Once the card is issued the

Social Security Administration (SSA) will mail

it to the address you provided on the form

If you didnrsquot apply for a Social Security

card in the hospital then you can get a

card from the SSA Form SS-5 is available

online In most cases all you have to do is

print it fill it out and mail it in In some

cases you may need to take the application

to a local Social Security office or a Social

Security Card Center if one serves your area

Visit socialsecuritygov to find local office

addresses and phone numbers Be sure to

determine if you need to file in person before

you mail off the form as mistakes can delay

the process

If yoursquore adopting domestically and the baby

or child does not have an SSN you can apply

for one at any time even if the adoption is

not complete However the Social Security

Administration recommends waiting until

the adoption is complete so

that you can use the childrsquos

new name However

you can fill out Form

W-7A (Application

for Taxpayer

Identification

Number for Pending

US Adoptions)

while the adoption

is pending if you want

to claim the child for tax

purposes

If yoursquore adopting internationally you must

wait until the adoption is complete and the

child has entered the country

Do we need life insuranceFor most couples this definitely is a

question of what type of life insurance to

buy and not whether to get any Regardless

of whether just one or both of you will be

working when the baby arrives consider

how each spouse would manage if the

other passes away In most cases even

the nonworking spouse should be insured

While he or she may not have an income the

working spouse would have to cover child-

care expenses if the at-home parent were no

longer available to care for the child

The actual dollar amount of life insurance

yoursquoll need depends on individual

circumstances To come up with a reliable

What about disability insuranceMany couples overlook disability insurance Perhaps they assume disability insurance that an employer provides is adequate or they donrsquot consider the possibility that injury or

illness will prevent one of them from working or fulfilling

household duties Kevin Simpson manager of life and health product marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which provides insurance and financial services

to credit unions and their members) Waverly Iowa

says disability insurance is a critical component of a sound

financial plan He explains that parents of young children are more likely to become disabled than they are to die and disability often causes greater financial hardship for families than does the death of a spouse

Disability insurance is either short term or long term Many employers offer one or both but coverage may not be what you want or need Review what you have and discuss with an adviser what kind of additional coverage would be sensible

Turning Points 7 Preparing for Baby

figure meet with a financial adviser to

review your income expenses and any

educational goals or plans for your children

Factor in monthly mortgage auto loan

student loan and other debt payments

Consider other monthly payments including

food clothing utilities entertainment

insurance premiums and so on Donrsquot forget

annual real estate taxes

Yoursquoll also have to consider types of life

insurance Termthinsplifethinspinsurance is less

expensive while wholethinsplifethinspinsurance

accumulates cash value over time For young

families on a budget term insurance often

makes the most sense However Kevin

Simpson manager of life and health product

marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which

provides insurance and financial services to

credit unions and their members) Waverly

Iowa recommends exploring options with

an adviser as many carriers offer convertible

policies and other choices beyond the simple

term and whole life options

Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differentlyOnce adopted legally a child is treated the

same as any biological children However itrsquos

often during the period between placement

and when the adoption is finalized that

parents may encounter trouble says Chicago

adoption attorney Kathleen Hogan Morrison

Check health-insurance policies to see how

and when they begin coverage Morrison

advises Some extend coverage from date

of birth but others require proof of a

placement agreement a court order or other

documentation She also notes that ERISA

(Employee Retirement Income Security Act)

protects adopted children in that if your

health insurance would cover a biological

child it also must cover an adopted child

Maternity and paternity leave can be tricky

as well Morrison says Short-term disability

is not available to adoptive parents While

FMLA may offer the opportunity for unpaid

leave some employers are not governed by

the act Others simply donrsquot treat adoptive

parents the same way they do biological

parents

The bottom line Know your rights know

your policies and advocate for yourself and

your child

How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college educationAny kind of savings account or vehicle will

work Bolson says but education-specific

investments often offer desirable tax

advantages

There are two main ways to save for a childrsquos

education The Coverdell Education Savings

Account (ESA) and a 529 plan

Bolson likes Coverdell ESAs which can be

opened at almost any credit union and tend

to have more flexible investment options and

lower fees than 529 plans Contributions are

not tax-deductible but earnings grow tax-

free You can use funds for any educational

expense such as private high-school tuition

whereas 529 plans are just for college-level

education However Coverdell Accounts

also have lower contribution limits than 529

plans

Longo likes the 529 plans because she says

they offer the most tax advantages ldquoThe

money in there will grow tax freerdquo she says

ldquoWhen you take it out all of those earnings

come out tax freerdquo

There are other types of vehicles to use for

saving for college as well such as Roth IRAs

custodial accounts and trusts Talk to the

professionals at your credit union or your

financial planner for more information

You can begin building your education

nest egg at any time but you need a Social

Security number and name for 529 plans

and some other investments You can always

start the plans naming another child as a

beneficiary but yoursquod have to amend the

plan once your child is born Itrsquos easier to

wait until the birth

You can save as much you want in various

savings vehicles but most of the education-

specific savings options have limits

Longo cautions parents from

overcontributing college funds at the

expense of other needs ldquoYou can borrow

for college but you canrsquot borrow for

retirementrdquo she says noting that 529 plans

have stiff penalties for early withdrawals for

unqualified expenses ldquoMake sure you have

both [retirement and college] covered before

you start putting everything into the college

fundrdquo

How much does it cost to adopt a babyAdoption fees vary widely and itrsquos hard to pinpoint a figure However according to data

from Adoptive Families magazine nearly half of domestic newborn adoptions cost less

than $20000 and the majority cost less than $25000 Alternately more than 75 of

international adoptions cost more than $20000

If you need help with these expenses talk to a loan officer at your credit union

For more information about the costs and details associated with adoption visit

theadoptionguidecom

Turning Points 8 Preparing for Baby

Useful resources

copy2009 Credit Union National Association the trade association for credit unions in the US

babycentercom has a wealth of information on all things baby from finances to formula to friendship and beyond

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online ldquoCostthinspofthinspraisingthinspYourthinspChildrdquothinspcalculator

www360financialliteracyorg a consumer finance Web site published by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants offers

money-saving strategies for families at all stages

Visit the US Labor Departmentrsquos ldquoLifethinspChangesthinsprequirethinspHealththinspChoicesthinspKnowthinspYourthinspBenefitthinspoptionsrdquo for pregnancy childbirth and

adoption information

Parentsregthinspmagazine offers advice about money matters when raising kids

Page 2: Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby child-care costs. Those should be fairly easy to determine: You can call child-care

Turning Points 2 Preparing for Baby

Questionsn What should we do first

n How can we afford a baby

n Will health insurance cover the birth

n What kind of leave will we get

n Does FMLA protect my job

n Can I use short-term disability insurance for maternity leave

n How do I add my baby to my health insurance

n Does a flex plan help cover child-care expenses

n What are the other tax benefits of having a child

n Do we need a will

n Do I need a Social Security number for my baby

n Do we need life insurance

n Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differently

n How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college education

Having a baby is a big step in a relationship

Itrsquos usually a time of great joy hope and

excitement For many though itrsquos also a time

of uncertainty and anxiety Yet before you

grapple with decisions about going back to

work adding insurance or starting college

funds take a close look at your household

finances

What should we do firstIf yoursquore already having baby budget blues

(and even if yoursquore not) you need to do three

things before baby arrives Spend less save

more and pay down debt These steps not

only will increase your net worth theyrsquoll

also ease the transition to one income if you

or your spouse plan to stay home with the

baby or the transition to reduced income if

you will pay for child care

Increasing your net worth also positions you

better to handle the unexpected expenses

that crop up when you have children says

Adele Brady Bolson a certified public

accountant (CPA) in Bellevue Wash

And things always crop up Visits to the

emergency room and even an unexpected

car repair could throw you for a loop when

money is tight if you donrsquot have a rainy-day

fund

How can we afford a babyTherersquos an old adage that if everyone waited

until they could afford children no one

would have them Many expectant parents

worry about the impact a baby will have on

their finances many fear that they will not

be able to adjust their lifestyles to fit their

reduced income and yet many make the

transition

While the costs of gear clothing and diapers

and food and formula are not insignificant

the real impact on your budget comes not

from spending more but from earning less

Unless you have a family member who plans

to care for your baby at little or no cost you

either will lose an entire income if one parent

stays home or pay a large monthly sum for

child care if both parents return to work

Consider the net income you would lose

if one parent stayed home Bolson says

couples often overestimate the impact of

losing a salary because they look at gross

income not after-tax take-home dollars

Factor in any incidental costs of working

including gas for commuting lunches eaten

out clothing and dry-cleaning bills higher

taxes and any other work-related expenses

to calculate the true impact of a second

salary

If both parents plan to go back to work then

you know that your budget must absorb set

Get a Head Start With Financial Baby Talk

by Jennifer Garrett

Turning Points 3 Preparing for Baby

child-care costs Those should be fairly easy

to determine You can call child-care centers

nanny agencies and in-home child-care

providers (often listed in classifieds or in

listings compiled by local licensing agencies)

to inquire about fees

Of course there also is all the stuff you need

to buy In addition to the crib car seat and

stroller there are monthly expenses such

as diapers and possibly formula that add

up quickly Lifestyle trade-offs like cooking

at home instead of ordering take-out

borrowing DVDs from the library instead of

renting and borrowing or buying used baby

gear and clothing can offset some of the

increased costs associated with a baby

Second-hand stores and online classifieds

like craigslist also are good resources

for frugal parents For big items Bolson

recommends shopping for safety over

style For example she says a safe car

seat (the American Academy of Pediatrics

recommends avoiding buying used car seats

if you donrsquot know the seatrsquos history) should

be a priority but a totally redecorated

nursery with expensive furniture and

bedding isnrsquot Donrsquot confuse what you want

with what you need

If the math doesnrsquot quite add up make an

appointment with a financial planner CPA

or other adviser who can walk you through

various tax deductions and other savings

opportunities that might make your budget

more workable A budget counselor at your

credit union also may be able to help

Sometimes adjusting withholdings and

considering flex-spending options can make

the difference If you canrsquot see how to make

it work and you still want a baby you might

need to look at cutting fixed expenses

such as mortgages or car loans by moving

to a less expensive house or driving more

modest vehicles

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising

your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online

ldquoCost of Raising Your Childrdquo calculator

Will health insurance cover the birthItrsquos best to know what kind of coverage you

