Preparedness for the detection of emerging-and re-emerging pathogens in Croatia
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Transcript of Preparedness for the detection of emerging-and re-emerging pathogens in Croatia
Preparedness for the detection of Preparedness for the detection of emerging-and re-emerging pathogens emerging-and re-emerging pathogens
in Croatiain CroatiaAlemka Markotić, MD, PhD
Associate professor
University Hospital for Infectious DiseasesDepartment for Research
Department for Cinical ImmunologyZagrebCroatia
HistoryHistory• The University Hospital for Infectious Diseases was founded in the spring was founded in the spring
of 1893of 1893, under the name of the City Hospital for Contagious DiseasesCity Hospital for Contagious Diseases
Central Diagnostic Laboratory
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HantavirusesHantaviruses
POZITIVAN
GRANIČAN
NEGATIVAN
Serology – acute case detection and Serology – acute case detection and sero-surveysero-survey
• Puumala and Dobrava viruses
• ELISA (IgM, IgG – reagents provided by CDC)
• POC
Markotić et al. Nature Med 1995Markotić et al. Nature Med 1996Markotić et al. J Med Virol 2002Markotić et al Scand Infect Dis 2002Miletić Medved M et al. Lancet 2002Markotić et al. Croat Med J 2002
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Markotić et al. J Med Virol 2002Cvetko et al. J Med Virol 2005Cvetko et al. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2006 Plyusnina A et al. J Med Virol 2011Tadin A et al. VBZD (under review)
Molecular detection – human and Molecular detection – human and rodents samplesrodents samples
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Puumala, Dobrava, Tula, Saarema viruses
Markotić A et al. J Gen Virol 2003
Markotić A et al. Coll Antropol 2007
Culture based Culture based techniquestechniques
VeroVero E6MRC-5
293-HEKTHP-1
Prim. monocytes
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Merdić E. et al., Infektološki glasnik (Croatian Journal of Infection) 2008; 1: 17-21.Out of 50 mosquito species recorded in Croatia, 15 have potential medical significance. Anopheles atroparvus, An. plumbeus, An. sacharovi, Culex pipiens, and Aedes albopictus are among the most significant species that are potential vectors in Croatia. Climatic changes play an important role in changing the condition of habitats, making it possible for new species to enter certain areas. The tiger mosquito was recorded in Croatia in 2004, and it can now be found in Istria, and more increasingly in Zadar, Šibenik, Split and Dubrovnik, with new sites found on the islands of Cres and Lošinj, which are very attractive tourist destinations.
• Combined Ag/Ab POC test
• OneStep RT-PCR
• Nested PCR
• Sequencing
• Virus isolation
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 tip DENVPozi
tivna
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AF311958/Brazil 1997
AF513110/Brazil 2001
AF311957/Brazil 1997
AF311956/Brazil 1997
AF514883/Paragvaj 2000
AF514885/Argentina 2000
AF226685/Brazil 1990
AF226687/Francuska Gujana 1989
AF514878/Paragvaj 2000
Pacijent 1
Pacijent 2
Pacijent 3
AY732474/Tajland 1980
EU179860/Bahrain 2006
AY762084/Singapur 1993
FJ225446/Sri Lanka 1997
FJ225448/Sri Lanka 2004
AF298807/Obala Bjelokosti 1999
DENV1 Genotip V
DENV1 Genotip II AF180817/Tajland 1964
AY858983/Indonezija 2004
U88535/Otok Nauru 1974
AB189121/Indonezija 1998
AB189120/Indonezija 1998
AB074761/Indonezija 1988
AB204803/Japan 2004
DQ285561/Sejseli 2004
AB195673/Sejseli 2003
DQ285560/Otok Reunion 2004
DENV1 Genotip IV
AB074760/Japan 1943
AF298808/Djibuti 1998
AF309641/Kambodza 1998
AF350498/Kina 1980
DENV1 Genotip I
DENV2 U87411/Tajland 1984
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Dengue virus 1-4Dengue virus 1-4(human samples, mosquitos)(human samples, mosquitos)
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Tick-borne encephalitisTick-borne encephalitis(human samples, ticks)(human samples, ticks)
• ELISA• PCR• Sequencing• Virus isolation (in the pipeline)
• PCR• ELISA (temporary)
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West Nile VirusWest Nile Virus(human samples, mosquitos)(human samples, mosquitos)
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Chikungunya virusChikungunya virus(human samples, mosquitos)(human samples, mosquitos)
• PCR
• H1, H3, H1N1 2009• POC• PCR• Sequencing
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Influenza AInfluenza A(human samples)(human samples)
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In the pipeline – molecular dgIn the pipeline – molecular dg
• CCHF
• Other hemorrhagic fevers
• Poxvirus
• Rickettsia
• Virus isolation and immunopathogenesis research – ntl and intl research resources?
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Greetings from Croatia and thank you for the attention !