Prepared by Marilyn Rausch Indiana FCRV DAT Program Based on American Red Cross Participant’s...
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Transcript of Prepared by Marilyn Rausch Indiana FCRV DAT Program Based on American Red Cross Participant’s...
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
BASIC FIRST AIDInitial Management of Skeletal and Soft
Tissue InjuriesPrepared by Marilyn RauschIndiana FCRV DAT ProgramBased on American Red Cross Participant’s Manual, 3rd edition
Emphasis today is on a Conscious injured
person
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
IF •the person is not conscious
First •Activate the EMS system (call 911)
Then •Perform basic CPR
Check Temperature
Check Neck
Check shoulders
Check Chest and Abdomen
Check arms
Check legs
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Approach to a Conscious
injured person
Check skin with the back of your
hand
Ask person to move head from side to
side
Ask person to shrug shouldersAsk person
to breathe deeply
Ask person to
move fingers, hands
and arms
Ask person to bend legs
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
If there are no obvious injuries
Help the person into a
comfortable position
Help the person to slowly stand
when ready
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
If there are obvious injuries
Take action CALL 9-1-1
Stop bleeding
Minimize shockSplint possible fractures
Controlling external bleeding
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
CHECK AREA (for safety)
CHECK PERSON (use standard precautions)
Controlling external bleeding
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Use disposable gloves and other personal protective equipment whenever possible.
Always wash hands well with soap and water after treating a cut.
Controlling external bleeding
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Cover wound with a sterile dressing Apply direct pressure until bleeding stops
Controlling external bleeding
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Cover Dressing with bandage
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Controlling external bleeding
If bleeding does not stop, apply more pressure
Take steps to minimize shock*
Call 9-1-1 if not already done
Help victim lie down
Elevate legs about 12”
Keep person from getting chilled or
overheated
Do NOT give food or drink
Offer reassurance
Monitor the person’s airway, breathing and
circulation
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Prevent or minimize
shock
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
PRACTICE TIME
Applying a soft splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
CHECK AREA (for safety)
CHECK PERSON (use standard precautions)
Applying a soft splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
•Folded Blanket•Towel•pillow
Use soft materials
•Use folded to tie the splint•Make a sling
Triangular
bandage
Support the injured body part above and below the site of the injury.
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Applying a Soft Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying a Soft Splint
Check for feeling, warmth and color.(If unable to check for warmth and color, just check for feeling)
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3rd edition
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Applying a Soft Splint
• Place several folded triangular bandages above and below the injured body part
Applying a Soft Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
• Gently wrap a soft object (a folded blanket or towel) around the injured body part.
Applying a Soft Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
• Tie triangular bandages securely with knots.
Applying a Soft Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
• Check again for feeling, warmth and color.• (If unable to check for warmth and color, just check for feeling)
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
PRACTICE TIME
Applying a rigid splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
CHECK AREA (for safety)
CHECK PERSON (use standard precautions)
Applying a rigid splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
•Boards•Folded magazines or newspapers•Metal strips (no sharp edges!)
Material
s
Applying a
RIGID Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
• Support the injured body part above and below the area of the injury.
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Applying a RIGID Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
• Check for feeling, warmth and color.
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Applying a RIGID Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3rd edition
• Place the rigid splint (board) under the injured body part and the joints that are above and below the injured body part.
Applying a
RIGID Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3rd edition
• Tie several folded Triangular bandages above and below the injured body part.
Applying a RIGID Splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
• Recheck for feeling, warmth and color
Applying a RIGID Splint
If a rigid splint is used on an injured forearm, immobilize the wrist and
the elbow. Bind the arm to the chest, using folded triangular
bandages, or apply a sling.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
PRACTICE TIME
Applying an anatomic splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
CHECK AREA (for safety)
CHECK PERSON (use standard precautions)
Applying an anatomic splint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
•Arm braced to chest•Injured leg braced to uninjured leg•“Buddy taping” fingers or toes to adjacent digit.
The person’s body is the splint
Applying an
AnatomicSplint
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
• Support the injured body part above and below the site of the injury.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying an Anatomic
Splint
• Check for feeling, warmth and color
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying an
AnatomicSplint
• Place several folded triangular bandages above and below the injured body part.
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying an
AnatomicSplint
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
• Place the uninjured body part next to the injured body part.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying an
AnatomicSplint
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
• Tie triangular bandages securely.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying an
AnatomicSplint
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
• Recheck for feeling, warmth and color.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
PRACTICE TIME
Applying a sling and binder
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
CHECK AREA (for safety)
CHECK PERSON (use standard precautions)
Applying a sling and binder
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
•Injuries to shoulder•Injuries to upper arm•Injuries to elbow•Supporting splints placed on forearm or wrist.
Uses
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying a sling and
binder
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Support the injured body part above and below the site of the injury.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying a sling and
binder
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Check for feeling, warmth and color.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying a sling and
binder
Photos and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3rd edition
Place a triangular bandage under the injured arm and over the uninjured shoulder to form a sling.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying a sling
and binder
Tie the ends of the sling at the side of the neck.
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying a sling
and binder
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3 rd edition
Bind the injured body part to the chest with a folded triangular bandage
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
Applying a sling
and binder
Photo and information from American Red Cross Participant’s manual, 3rd edition
Recheck for feeling, warmth and color.
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
PRACTICE TIME
Indiana FCRV DAT Program 2008
The End