have before you get pregnant Some plans

might not cover prenatal care in which

case you might want to explore taking out

a supplemental policy that does But you

have to do it before yoursquore pregnant or the

pregnancy most likely will be considered a

pre-existing condition and will be excluded

So make an appointment with your

benefits specialist or HR (human resources)

representative If your insurance is through

your spousersquos employer and yoursquore

uncomfortable contacting someone at that

workplace call the number on the back of

your insurance card and speak directly with

the carrier Or visit the carrierrsquos Web site

Seattle HR consultant Jenny Broome says

most carriers have a wealth of information

online ldquoYou can get online and you can

put your group number in and you can look

at your particular plan and surf to what

you needrdquo Broome says ldquoItrsquos all about

knowledge and knowing where to go to get

the information you needrdquo

What kind of leave will we getMaternity and paternity leave varies from

company to company and state to state

Broome points out that for example

California offers up to six weeks of paid

leave Microsoft provides employees with

four weeks of maternity and paternity leave

For most individuals leave is a combination

of accrued personal vacation and sick time

along with disability insurance any state

benefits and unpaid time off So ask at work

about what is available and make sure you

understand what is paid and what is unpaid

If you get health insurance through your

employer and you go on unpaid leave

ask about how premiums are paid in your

absence

Family expenditures on a child by single-parent and husband-wife households 2009

Singe parent $149760

Husband-wife $160410

Source United States Agriculture DepartmentmdashCenter for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Turning Points 4 Preparing for Baby

Does FMLA protect my jobIf you work for an employer with more than

50 employees and have worked at the

company for at least one year your employer

must allow you to take up to 12 weeks of

leave according to the Family Medical Leave

Act (FMLA) You will probably have to cobble

that together with vacation and sick time

plus unpaid leave but your employer cannot

terminate or otherwise penalize you for taking

the full 12 weeks to bond with your baby

Can I use short-term disability insurance for maternity leaveA new birth mother generally can use short-

term disability insurance if she has it Short-

term disability insurance replaces part of

your income while yoursquore on leave Some

employers offer it and you can elect to carry

it independently in which case yoursquoll pay

a monthly premium Some states such as

California offer it as well Coverage typically

lasts around six weeks but some plans run

longer Complications or C-section births can

extend coverage as well

Since coverage varies in both amount

and duration review your policy before

getting pregnant If you find your coverage

insufficient you may want to add a

supplemental policy Requirements for using

the insurance also vary with some plans

requiring you to exhaust vacation and sick

leave before tapping in to your insurance

benefit Others have waiting periods and

require that you be away from work for a

defined period of time before drawing the

benefit

In most instances fathers and adoptive

parents cannot use short-term disability

insurance for any of their paternity or

maternity leave notes Kevin Jacobs

assistant vice chancellor for human

resources at the University of Colorado-

Denver The ldquodisabilityrdquo stems from having

given birth and therefore only applies to

biological mothers

Your employerrsquos HR representative might

not offer information about supplemental

insurance plans so be proactive and contact

an insurance agent on your own if yoursquore

serious about adding short-term disability

coverage Just because your employer

doesnrsquot offer it doesnrsquot mean you canrsquot get it

How do I add my baby to my health insuranceCoverage usually is retroactive to birth as

long as you add the child to the policy within

the required time frame (usually 30 or 31

days but the time is specific to your plan)

Some plans require that you notify your

employermdashif you have employer-sponsored

health caremdashand your insurance company

If you miss your deadline insurance wonrsquot

cover the babyrsquos expenses and yoursquoll have to

wait until open enrollment to enroll the baby

Jacobs cautions parents from assuming a

Estimated annual expenditures on children born in 2009 by income group overall United States

Income group

Year Age Lowest Middle Highest

2009 lt1 $8570 $11700 $19410

2010 1 8810 12030 19950

2011 2 9050 12360 20510

2012 3 9370 12740 21080

2013 4 9630 13090 21670

2014 5 9900 13460 22270

2015 6 9830 13740 22860

2016 7 10100 14120 23500

2017 8 10380 14520 24150

2018 9 11580 15910 25920

2019 10 11900 16350 26640

2020 11 12240 16810 27380

2021 12 13150 18210 29930

2022 13 13510 18720 30760

2023 14 13890 19240 31620

2024 15 14280 20440 35020

2025 16 14680 21010 36000

2026 17 15090 21600 37010

Total $205960 $286050 $475680

Estimates are for the younger child in husband-wife families with two children and assume an average annual inflation rate of 279 percent

Source United States Agriculture DepartmentmdashCenter for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Turning Points 5 Preparing for Baby

fax or e-mail transmission went through and

instead recommends calling to confirm that

the child is enrolled

Does a flex plan help cover child-care expensesMany employers offer flex plans that allow

you to set aside pre-tax dollars (per child)

to spend on qualified child-care expenses

Child-care centers and preschools usually

qualify In-home providers will too as long

as they report the income

If you choose not to use flex spending you

can take the amount for child-care expenses

as a tax deduction but financial planners

like Kathy Longo who works in Edina Minn

prefer flex spending because it keeps the

income off the tax return altogether and

allows the parents to incorporate the money

into monthly budgets

Yoursquoll have to fill out paperwork to start a

flex account and the required forms and

procedures vary from employer to employer

Many parents will spend money faster than

their accounts build up and reimbursements

will be spread out over the entire year even

if they spend all the money within the first

five months

Be careful when estimating child-care

expenses If you estimate too high and donrsquot

spend what you thought you would on child

care yoursquoll still be out the full amount placed

in the flexible spending account

What are the other tax benefits of having a childParents generally are eligible for a tax

deduction for each of their children Check

the IRS (Internal Revenue Service) Web site

for deduction amounts and gross income

qualifications Adoptive parents generally

may claim an additional credit as well

Do we need a willYes A will ensures proper transfer of your

assets and more important minimizes

the stress and disruption for your children

if both you and your spouse die

Without a will relatives could

disagree over where children

should go even if you

had verbal agreements

or understanding with

all family members

involved In that case

the child could end

up in foster care

until the court

settles the matter

One will can cover both parents but itrsquos

not a good idea says Indiana probate

attorney Arlene Kline (who calls joint wills

ldquouncommonrdquo and ldquodangerousrdquo) When one

spouse dies a joint will locks the other

spouse into the terms If a spouse dies very

young that means the

surviving spouse could

never change the will

even if life circumstances

change dramatically for

example the surviving

spouse remarries Itrsquos better

to have a will for each parent

and the wills should have

identical provisions in case both

parents die

Choosing a legal guardian for your childrenWhen creating a will one of the most challenging steps can be designating a guardian to take care of your children if you and your spouse die

Indiana probate attorney Arlene Kline advises parents to consider many factors when naming a physical guardian Grandparents often are a natural choice since they frequently maintain the closest relationships with your children However they may not feel able or be willing to raise children during their retirement Also factor in geography Itrsquos incredibly traumatic for a child to lose her parents but even worse if she has to move across the country and away from friends and a familiar school to live with relatives

Regardless Kline recommends discussing the matter with whomever you would like to name as guardians so they arenrsquot taken by surprise if something happens to you

Also keep in mind that laws vary from state to state In Indiana a judge does not have to appoint the guardian you name in your will Some individuals are legally ineligiblemdashagain in Indiana no one ever convicted of a felony can serve as a guardian So Kline suggests asking and naming secondary and tertiary choices in case your first pick declines or is deemed ineligible

Sometimes the guardian of your children and the trustee of your testamentary trust (or guardian of your estate) is the same person but you donrsquot have to do it that way Kline says If a brother is great with kids but terrible with money you can designate your shrewd aunt to handle the finances and let the two relatives work things out as they go

Turning Points 6 Preparing for Baby

Kline recommends waiting until the baby is

born before drafting the will Most states

recognize provisions that cover future

children but your will can be much more

specific about how your assets pass and

then are managed if you wait until you have

a name and Social Security number for your

child

Wills cover a lot of ground and each covers

unique assets and personal territory

However Kline says a will has two specific

purposes with respect to young children

1 The first is to name a guardian for the

children This guardian is the person who

will house feed shelter nurture educate

and otherwise raise your child should

something happen to both parents

2 The second purpose is to designate which

of your assets will pass to your child and

how they will be managed

The cost of drawing up a will varies

Working with an attorney can cost anywhere

from a few hundred to a few thousand

dollars depending on your market and the

complexity of your wills

Do I need a Social Security number for my babyNo You donrsquot have to apply for a Social

Security number (SSN) However most

parents do because you need one to claim

child-related tax deductions and credits to

add the child to your health plan to open

investment vehicles like 529 plans or to

purchase US savings bonds

If you give birth in a hospital chances are

that the hospital will give you (the mother)

a birth registration form Just check the

box to indicate that you want an SSN for

your baby Yoursquoll have to provide SSNs for

both parents to complete the form but the

hospital usually will process it with the rest of

your paperwork Once the card is issued the

Social Security Administration (SSA) will mail

it to the address you provided on the form

If you didnrsquot apply for a Social Security

card in the hospital then you can get a

card from the SSA Form SS-5 is available

online In most cases all you have to do is

print it fill it out and mail it in In some

cases you may need to take the application

to a local Social Security office or a Social

Security Card Center if one serves your area

Visit socialsecuritygov to find local office

addresses and phone numbers Be sure to

determine if you need to file in person before

you mail off the form as mistakes can delay

the process

If yoursquore adopting domestically and the baby

or child does not have an SSN you can apply

for one at any time even if the adoption is

not complete However the Social Security

Administration recommends waiting until

the adoption is complete so

that you can use the childrsquos

new name However

you can fill out Form

W-7A (Application

for Taxpayer

Identification

Number for Pending

US Adoptions)

while the adoption

is pending if you want

to claim the child for tax

purposes

If yoursquore adopting internationally you must

wait until the adoption is complete and the

child has entered the country

Do we need life insuranceFor most couples this definitely is a

question of what type of life insurance to

buy and not whether to get any Regardless

of whether just one or both of you will be

working when the baby arrives consider

how each spouse would manage if the

other passes away In most cases even

the nonworking spouse should be insured

While he or she may not have an income the

working spouse would have to cover child-

care expenses if the at-home parent were no

longer available to care for the child

The actual dollar amount of life insurance

yoursquoll need depends on individual

circumstances To come up with a reliable

What about disability insuranceMany couples overlook disability insurance Perhaps they assume disability insurance that an employer provides is adequate or they donrsquot consider the possibility that injury or

illness will prevent one of them from working or fulfilling

household duties Kevin Simpson manager of life and health product marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which provides insurance and financial services

to credit unions and their members) Waverly Iowa

says disability insurance is a critical component of a sound

financial plan He explains that parents of young children are more likely to become disabled than they are to die and disability often causes greater financial hardship for families than does the death of a spouse

Disability insurance is either short term or long term Many employers offer one or both but coverage may not be what you want or need Review what you have and discuss with an adviser what kind of additional coverage would be sensible

Turning Points 7 Preparing for Baby

figure meet with a financial adviser to

review your income expenses and any

educational goals or plans for your children

Factor in monthly mortgage auto loan

student loan and other debt payments

Consider other monthly payments including

food clothing utilities entertainment

insurance premiums and so on Donrsquot forget

annual real estate taxes

Yoursquoll also have to consider types of life

insurance Termthinsplifethinspinsurance is less

expensive while wholethinsplifethinspinsurance

accumulates cash value over time For young

families on a budget term insurance often

makes the most sense However Kevin

Simpson manager of life and health product

marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which

provides insurance and financial services to

credit unions and their members) Waverly

Iowa recommends exploring options with

an adviser as many carriers offer convertible

policies and other choices beyond the simple

term and whole life options

Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differentlyOnce adopted legally a child is treated the

same as any biological children However itrsquos

often during the period between placement

and when the adoption is finalized that

parents may encounter trouble says Chicago

adoption attorney Kathleen Hogan Morrison

Check health-insurance policies to see how

and when they begin coverage Morrison

advises Some extend coverage from date

of birth but others require proof of a

placement agreement a court order or other

documentation She also notes that ERISA

(Employee Retirement Income Security Act)

protects adopted children in that if your

health insurance would cover a biological

child it also must cover an adopted child

Maternity and paternity leave can be tricky

as well Morrison says Short-term disability

is not available to adoptive parents While

FMLA may offer the opportunity for unpaid

leave some employers are not governed by

the act Others simply donrsquot treat adoptive

parents the same way they do biological

parents

The bottom line Know your rights know

your policies and advocate for yourself and

your child

How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college educationAny kind of savings account or vehicle will

work Bolson says but education-specific

investments often offer desirable tax

advantages

There are two main ways to save for a childrsquos

education The Coverdell Education Savings

Account (ESA) and a 529 plan

Bolson likes Coverdell ESAs which can be

opened at almost any credit union and tend

to have more flexible investment options and

lower fees than 529 plans Contributions are

not tax-deductible but earnings grow tax-

free You can use funds for any educational

expense such as private high-school tuition

whereas 529 plans are just for college-level

education However Coverdell Accounts

also have lower contribution limits than 529

plans

Longo likes the 529 plans because she says

they offer the most tax advantages ldquoThe

money in there will grow tax freerdquo she says

ldquoWhen you take it out all of those earnings

come out tax freerdquo

There are other types of vehicles to use for

saving for college as well such as Roth IRAs

custodial accounts and trusts Talk to the

professionals at your credit union or your

financial planner for more information

You can begin building your education

nest egg at any time but you need a Social

Security number and name for 529 plans

and some other investments You can always

start the plans naming another child as a

beneficiary but yoursquod have to amend the

plan once your child is born Itrsquos easier to

wait until the birth

You can save as much you want in various

savings vehicles but most of the education-

specific savings options have limits

Longo cautions parents from

overcontributing college funds at the

expense of other needs ldquoYou can borrow

for college but you canrsquot borrow for

retirementrdquo she says noting that 529 plans

have stiff penalties for early withdrawals for

unqualified expenses ldquoMake sure you have

both [retirement and college] covered before

you start putting everything into the college

fundrdquo

How much does it cost to adopt a babyAdoption fees vary widely and itrsquos hard to pinpoint a figure However according to data

from Adoptive Families magazine nearly half of domestic newborn adoptions cost less

than $20000 and the majority cost less than $25000 Alternately more than 75 of

international adoptions cost more than $20000

If you need help with these expenses talk to a loan officer at your credit union

For more information about the costs and details associated with adoption visit

theadoptionguidecom

Turning Points 8 Preparing for Baby

Useful resources

copy2009 Credit Union National Association the trade association for credit unions in the US

babycentercom has a wealth of information on all things baby from finances to formula to friendship and beyond

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online ldquoCostthinspofthinspraisingthinspYourthinspChildrdquothinspcalculator

www360financialliteracyorg a consumer finance Web site published by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants offers

money-saving strategies for families at all stages

Visit the US Labor Departmentrsquos ldquoLifethinspChangesthinsprequirethinspHealththinspChoicesthinspKnowthinspYourthinspBenefitthinspoptionsrdquo for pregnancy childbirth and

adoption information

Parentsregthinspmagazine offers advice about money matters when raising kids

Page 3: Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby child-care costs. Those should be fairly easy to determine: You can call child-care

Turning Points 3 Preparing for Baby

child-care costs Those should be fairly easy

to determine You can call child-care centers

nanny agencies and in-home child-care

providers (often listed in classifieds or in

listings compiled by local licensing agencies)

to inquire about fees

Of course there also is all the stuff you need

to buy In addition to the crib car seat and

stroller there are monthly expenses such

as diapers and possibly formula that add

up quickly Lifestyle trade-offs like cooking

at home instead of ordering take-out

borrowing DVDs from the library instead of

renting and borrowing or buying used baby

gear and clothing can offset some of the

increased costs associated with a baby

Second-hand stores and online classifieds

like craigslist also are good resources

for frugal parents For big items Bolson

recommends shopping for safety over

style For example she says a safe car

seat (the American Academy of Pediatrics

recommends avoiding buying used car seats

if you donrsquot know the seatrsquos history) should

be a priority but a totally redecorated

nursery with expensive furniture and

bedding isnrsquot Donrsquot confuse what you want

with what you need

If the math doesnrsquot quite add up make an

appointment with a financial planner CPA

or other adviser who can walk you through

various tax deductions and other savings

opportunities that might make your budget

more workable A budget counselor at your

credit union also may be able to help

Sometimes adjusting withholdings and

considering flex-spending options can make

the difference If you canrsquot see how to make

it work and you still want a baby you might

need to look at cutting fixed expenses

such as mortgages or car loans by moving

to a less expensive house or driving more

modest vehicles

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising

your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online

ldquoCost of Raising Your Childrdquo calculator

Will health insurance cover the birthItrsquos best to know what kind of coverage you

have before you get pregnant Some plans

might not cover prenatal care in which

case you might want to explore taking out

a supplemental policy that does But you

have to do it before yoursquore pregnant or the

pregnancy most likely will be considered a

pre-existing condition and will be excluded

So make an appointment with your

benefits specialist or HR (human resources)

representative If your insurance is through

your spousersquos employer and yoursquore

uncomfortable contacting someone at that

workplace call the number on the back of

your insurance card and speak directly with

the carrier Or visit the carrierrsquos Web site

Seattle HR consultant Jenny Broome says

most carriers have a wealth of information

online ldquoYou can get online and you can

put your group number in and you can look

at your particular plan and surf to what

you needrdquo Broome says ldquoItrsquos all about

knowledge and knowing where to go to get

the information you needrdquo

What kind of leave will we getMaternity and paternity leave varies from

company to company and state to state

Broome points out that for example

California offers up to six weeks of paid

leave Microsoft provides employees with

four weeks of maternity and paternity leave

For most individuals leave is a combination

of accrued personal vacation and sick time

along with disability insurance any state

benefits and unpaid time off So ask at work

about what is available and make sure you

understand what is paid and what is unpaid

If you get health insurance through your

employer and you go on unpaid leave

ask about how premiums are paid in your

absence

Family expenditures on a child by single-parent and husband-wife households 2009

Singe parent $149760

Husband-wife $160410

Source United States Agriculture DepartmentmdashCenter for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Turning Points 4 Preparing for Baby

Does FMLA protect my jobIf you work for an employer with more than

50 employees and have worked at the

company for at least one year your employer

must allow you to take up to 12 weeks of

leave according to the Family Medical Leave

Act (FMLA) You will probably have to cobble

that together with vacation and sick time

plus unpaid leave but your employer cannot

terminate or otherwise penalize you for taking

the full 12 weeks to bond with your baby

Can I use short-term disability insurance for maternity leaveA new birth mother generally can use short-

term disability insurance if she has it Short-

term disability insurance replaces part of

your income while yoursquore on leave Some

employers offer it and you can elect to carry

it independently in which case yoursquoll pay

a monthly premium Some states such as

California offer it as well Coverage typically

lasts around six weeks but some plans run

longer Complications or C-section births can

extend coverage as well

Since coverage varies in both amount

and duration review your policy before

getting pregnant If you find your coverage

insufficient you may want to add a

supplemental policy Requirements for using

the insurance also vary with some plans

requiring you to exhaust vacation and sick

leave before tapping in to your insurance

benefit Others have waiting periods and

require that you be away from work for a

defined period of time before drawing the

benefit

In most instances fathers and adoptive

parents cannot use short-term disability

insurance for any of their paternity or

maternity leave notes Kevin Jacobs

assistant vice chancellor for human

resources at the University of Colorado-

Denver The ldquodisabilityrdquo stems from having

given birth and therefore only applies to

biological mothers

Your employerrsquos HR representative might

not offer information about supplemental

insurance plans so be proactive and contact

an insurance agent on your own if yoursquore

serious about adding short-term disability

coverage Just because your employer

doesnrsquot offer it doesnrsquot mean you canrsquot get it

How do I add my baby to my health insuranceCoverage usually is retroactive to birth as

long as you add the child to the policy within

the required time frame (usually 30 or 31

days but the time is specific to your plan)

Some plans require that you notify your

employermdashif you have employer-sponsored

health caremdashand your insurance company

If you miss your deadline insurance wonrsquot

cover the babyrsquos expenses and yoursquoll have to

wait until open enrollment to enroll the baby

Jacobs cautions parents from assuming a

Estimated annual expenditures on children born in 2009 by income group overall United States

Income group

Year Age Lowest Middle Highest

2009 lt1 $8570 $11700 $19410

2010 1 8810 12030 19950

2011 2 9050 12360 20510

2012 3 9370 12740 21080

2013 4 9630 13090 21670

2014 5 9900 13460 22270

2015 6 9830 13740 22860

2016 7 10100 14120 23500

2017 8 10380 14520 24150

2018 9 11580 15910 25920

2019 10 11900 16350 26640

2020 11 12240 16810 27380

2021 12 13150 18210 29930

2022 13 13510 18720 30760

2023 14 13890 19240 31620

2024 15 14280 20440 35020

2025 16 14680 21010 36000

2026 17 15090 21600 37010

Total $205960 $286050 $475680

Estimates are for the younger child in husband-wife families with two children and assume an average annual inflation rate of 279 percent

Source United States Agriculture DepartmentmdashCenter for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Turning Points 5 Preparing for Baby

fax or e-mail transmission went through and

instead recommends calling to confirm that

the child is enrolled

Does a flex plan help cover child-care expensesMany employers offer flex plans that allow

you to set aside pre-tax dollars (per child)

to spend on qualified child-care expenses

Child-care centers and preschools usually

qualify In-home providers will too as long

as they report the income

If you choose not to use flex spending you

can take the amount for child-care expenses

as a tax deduction but financial planners

like Kathy Longo who works in Edina Minn

prefer flex spending because it keeps the

income off the tax return altogether and

allows the parents to incorporate the money

into monthly budgets

Yoursquoll have to fill out paperwork to start a

flex account and the required forms and

procedures vary from employer to employer

Many parents will spend money faster than

their accounts build up and reimbursements

will be spread out over the entire year even

if they spend all the money within the first

five months

Be careful when estimating child-care

expenses If you estimate too high and donrsquot

spend what you thought you would on child

care yoursquoll still be out the full amount placed

in the flexible spending account

What are the other tax benefits of having a childParents generally are eligible for a tax

deduction for each of their children Check

the IRS (Internal Revenue Service) Web site

for deduction amounts and gross income

qualifications Adoptive parents generally

may claim an additional credit as well

Do we need a willYes A will ensures proper transfer of your

assets and more important minimizes

the stress and disruption for your children

if both you and your spouse die

Without a will relatives could

disagree over where children

should go even if you

had verbal agreements

or understanding with

all family members

involved In that case

the child could end

up in foster care

until the court

settles the matter

One will can cover both parents but itrsquos

not a good idea says Indiana probate

attorney Arlene Kline (who calls joint wills

ldquouncommonrdquo and ldquodangerousrdquo) When one

spouse dies a joint will locks the other

spouse into the terms If a spouse dies very

young that means the

surviving spouse could

never change the will

even if life circumstances

change dramatically for

example the surviving

spouse remarries Itrsquos better

to have a will for each parent

and the wills should have

identical provisions in case both

parents die

Choosing a legal guardian for your childrenWhen creating a will one of the most challenging steps can be designating a guardian to take care of your children if you and your spouse die

Indiana probate attorney Arlene Kline advises parents to consider many factors when naming a physical guardian Grandparents often are a natural choice since they frequently maintain the closest relationships with your children However they may not feel able or be willing to raise children during their retirement Also factor in geography Itrsquos incredibly traumatic for a child to lose her parents but even worse if she has to move across the country and away from friends and a familiar school to live with relatives

Regardless Kline recommends discussing the matter with whomever you would like to name as guardians so they arenrsquot taken by surprise if something happens to you

Also keep in mind that laws vary from state to state In Indiana a judge does not have to appoint the guardian you name in your will Some individuals are legally ineligiblemdashagain in Indiana no one ever convicted of a felony can serve as a guardian So Kline suggests asking and naming secondary and tertiary choices in case your first pick declines or is deemed ineligible

Sometimes the guardian of your children and the trustee of your testamentary trust (or guardian of your estate) is the same person but you donrsquot have to do it that way Kline says If a brother is great with kids but terrible with money you can designate your shrewd aunt to handle the finances and let the two relatives work things out as they go

Turning Points 6 Preparing for Baby

Kline recommends waiting until the baby is

born before drafting the will Most states

recognize provisions that cover future

children but your will can be much more

specific about how your assets pass and

then are managed if you wait until you have

a name and Social Security number for your

child

Wills cover a lot of ground and each covers

unique assets and personal territory

However Kline says a will has two specific

purposes with respect to young children

1 The first is to name a guardian for the

children This guardian is the person who

will house feed shelter nurture educate

and otherwise raise your child should

something happen to both parents

2 The second purpose is to designate which

of your assets will pass to your child and

how they will be managed

The cost of drawing up a will varies

Working with an attorney can cost anywhere

from a few hundred to a few thousand

dollars depending on your market and the

complexity of your wills

Do I need a Social Security number for my babyNo You donrsquot have to apply for a Social

Security number (SSN) However most

parents do because you need one to claim

child-related tax deductions and credits to

add the child to your health plan to open

investment vehicles like 529 plans or to

purchase US savings bonds

If you give birth in a hospital chances are

that the hospital will give you (the mother)

a birth registration form Just check the

box to indicate that you want an SSN for

your baby Yoursquoll have to provide SSNs for

both parents to complete the form but the

hospital usually will process it with the rest of

your paperwork Once the card is issued the

Social Security Administration (SSA) will mail

it to the address you provided on the form

If you didnrsquot apply for a Social Security

card in the hospital then you can get a

card from the SSA Form SS-5 is available

online In most cases all you have to do is

print it fill it out and mail it in In some

cases you may need to take the application

to a local Social Security office or a Social

Security Card Center if one serves your area

Visit socialsecuritygov to find local office

addresses and phone numbers Be sure to

determine if you need to file in person before

you mail off the form as mistakes can delay

the process

If yoursquore adopting domestically and the baby

or child does not have an SSN you can apply

for one at any time even if the adoption is

not complete However the Social Security

Administration recommends waiting until

the adoption is complete so

that you can use the childrsquos

new name However

you can fill out Form

W-7A (Application

for Taxpayer

Identification

Number for Pending

US Adoptions)

while the adoption

is pending if you want

to claim the child for tax

purposes

If yoursquore adopting internationally you must

wait until the adoption is complete and the

child has entered the country

Do we need life insuranceFor most couples this definitely is a

question of what type of life insurance to

buy and not whether to get any Regardless

of whether just one or both of you will be

working when the baby arrives consider

how each spouse would manage if the

other passes away In most cases even

the nonworking spouse should be insured

While he or she may not have an income the

working spouse would have to cover child-

care expenses if the at-home parent were no

longer available to care for the child

The actual dollar amount of life insurance

yoursquoll need depends on individual

circumstances To come up with a reliable

What about disability insuranceMany couples overlook disability insurance Perhaps they assume disability insurance that an employer provides is adequate or they donrsquot consider the possibility that injury or

illness will prevent one of them from working or fulfilling

household duties Kevin Simpson manager of life and health product marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which provides insurance and financial services

to credit unions and their members) Waverly Iowa

says disability insurance is a critical component of a sound

financial plan He explains that parents of young children are more likely to become disabled than they are to die and disability often causes greater financial hardship for families than does the death of a spouse

Disability insurance is either short term or long term Many employers offer one or both but coverage may not be what you want or need Review what you have and discuss with an adviser what kind of additional coverage would be sensible

Turning Points 7 Preparing for Baby

figure meet with a financial adviser to

review your income expenses and any

educational goals or plans for your children

Factor in monthly mortgage auto loan

student loan and other debt payments

Consider other monthly payments including

food clothing utilities entertainment

insurance premiums and so on Donrsquot forget

annual real estate taxes

Yoursquoll also have to consider types of life

insurance Termthinsplifethinspinsurance is less

expensive while wholethinsplifethinspinsurance

accumulates cash value over time For young

families on a budget term insurance often

makes the most sense However Kevin

Simpson manager of life and health product

marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which

provides insurance and financial services to

credit unions and their members) Waverly

Iowa recommends exploring options with

an adviser as many carriers offer convertible

policies and other choices beyond the simple

term and whole life options

Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differentlyOnce adopted legally a child is treated the

same as any biological children However itrsquos

often during the period between placement

and when the adoption is finalized that

parents may encounter trouble says Chicago

adoption attorney Kathleen Hogan Morrison

Check health-insurance policies to see how

and when they begin coverage Morrison

advises Some extend coverage from date

of birth but others require proof of a

placement agreement a court order or other

documentation She also notes that ERISA

(Employee Retirement Income Security Act)

protects adopted children in that if your

health insurance would cover a biological

child it also must cover an adopted child

Maternity and paternity leave can be tricky

as well Morrison says Short-term disability

is not available to adoptive parents While

FMLA may offer the opportunity for unpaid

leave some employers are not governed by

the act Others simply donrsquot treat adoptive

parents the same way they do biological

parents

The bottom line Know your rights know

your policies and advocate for yourself and

your child

How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college educationAny kind of savings account or vehicle will

work Bolson says but education-specific

investments often offer desirable tax

advantages

There are two main ways to save for a childrsquos

education The Coverdell Education Savings

Account (ESA) and a 529 plan

Bolson likes Coverdell ESAs which can be

opened at almost any credit union and tend

to have more flexible investment options and

lower fees than 529 plans Contributions are

not tax-deductible but earnings grow tax-

free You can use funds for any educational

expense such as private high-school tuition

whereas 529 plans are just for college-level

education However Coverdell Accounts

also have lower contribution limits than 529

plans

Longo likes the 529 plans because she says

they offer the most tax advantages ldquoThe

money in there will grow tax freerdquo she says

ldquoWhen you take it out all of those earnings

come out tax freerdquo

There are other types of vehicles to use for

saving for college as well such as Roth IRAs

custodial accounts and trusts Talk to the

professionals at your credit union or your

financial planner for more information

You can begin building your education

nest egg at any time but you need a Social

Security number and name for 529 plans

and some other investments You can always

start the plans naming another child as a

beneficiary but yoursquod have to amend the

plan once your child is born Itrsquos easier to

wait until the birth

You can save as much you want in various

savings vehicles but most of the education-

specific savings options have limits

Longo cautions parents from

overcontributing college funds at the

expense of other needs ldquoYou can borrow

for college but you canrsquot borrow for

retirementrdquo she says noting that 529 plans

have stiff penalties for early withdrawals for

unqualified expenses ldquoMake sure you have

both [retirement and college] covered before

you start putting everything into the college

fundrdquo

How much does it cost to adopt a babyAdoption fees vary widely and itrsquos hard to pinpoint a figure However according to data

from Adoptive Families magazine nearly half of domestic newborn adoptions cost less

than $20000 and the majority cost less than $25000 Alternately more than 75 of

international adoptions cost more than $20000

If you need help with these expenses talk to a loan officer at your credit union

For more information about the costs and details associated with adoption visit

theadoptionguidecom

Turning Points 8 Preparing for Baby

Useful resources

copy2009 Credit Union National Association the trade association for credit unions in the US

babycentercom has a wealth of information on all things baby from finances to formula to friendship and beyond

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online ldquoCostthinspofthinspraisingthinspYourthinspChildrdquothinspcalculator

www360financialliteracyorg a consumer finance Web site published by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants offers

money-saving strategies for families at all stages

Visit the US Labor Departmentrsquos ldquoLifethinspChangesthinsprequirethinspHealththinspChoicesthinspKnowthinspYourthinspBenefitthinspoptionsrdquo for pregnancy childbirth and

adoption information

Parentsregthinspmagazine offers advice about money matters when raising kids

Page 4: Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby child-care costs. Those should be fairly easy to determine: You can call child-care

Turning Points 4 Preparing for Baby

Does FMLA protect my jobIf you work for an employer with more than

50 employees and have worked at the

company for at least one year your employer

must allow you to take up to 12 weeks of

leave according to the Family Medical Leave

Act (FMLA) You will probably have to cobble

that together with vacation and sick time

plus unpaid leave but your employer cannot

terminate or otherwise penalize you for taking

the full 12 weeks to bond with your baby

Can I use short-term disability insurance for maternity leaveA new birth mother generally can use short-

term disability insurance if she has it Short-

term disability insurance replaces part of

your income while yoursquore on leave Some

employers offer it and you can elect to carry

it independently in which case yoursquoll pay

a monthly premium Some states such as

California offer it as well Coverage typically

lasts around six weeks but some plans run

longer Complications or C-section births can

extend coverage as well

Since coverage varies in both amount

and duration review your policy before

getting pregnant If you find your coverage

insufficient you may want to add a

supplemental policy Requirements for using

the insurance also vary with some plans

requiring you to exhaust vacation and sick

leave before tapping in to your insurance

benefit Others have waiting periods and

require that you be away from work for a

defined period of time before drawing the

benefit

In most instances fathers and adoptive

parents cannot use short-term disability

insurance for any of their paternity or

maternity leave notes Kevin Jacobs

assistant vice chancellor for human

resources at the University of Colorado-

Denver The ldquodisabilityrdquo stems from having

given birth and therefore only applies to

biological mothers

Your employerrsquos HR representative might

not offer information about supplemental

insurance plans so be proactive and contact

an insurance agent on your own if yoursquore

serious about adding short-term disability

coverage Just because your employer

doesnrsquot offer it doesnrsquot mean you canrsquot get it

How do I add my baby to my health insuranceCoverage usually is retroactive to birth as

long as you add the child to the policy within

the required time frame (usually 30 or 31

days but the time is specific to your plan)

Some plans require that you notify your

employermdashif you have employer-sponsored

health caremdashand your insurance company

If you miss your deadline insurance wonrsquot

cover the babyrsquos expenses and yoursquoll have to

wait until open enrollment to enroll the baby

Jacobs cautions parents from assuming a

Estimated annual expenditures on children born in 2009 by income group overall United States

Income group

Year Age Lowest Middle Highest

2009 lt1 $8570 $11700 $19410

2010 1 8810 12030 19950

2011 2 9050 12360 20510

2012 3 9370 12740 21080

2013 4 9630 13090 21670

2014 5 9900 13460 22270

2015 6 9830 13740 22860

2016 7 10100 14120 23500

2017 8 10380 14520 24150

2018 9 11580 15910 25920

2019 10 11900 16350 26640

2020 11 12240 16810 27380

2021 12 13150 18210 29930

2022 13 13510 18720 30760

2023 14 13890 19240 31620

2024 15 14280 20440 35020

2025 16 14680 21010 36000

2026 17 15090 21600 37010

Total $205960 $286050 $475680

Estimates are for the younger child in husband-wife families with two children and assume an average annual inflation rate of 279 percent

Source United States Agriculture DepartmentmdashCenter for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

Turning Points 5 Preparing for Baby

fax or e-mail transmission went through and

instead recommends calling to confirm that

the child is enrolled

Does a flex plan help cover child-care expensesMany employers offer flex plans that allow

you to set aside pre-tax dollars (per child)

to spend on qualified child-care expenses

Child-care centers and preschools usually

qualify In-home providers will too as long

as they report the income

If you choose not to use flex spending you

can take the amount for child-care expenses

as a tax deduction but financial planners

like Kathy Longo who works in Edina Minn

prefer flex spending because it keeps the

income off the tax return altogether and

allows the parents to incorporate the money

into monthly budgets

Yoursquoll have to fill out paperwork to start a

flex account and the required forms and

procedures vary from employer to employer

Many parents will spend money faster than

their accounts build up and reimbursements

will be spread out over the entire year even

if they spend all the money within the first

five months

Be careful when estimating child-care

expenses If you estimate too high and donrsquot

spend what you thought you would on child

care yoursquoll still be out the full amount placed

in the flexible spending account

What are the other tax benefits of having a childParents generally are eligible for a tax

deduction for each of their children Check

the IRS (Internal Revenue Service) Web site

for deduction amounts and gross income

qualifications Adoptive parents generally

may claim an additional credit as well

Do we need a willYes A will ensures proper transfer of your

assets and more important minimizes

the stress and disruption for your children

if both you and your spouse die

Without a will relatives could

disagree over where children

should go even if you

had verbal agreements

or understanding with

all family members

involved In that case

the child could end

up in foster care

until the court

settles the matter

One will can cover both parents but itrsquos

not a good idea says Indiana probate

attorney Arlene Kline (who calls joint wills

ldquouncommonrdquo and ldquodangerousrdquo) When one

spouse dies a joint will locks the other

spouse into the terms If a spouse dies very

young that means the

surviving spouse could

never change the will

even if life circumstances

change dramatically for

example the surviving

spouse remarries Itrsquos better

to have a will for each parent

and the wills should have

identical provisions in case both

parents die

Choosing a legal guardian for your childrenWhen creating a will one of the most challenging steps can be designating a guardian to take care of your children if you and your spouse die

Indiana probate attorney Arlene Kline advises parents to consider many factors when naming a physical guardian Grandparents often are a natural choice since they frequently maintain the closest relationships with your children However they may not feel able or be willing to raise children during their retirement Also factor in geography Itrsquos incredibly traumatic for a child to lose her parents but even worse if she has to move across the country and away from friends and a familiar school to live with relatives

Regardless Kline recommends discussing the matter with whomever you would like to name as guardians so they arenrsquot taken by surprise if something happens to you

Also keep in mind that laws vary from state to state In Indiana a judge does not have to appoint the guardian you name in your will Some individuals are legally ineligiblemdashagain in Indiana no one ever convicted of a felony can serve as a guardian So Kline suggests asking and naming secondary and tertiary choices in case your first pick declines or is deemed ineligible

Sometimes the guardian of your children and the trustee of your testamentary trust (or guardian of your estate) is the same person but you donrsquot have to do it that way Kline says If a brother is great with kids but terrible with money you can designate your shrewd aunt to handle the finances and let the two relatives work things out as they go

Turning Points 6 Preparing for Baby

Kline recommends waiting until the baby is

born before drafting the will Most states

recognize provisions that cover future

children but your will can be much more

specific about how your assets pass and

then are managed if you wait until you have

a name and Social Security number for your

child

Wills cover a lot of ground and each covers

unique assets and personal territory

However Kline says a will has two specific

purposes with respect to young children

1 The first is to name a guardian for the

children This guardian is the person who

will house feed shelter nurture educate

and otherwise raise your child should

something happen to both parents

2 The second purpose is to designate which

of your assets will pass to your child and

how they will be managed

The cost of drawing up a will varies

Working with an attorney can cost anywhere

from a few hundred to a few thousand

dollars depending on your market and the

complexity of your wills

Do I need a Social Security number for my babyNo You donrsquot have to apply for a Social

Security number (SSN) However most

parents do because you need one to claim

child-related tax deductions and credits to

add the child to your health plan to open

investment vehicles like 529 plans or to

purchase US savings bonds

If you give birth in a hospital chances are

that the hospital will give you (the mother)

a birth registration form Just check the

box to indicate that you want an SSN for

your baby Yoursquoll have to provide SSNs for

both parents to complete the form but the

hospital usually will process it with the rest of

your paperwork Once the card is issued the

Social Security Administration (SSA) will mail

it to the address you provided on the form

If you didnrsquot apply for a Social Security

card in the hospital then you can get a

card from the SSA Form SS-5 is available

online In most cases all you have to do is

print it fill it out and mail it in In some

cases you may need to take the application

to a local Social Security office or a Social

Security Card Center if one serves your area

Visit socialsecuritygov to find local office

addresses and phone numbers Be sure to

determine if you need to file in person before

you mail off the form as mistakes can delay

the process

If yoursquore adopting domestically and the baby

or child does not have an SSN you can apply

for one at any time even if the adoption is

not complete However the Social Security

Administration recommends waiting until

the adoption is complete so

that you can use the childrsquos

new name However

you can fill out Form

W-7A (Application

for Taxpayer

Identification

Number for Pending

US Adoptions)

while the adoption

is pending if you want

to claim the child for tax

purposes

If yoursquore adopting internationally you must

wait until the adoption is complete and the

child has entered the country

Do we need life insuranceFor most couples this definitely is a

question of what type of life insurance to

buy and not whether to get any Regardless

of whether just one or both of you will be

working when the baby arrives consider

how each spouse would manage if the

other passes away In most cases even

the nonworking spouse should be insured

While he or she may not have an income the

working spouse would have to cover child-

care expenses if the at-home parent were no

longer available to care for the child

The actual dollar amount of life insurance

yoursquoll need depends on individual

circumstances To come up with a reliable

What about disability insuranceMany couples overlook disability insurance Perhaps they assume disability insurance that an employer provides is adequate or they donrsquot consider the possibility that injury or

illness will prevent one of them from working or fulfilling

household duties Kevin Simpson manager of life and health product marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which provides insurance and financial services

to credit unions and their members) Waverly Iowa

says disability insurance is a critical component of a sound

financial plan He explains that parents of young children are more likely to become disabled than they are to die and disability often causes greater financial hardship for families than does the death of a spouse

Disability insurance is either short term or long term Many employers offer one or both but coverage may not be what you want or need Review what you have and discuss with an adviser what kind of additional coverage would be sensible

Turning Points 7 Preparing for Baby

figure meet with a financial adviser to

review your income expenses and any

educational goals or plans for your children

Factor in monthly mortgage auto loan

student loan and other debt payments

Consider other monthly payments including

food clothing utilities entertainment

insurance premiums and so on Donrsquot forget

annual real estate taxes

Yoursquoll also have to consider types of life

insurance Termthinsplifethinspinsurance is less

expensive while wholethinsplifethinspinsurance

accumulates cash value over time For young

families on a budget term insurance often

makes the most sense However Kevin

Simpson manager of life and health product

marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which

provides insurance and financial services to

credit unions and their members) Waverly

Iowa recommends exploring options with

an adviser as many carriers offer convertible

policies and other choices beyond the simple

term and whole life options

Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differentlyOnce adopted legally a child is treated the

same as any biological children However itrsquos

often during the period between placement

and when the adoption is finalized that

parents may encounter trouble says Chicago

adoption attorney Kathleen Hogan Morrison

Check health-insurance policies to see how

and when they begin coverage Morrison

advises Some extend coverage from date

of birth but others require proof of a

placement agreement a court order or other

documentation She also notes that ERISA

(Employee Retirement Income Security Act)

protects adopted children in that if your

health insurance would cover a biological

child it also must cover an adopted child

Maternity and paternity leave can be tricky

as well Morrison says Short-term disability

is not available to adoptive parents While

FMLA may offer the opportunity for unpaid

leave some employers are not governed by

the act Others simply donrsquot treat adoptive

parents the same way they do biological

parents

The bottom line Know your rights know

your policies and advocate for yourself and

your child

How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college educationAny kind of savings account or vehicle will

work Bolson says but education-specific

investments often offer desirable tax

advantages

There are two main ways to save for a childrsquos

education The Coverdell Education Savings

Account (ESA) and a 529 plan

Bolson likes Coverdell ESAs which can be

opened at almost any credit union and tend

to have more flexible investment options and

lower fees than 529 plans Contributions are

not tax-deductible but earnings grow tax-

free You can use funds for any educational

expense such as private high-school tuition

whereas 529 plans are just for college-level

education However Coverdell Accounts

also have lower contribution limits than 529

plans

Longo likes the 529 plans because she says

they offer the most tax advantages ldquoThe

money in there will grow tax freerdquo she says

ldquoWhen you take it out all of those earnings

come out tax freerdquo

There are other types of vehicles to use for

saving for college as well such as Roth IRAs

custodial accounts and trusts Talk to the

professionals at your credit union or your

financial planner for more information

You can begin building your education

nest egg at any time but you need a Social

Security number and name for 529 plans

and some other investments You can always

start the plans naming another child as a

beneficiary but yoursquod have to amend the

plan once your child is born Itrsquos easier to

wait until the birth

You can save as much you want in various

savings vehicles but most of the education-

specific savings options have limits

Longo cautions parents from

overcontributing college funds at the

expense of other needs ldquoYou can borrow

for college but you canrsquot borrow for

retirementrdquo she says noting that 529 plans

have stiff penalties for early withdrawals for

unqualified expenses ldquoMake sure you have

both [retirement and college] covered before

you start putting everything into the college

fundrdquo

How much does it cost to adopt a babyAdoption fees vary widely and itrsquos hard to pinpoint a figure However according to data

from Adoptive Families magazine nearly half of domestic newborn adoptions cost less

than $20000 and the majority cost less than $25000 Alternately more than 75 of

international adoptions cost more than $20000

If you need help with these expenses talk to a loan officer at your credit union

For more information about the costs and details associated with adoption visit

theadoptionguidecom

Turning Points 8 Preparing for Baby

Useful resources

copy2009 Credit Union National Association the trade association for credit unions in the US

babycentercom has a wealth of information on all things baby from finances to formula to friendship and beyond

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online ldquoCostthinspofthinspraisingthinspYourthinspChildrdquothinspcalculator

www360financialliteracyorg a consumer finance Web site published by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants offers

money-saving strategies for families at all stages

Visit the US Labor Departmentrsquos ldquoLifethinspChangesthinsprequirethinspHealththinspChoicesthinspKnowthinspYourthinspBenefitthinspoptionsrdquo for pregnancy childbirth and

adoption information

Parentsregthinspmagazine offers advice about money matters when raising kids

Page 5: Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby child-care costs. Those should be fairly easy to determine: You can call child-care

Turning Points 5 Preparing for Baby

fax or e-mail transmission went through and

instead recommends calling to confirm that

the child is enrolled

Does a flex plan help cover child-care expensesMany employers offer flex plans that allow

you to set aside pre-tax dollars (per child)

to spend on qualified child-care expenses

Child-care centers and preschools usually

qualify In-home providers will too as long

as they report the income

If you choose not to use flex spending you

can take the amount for child-care expenses

as a tax deduction but financial planners

like Kathy Longo who works in Edina Minn

prefer flex spending because it keeps the

income off the tax return altogether and

allows the parents to incorporate the money

into monthly budgets

Yoursquoll have to fill out paperwork to start a

flex account and the required forms and

procedures vary from employer to employer

Many parents will spend money faster than

their accounts build up and reimbursements

will be spread out over the entire year even

if they spend all the money within the first

five months

Be careful when estimating child-care

expenses If you estimate too high and donrsquot

spend what you thought you would on child

care yoursquoll still be out the full amount placed

in the flexible spending account

What are the other tax benefits of having a childParents generally are eligible for a tax

deduction for each of their children Check

the IRS (Internal Revenue Service) Web site

for deduction amounts and gross income

qualifications Adoptive parents generally

may claim an additional credit as well

Do we need a willYes A will ensures proper transfer of your

assets and more important minimizes

the stress and disruption for your children

if both you and your spouse die

Without a will relatives could

disagree over where children

should go even if you

had verbal agreements

or understanding with

all family members

involved In that case

the child could end

up in foster care

until the court

settles the matter

One will can cover both parents but itrsquos

not a good idea says Indiana probate

attorney Arlene Kline (who calls joint wills

ldquouncommonrdquo and ldquodangerousrdquo) When one

spouse dies a joint will locks the other

spouse into the terms If a spouse dies very

young that means the

surviving spouse could

never change the will

even if life circumstances

change dramatically for

example the surviving

spouse remarries Itrsquos better

to have a will for each parent

and the wills should have

identical provisions in case both

parents die

Choosing a legal guardian for your childrenWhen creating a will one of the most challenging steps can be designating a guardian to take care of your children if you and your spouse die

Indiana probate attorney Arlene Kline advises parents to consider many factors when naming a physical guardian Grandparents often are a natural choice since they frequently maintain the closest relationships with your children However they may not feel able or be willing to raise children during their retirement Also factor in geography Itrsquos incredibly traumatic for a child to lose her parents but even worse if she has to move across the country and away from friends and a familiar school to live with relatives

Regardless Kline recommends discussing the matter with whomever you would like to name as guardians so they arenrsquot taken by surprise if something happens to you

Also keep in mind that laws vary from state to state In Indiana a judge does not have to appoint the guardian you name in your will Some individuals are legally ineligiblemdashagain in Indiana no one ever convicted of a felony can serve as a guardian So Kline suggests asking and naming secondary and tertiary choices in case your first pick declines or is deemed ineligible

Sometimes the guardian of your children and the trustee of your testamentary trust (or guardian of your estate) is the same person but you donrsquot have to do it that way Kline says If a brother is great with kids but terrible with money you can designate your shrewd aunt to handle the finances and let the two relatives work things out as they go

Turning Points 6 Preparing for Baby

Kline recommends waiting until the baby is

born before drafting the will Most states

recognize provisions that cover future

children but your will can be much more

specific about how your assets pass and

then are managed if you wait until you have

a name and Social Security number for your

child

Wills cover a lot of ground and each covers

unique assets and personal territory

However Kline says a will has two specific

purposes with respect to young children

1 The first is to name a guardian for the

children This guardian is the person who

will house feed shelter nurture educate

and otherwise raise your child should

something happen to both parents

2 The second purpose is to designate which

of your assets will pass to your child and

how they will be managed

The cost of drawing up a will varies

Working with an attorney can cost anywhere

from a few hundred to a few thousand

dollars depending on your market and the

complexity of your wills

Do I need a Social Security number for my babyNo You donrsquot have to apply for a Social

Security number (SSN) However most

parents do because you need one to claim

child-related tax deductions and credits to

add the child to your health plan to open

investment vehicles like 529 plans or to

purchase US savings bonds

If you give birth in a hospital chances are

that the hospital will give you (the mother)

a birth registration form Just check the

box to indicate that you want an SSN for

your baby Yoursquoll have to provide SSNs for

both parents to complete the form but the

hospital usually will process it with the rest of

your paperwork Once the card is issued the

Social Security Administration (SSA) will mail

it to the address you provided on the form

If you didnrsquot apply for a Social Security

card in the hospital then you can get a

card from the SSA Form SS-5 is available

online In most cases all you have to do is

print it fill it out and mail it in In some

cases you may need to take the application

to a local Social Security office or a Social

Security Card Center if one serves your area

Visit socialsecuritygov to find local office

addresses and phone numbers Be sure to

determine if you need to file in person before

you mail off the form as mistakes can delay

the process

If yoursquore adopting domestically and the baby

or child does not have an SSN you can apply

for one at any time even if the adoption is

not complete However the Social Security

Administration recommends waiting until

the adoption is complete so

that you can use the childrsquos

new name However

you can fill out Form

W-7A (Application

for Taxpayer

Identification

Number for Pending

US Adoptions)

while the adoption

is pending if you want

to claim the child for tax

purposes

If yoursquore adopting internationally you must

wait until the adoption is complete and the

child has entered the country

Do we need life insuranceFor most couples this definitely is a

question of what type of life insurance to

buy and not whether to get any Regardless

of whether just one or both of you will be

working when the baby arrives consider

how each spouse would manage if the

other passes away In most cases even

the nonworking spouse should be insured

While he or she may not have an income the

working spouse would have to cover child-

care expenses if the at-home parent were no

longer available to care for the child

The actual dollar amount of life insurance

yoursquoll need depends on individual

circumstances To come up with a reliable

What about disability insuranceMany couples overlook disability insurance Perhaps they assume disability insurance that an employer provides is adequate or they donrsquot consider the possibility that injury or

illness will prevent one of them from working or fulfilling

household duties Kevin Simpson manager of life and health product marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which provides insurance and financial services

to credit unions and their members) Waverly Iowa

says disability insurance is a critical component of a sound

financial plan He explains that parents of young children are more likely to become disabled than they are to die and disability often causes greater financial hardship for families than does the death of a spouse

Disability insurance is either short term or long term Many employers offer one or both but coverage may not be what you want or need Review what you have and discuss with an adviser what kind of additional coverage would be sensible

Turning Points 7 Preparing for Baby

figure meet with a financial adviser to

review your income expenses and any

educational goals or plans for your children

Factor in monthly mortgage auto loan

student loan and other debt payments

Consider other monthly payments including

food clothing utilities entertainment

insurance premiums and so on Donrsquot forget

annual real estate taxes

Yoursquoll also have to consider types of life

insurance Termthinsplifethinspinsurance is less

expensive while wholethinsplifethinspinsurance

accumulates cash value over time For young

families on a budget term insurance often

makes the most sense However Kevin

Simpson manager of life and health product

marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which

provides insurance and financial services to

credit unions and their members) Waverly

Iowa recommends exploring options with

an adviser as many carriers offer convertible

policies and other choices beyond the simple

term and whole life options

Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differentlyOnce adopted legally a child is treated the

same as any biological children However itrsquos

often during the period between placement

and when the adoption is finalized that

parents may encounter trouble says Chicago

adoption attorney Kathleen Hogan Morrison

Check health-insurance policies to see how

and when they begin coverage Morrison

advises Some extend coverage from date

of birth but others require proof of a

placement agreement a court order or other

documentation She also notes that ERISA

(Employee Retirement Income Security Act)

protects adopted children in that if your

health insurance would cover a biological

child it also must cover an adopted child

Maternity and paternity leave can be tricky

as well Morrison says Short-term disability

is not available to adoptive parents While

FMLA may offer the opportunity for unpaid

leave some employers are not governed by

the act Others simply donrsquot treat adoptive

parents the same way they do biological

parents

The bottom line Know your rights know

your policies and advocate for yourself and

your child

How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college educationAny kind of savings account or vehicle will

work Bolson says but education-specific

investments often offer desirable tax

advantages

There are two main ways to save for a childrsquos

education The Coverdell Education Savings

Account (ESA) and a 529 plan

Bolson likes Coverdell ESAs which can be

opened at almost any credit union and tend

to have more flexible investment options and

lower fees than 529 plans Contributions are

not tax-deductible but earnings grow tax-

free You can use funds for any educational

expense such as private high-school tuition

whereas 529 plans are just for college-level

education However Coverdell Accounts

also have lower contribution limits than 529

plans

Longo likes the 529 plans because she says

they offer the most tax advantages ldquoThe

money in there will grow tax freerdquo she says

ldquoWhen you take it out all of those earnings

come out tax freerdquo

There are other types of vehicles to use for

saving for college as well such as Roth IRAs

custodial accounts and trusts Talk to the

professionals at your credit union or your

financial planner for more information

You can begin building your education

nest egg at any time but you need a Social

Security number and name for 529 plans

and some other investments You can always

start the plans naming another child as a

beneficiary but yoursquod have to amend the

plan once your child is born Itrsquos easier to

wait until the birth

You can save as much you want in various

savings vehicles but most of the education-

specific savings options have limits

Longo cautions parents from

overcontributing college funds at the

expense of other needs ldquoYou can borrow

for college but you canrsquot borrow for

retirementrdquo she says noting that 529 plans

have stiff penalties for early withdrawals for

unqualified expenses ldquoMake sure you have

both [retirement and college] covered before

you start putting everything into the college

fundrdquo

How much does it cost to adopt a babyAdoption fees vary widely and itrsquos hard to pinpoint a figure However according to data

from Adoptive Families magazine nearly half of domestic newborn adoptions cost less

than $20000 and the majority cost less than $25000 Alternately more than 75 of

international adoptions cost more than $20000

If you need help with these expenses talk to a loan officer at your credit union

For more information about the costs and details associated with adoption visit

theadoptionguidecom

Turning Points 8 Preparing for Baby

Useful resources

copy2009 Credit Union National Association the trade association for credit unions in the US

babycentercom has a wealth of information on all things baby from finances to formula to friendship and beyond

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online ldquoCostthinspofthinspraisingthinspYourthinspChildrdquothinspcalculator

www360financialliteracyorg a consumer finance Web site published by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants offers

money-saving strategies for families at all stages

Visit the US Labor Departmentrsquos ldquoLifethinspChangesthinsprequirethinspHealththinspChoicesthinspKnowthinspYourthinspBenefitthinspoptionsrdquo for pregnancy childbirth and

adoption information

Parentsregthinspmagazine offers advice about money matters when raising kids

Page 6: Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby child-care costs. Those should be fairly easy to determine: You can call child-care

Turning Points 6 Preparing for Baby

Kline recommends waiting until the baby is

born before drafting the will Most states

recognize provisions that cover future

children but your will can be much more

specific about how your assets pass and

then are managed if you wait until you have

a name and Social Security number for your

child

Wills cover a lot of ground and each covers

unique assets and personal territory

However Kline says a will has two specific

purposes with respect to young children

1 The first is to name a guardian for the

children This guardian is the person who

will house feed shelter nurture educate

and otherwise raise your child should

something happen to both parents

2 The second purpose is to designate which

of your assets will pass to your child and

how they will be managed

The cost of drawing up a will varies

Working with an attorney can cost anywhere

from a few hundred to a few thousand

dollars depending on your market and the

complexity of your wills

Do I need a Social Security number for my babyNo You donrsquot have to apply for a Social

Security number (SSN) However most

parents do because you need one to claim

child-related tax deductions and credits to

add the child to your health plan to open

investment vehicles like 529 plans or to

purchase US savings bonds

If you give birth in a hospital chances are

that the hospital will give you (the mother)

a birth registration form Just check the

box to indicate that you want an SSN for

your baby Yoursquoll have to provide SSNs for

both parents to complete the form but the

hospital usually will process it with the rest of

your paperwork Once the card is issued the

Social Security Administration (SSA) will mail

it to the address you provided on the form

If you didnrsquot apply for a Social Security

card in the hospital then you can get a

card from the SSA Form SS-5 is available

online In most cases all you have to do is

print it fill it out and mail it in In some

cases you may need to take the application

to a local Social Security office or a Social

Security Card Center if one serves your area

Visit socialsecuritygov to find local office

addresses and phone numbers Be sure to

determine if you need to file in person before

you mail off the form as mistakes can delay

the process

If yoursquore adopting domestically and the baby

or child does not have an SSN you can apply

for one at any time even if the adoption is

not complete However the Social Security

Administration recommends waiting until

the adoption is complete so

that you can use the childrsquos

new name However

you can fill out Form

W-7A (Application

for Taxpayer

Identification

Number for Pending

US Adoptions)

while the adoption

is pending if you want

to claim the child for tax

purposes

If yoursquore adopting internationally you must

wait until the adoption is complete and the

child has entered the country

Do we need life insuranceFor most couples this definitely is a

question of what type of life insurance to

buy and not whether to get any Regardless

of whether just one or both of you will be

working when the baby arrives consider

how each spouse would manage if the

other passes away In most cases even

the nonworking spouse should be insured

While he or she may not have an income the

working spouse would have to cover child-

care expenses if the at-home parent were no

longer available to care for the child

The actual dollar amount of life insurance

yoursquoll need depends on individual

circumstances To come up with a reliable

What about disability insuranceMany couples overlook disability insurance Perhaps they assume disability insurance that an employer provides is adequate or they donrsquot consider the possibility that injury or

illness will prevent one of them from working or fulfilling

household duties Kevin Simpson manager of life and health product marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which provides insurance and financial services

to credit unions and their members) Waverly Iowa

says disability insurance is a critical component of a sound

financial plan He explains that parents of young children are more likely to become disabled than they are to die and disability often causes greater financial hardship for families than does the death of a spouse

Disability insurance is either short term or long term Many employers offer one or both but coverage may not be what you want or need Review what you have and discuss with an adviser what kind of additional coverage would be sensible

Turning Points 7 Preparing for Baby

figure meet with a financial adviser to

review your income expenses and any

educational goals or plans for your children

Factor in monthly mortgage auto loan

student loan and other debt payments

Consider other monthly payments including

food clothing utilities entertainment

insurance premiums and so on Donrsquot forget

annual real estate taxes

Yoursquoll also have to consider types of life

insurance Termthinsplifethinspinsurance is less

expensive while wholethinsplifethinspinsurance

accumulates cash value over time For young

families on a budget term insurance often

makes the most sense However Kevin

Simpson manager of life and health product

marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which

provides insurance and financial services to

credit unions and their members) Waverly

Iowa recommends exploring options with

an adviser as many carriers offer convertible

policies and other choices beyond the simple

term and whole life options

Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differentlyOnce adopted legally a child is treated the

same as any biological children However itrsquos

often during the period between placement

and when the adoption is finalized that

parents may encounter trouble says Chicago

adoption attorney Kathleen Hogan Morrison

Check health-insurance policies to see how

and when they begin coverage Morrison

advises Some extend coverage from date

of birth but others require proof of a

placement agreement a court order or other

documentation She also notes that ERISA

(Employee Retirement Income Security Act)

protects adopted children in that if your

health insurance would cover a biological

child it also must cover an adopted child

Maternity and paternity leave can be tricky

as well Morrison says Short-term disability

is not available to adoptive parents While

FMLA may offer the opportunity for unpaid

leave some employers are not governed by

the act Others simply donrsquot treat adoptive

parents the same way they do biological

parents

The bottom line Know your rights know

your policies and advocate for yourself and

your child

How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college educationAny kind of savings account or vehicle will

work Bolson says but education-specific

investments often offer desirable tax

advantages

There are two main ways to save for a childrsquos

education The Coverdell Education Savings

Account (ESA) and a 529 plan

Bolson likes Coverdell ESAs which can be

opened at almost any credit union and tend

to have more flexible investment options and

lower fees than 529 plans Contributions are

not tax-deductible but earnings grow tax-

free You can use funds for any educational

expense such as private high-school tuition

whereas 529 plans are just for college-level

education However Coverdell Accounts

also have lower contribution limits than 529

plans

Longo likes the 529 plans because she says

they offer the most tax advantages ldquoThe

money in there will grow tax freerdquo she says

ldquoWhen you take it out all of those earnings

come out tax freerdquo

There are other types of vehicles to use for

saving for college as well such as Roth IRAs

custodial accounts and trusts Talk to the

professionals at your credit union or your

financial planner for more information

You can begin building your education

nest egg at any time but you need a Social

Security number and name for 529 plans

and some other investments You can always

start the plans naming another child as a

beneficiary but yoursquod have to amend the

plan once your child is born Itrsquos easier to

wait until the birth

You can save as much you want in various

savings vehicles but most of the education-

specific savings options have limits

Longo cautions parents from

overcontributing college funds at the

expense of other needs ldquoYou can borrow

for college but you canrsquot borrow for

retirementrdquo she says noting that 529 plans

have stiff penalties for early withdrawals for

unqualified expenses ldquoMake sure you have

both [retirement and college] covered before

you start putting everything into the college

fundrdquo

How much does it cost to adopt a babyAdoption fees vary widely and itrsquos hard to pinpoint a figure However according to data

from Adoptive Families magazine nearly half of domestic newborn adoptions cost less

than $20000 and the majority cost less than $25000 Alternately more than 75 of

international adoptions cost more than $20000

If you need help with these expenses talk to a loan officer at your credit union

For more information about the costs and details associated with adoption visit

theadoptionguidecom

Turning Points 8 Preparing for Baby

Useful resources

copy2009 Credit Union National Association the trade association for credit unions in the US

babycentercom has a wealth of information on all things baby from finances to formula to friendship and beyond

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online ldquoCostthinspofthinspraisingthinspYourthinspChildrdquothinspcalculator

www360financialliteracyorg a consumer finance Web site published by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants offers

money-saving strategies for families at all stages

Visit the US Labor Departmentrsquos ldquoLifethinspChangesthinsprequirethinspHealththinspChoicesthinspKnowthinspYourthinspBenefitthinspoptionsrdquo for pregnancy childbirth and

adoption information

Parentsregthinspmagazine offers advice about money matters when raising kids

Page 7: Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby child-care costs. Those should be fairly easy to determine: You can call child-care

Turning Points 7 Preparing for Baby

figure meet with a financial adviser to

review your income expenses and any

educational goals or plans for your children

Factor in monthly mortgage auto loan

student loan and other debt payments

Consider other monthly payments including

food clothing utilities entertainment

insurance premiums and so on Donrsquot forget

annual real estate taxes

Yoursquoll also have to consider types of life

insurance Termthinsplifethinspinsurance is less

expensive while wholethinsplifethinspinsurance

accumulates cash value over time For young

families on a budget term insurance often

makes the most sense However Kevin

Simpson manager of life and health product

marketing with CUNA Mutual Group (which

provides insurance and financial services to

credit unions and their members) Waverly

Iowa recommends exploring options with

an adviser as many carriers offer convertible

policies and other choices beyond the simple

term and whole life options

Wersquore adoptingmdashis anything else handled differentlyOnce adopted legally a child is treated the

same as any biological children However itrsquos

often during the period between placement

and when the adoption is finalized that

parents may encounter trouble says Chicago

adoption attorney Kathleen Hogan Morrison

Check health-insurance policies to see how

and when they begin coverage Morrison

advises Some extend coverage from date

of birth but others require proof of a

placement agreement a court order or other

documentation She also notes that ERISA

(Employee Retirement Income Security Act)

protects adopted children in that if your

health insurance would cover a biological

child it also must cover an adopted child

Maternity and paternity leave can be tricky

as well Morrison says Short-term disability

is not available to adoptive parents While

FMLA may offer the opportunity for unpaid

leave some employers are not governed by

the act Others simply donrsquot treat adoptive

parents the same way they do biological

parents

The bottom line Know your rights know

your policies and advocate for yourself and

your child

How can I start saving for my babyrsquos college educationAny kind of savings account or vehicle will

work Bolson says but education-specific

investments often offer desirable tax

advantages

There are two main ways to save for a childrsquos

education The Coverdell Education Savings

Account (ESA) and a 529 plan

Bolson likes Coverdell ESAs which can be

opened at almost any credit union and tend

to have more flexible investment options and

lower fees than 529 plans Contributions are

not tax-deductible but earnings grow tax-

free You can use funds for any educational

expense such as private high-school tuition

whereas 529 plans are just for college-level

education However Coverdell Accounts

also have lower contribution limits than 529

plans

Longo likes the 529 plans because she says

they offer the most tax advantages ldquoThe

money in there will grow tax freerdquo she says

ldquoWhen you take it out all of those earnings

come out tax freerdquo

There are other types of vehicles to use for

saving for college as well such as Roth IRAs

custodial accounts and trusts Talk to the

professionals at your credit union or your

financial planner for more information

You can begin building your education

nest egg at any time but you need a Social

Security number and name for 529 plans

and some other investments You can always

start the plans naming another child as a

beneficiary but yoursquod have to amend the

plan once your child is born Itrsquos easier to

wait until the birth

You can save as much you want in various

savings vehicles but most of the education-

specific savings options have limits

Longo cautions parents from

overcontributing college funds at the

expense of other needs ldquoYou can borrow

for college but you canrsquot borrow for

retirementrdquo she says noting that 529 plans

have stiff penalties for early withdrawals for

unqualified expenses ldquoMake sure you have

both [retirement and college] covered before

you start putting everything into the college

fundrdquo

How much does it cost to adopt a babyAdoption fees vary widely and itrsquos hard to pinpoint a figure However according to data

from Adoptive Families magazine nearly half of domestic newborn adoptions cost less

than $20000 and the majority cost less than $25000 Alternately more than 75 of

international adoptions cost more than $20000

If you need help with these expenses talk to a loan officer at your credit union

For more information about the costs and details associated with adoption visit

theadoptionguidecom

Turning Points 8 Preparing for Baby

Useful resources

copy2009 Credit Union National Association the trade association for credit unions in the US

babycentercom has a wealth of information on all things baby from finances to formula to friendship and beyond

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online ldquoCostthinspofthinspraisingthinspYourthinspChildrdquothinspcalculator

www360financialliteracyorg a consumer finance Web site published by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants offers

money-saving strategies for families at all stages

Visit the US Labor Departmentrsquos ldquoLifethinspChangesthinsprequirethinspHealththinspChoicesthinspKnowthinspYourthinspBenefitthinspoptionsrdquo for pregnancy childbirth and

adoption information

Parentsregthinspmagazine offers advice about money matters when raising kids

Page 8: Preparing for Babyhffo.cuna.org/download/2623_turningpoint.pdfTurning Points 3 Preparing for Baby child-care costs. Those should be fairly easy to determine: You can call child-care

Turning Points 8 Preparing for Baby

Useful resources

copy2009 Credit Union National Association the trade association for credit unions in the US

babycentercom has a wealth of information on all things baby from finances to formula to friendship and beyond

To find out how much yoursquoll spend raising your little one visit Babycenterrsquos online ldquoCostthinspofthinspraisingthinspYourthinspChildrdquothinspcalculator

www360financialliteracyorg a consumer finance Web site published by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants offers

money-saving strategies for families at all stages

Visit the US Labor Departmentrsquos ldquoLifethinspChangesthinsprequirethinspHealththinspChoicesthinspKnowthinspYourthinspBenefitthinspoptionsrdquo for pregnancy childbirth and

adoption information

Parentsregthinspmagazine offers advice about money matters when raising kids