PREPARATION OF THE TRAINING MATERIAL
Transcript of PREPARATION OF THE TRAINING MATERIAL
PREPARATION OF THE TRAINING MATERIAL
By
Dr. U. M. Farooqui
Objectives:
At the end of the lecture, trainees will be able to –§ List the types of Training Material§ Explain the procedure for development of
the Training Material§ Explain the methods for validation of the
Training Material
Structure of the Lecture :
The structure of the lecture will be to describe –§ Types of the Training Material§ Need for the Training Material§ Sources of the Training Material§ Planning for the training material§ Preparation of the training material§ The methods for validation of the training
material
What is Training Material
“The material used by the trainers for effective delivery of training”
§Material used by the trainers themselves
§ Those distributed to the participants during the course for upgrading their knowledge and skill
5
Training Material Includes…
§ Transparencies§ Flipchart§ Handouts§ Exercises etc* It does not include Chalk, Markers, Overhead
Projectors, Blank Transparencies, Note Pads etc
Role of Training Material
§ Enhance Effectiveness of the Training
§ Contribute to achievement of the Objectives
§ Reduce duration of the Training
Identify Training Needs
PERFORMANCE
ImplementTraining
Plan & DesignTraining
Assess Results
8
Development of Training Material
According to some authors…According to some authors…It is distinct stage in the “Systematic Approach to Training”It is distinct stage in the “Systematic Approach to Training”
Types of Training Material
§ TRAINER MATERIALMaterial required by Trainer in the classroom
§ LEARNER MATERIALMaterial for classroom useMaterial for post course use
Types of Training Material – Schematic Diagram
Trainer Material Learner Material
Training Material
Process Sheet, Visuals,Instructions for Games & Exercises etc.
For Post Course UseFor classroom Use
HandoutsPre-course Reading MaterialCase StudiesDescriptions/ Scripts, Exercises
HandoutsPerformance aids
TRAINER MATERIAL• Process sheet:§ The topic§ Content in brief§ Methods of delivery (Lecture, Group
discussion, exercise, Case Study, etc.,)§ Hardware (OHP, Flip Chart, etc.) and software
(Handout, Checklists, Visuals, etc.) requiredfor the session§ The questions to be raised by the faculty§ Questions which may be raised by the
participants§ Examples for reinforcement of learning
TRAINING MATERIAL …… contd.
§ Visuals: Variety of Visual Aids such as, Power Point, slide shows, Transparencies, Flip charts, White/Chalk Board, Models, etc.§ Instruction Sheets for conducting exercises,
Case Studies, etc. § Key containing the answers for the questions
in the exercises, quiz, etc. § Checklist for logistics to organize the course
MATERIAL FOR DISTRIBUTION
Two Broad categories:
§ Material for classroom use
§ Material for Post-course use
MATERIAL FOR CLASSROOM USE• Handouts:§ Post-course reference material for extended
learning§ Used during the duration of the course
• Pre-Course Reading Material (PCRM):§ Reading materials sent in advance to ensure
participants possess the requisite level ofknowledge at the time of commencement of thecourse§ To improve divergence in the Entry behavior§ For reducing the duration of the course
Material for classroom use…. Contd.
• Checklists:§ Used for completing the exercises, group
exercises, etc.§ Checklists are also used as Performance Aids to
facilitate job performance after the course isover.
• Case Studies:§ Role Descriptions/script§ Exercises. Instructions sheets on exercises, games,
etc.
Material for classroom use…. Contd.
§ Role Descriptions/Scripts:These are necessary before a Role Play is conducted.§ Exercises: May be a part of the delivery
process or used for reinforcement of learning. Also serve as a tool for Assessment in the learning.§ Instruction Sheets: on Exercises, Games etc.
Post Course Reading Material
§ HANDOUTS: Meant to extend learning and may contain material for reference on as required basis.§ PERFORMANCE AIDS: Prepared by the
trainers to facilitate the job performance§ Check List§ Tip List§ Task Lists§ Etc.
Need for the Training Material
§ Normally it is desirable to have handouts on the content in the course§ Pre-course material needed for reducing the
course duration or smoothening the Entry Behavior.§ When topics covered through Case Study,
Role Play, Exercise, Games etc need specific Training Material.§ Performance Aids
Source of Training Material§ Books§ Journals§ Research papers§ Other publications§ Articles in the Web Pages§ Material used by similar training institutions§ Material prepared in the past on related topics§ Materials specifically prepared for the course
Factors for the choice of Material
§ Cost of preparation, replication & distribution§ Time available for preparation§ Expertise available for preparation§ Extent of suitability of material§ Entry behavior of the learner§ Resources available with the
learner/trainers/ training institutions
Advantages & Disadvantages
§ Giving Reference of a Book or an Article will save replication & distribution of copied.§ Only when appropriate library support is
there
§ Reference of article on web page is helpful,§ Only when participants have access to
Internet facility
Advantages & Disadvantages….contd.
§ Material used by similar traininginstitutions
§ Materials prepared in the past on relatedtopics
§ Materials specifically prepared for a course
Planning of Training Material
§ What for it is prepared?§ For Whom it is prepared?§ How it is to be used?§ When it is to be used?
For example Handouts prepared for common starting point.For example an exercise could be for generating discussion
Planning of Training Material…contd
Second Consideration§ Profile of the Learner
Age, experience, educational level, motivation for learning, preferred style of learning, time available etc.§ Diverse entry behavior
Care should be taken that the material is suitable for a wide spectrum of learners.
Preparation of the Training Material
• Depends on type of material, Handout or a case study or Exercise
• Two common aspects§ Content§ Presentation
Content of the Training Material
§ Content should be determined on the basis of the Objectives§ Objective should be in learner’s terms§ What learner should be able to do after going
through the material§ Desirable to have objectives written on the
top of the material, especially in handouts
Content of the Training Material … contd
§ Identification of source of information – UN Conventions§ Contacting the Source – If necessary§ Checking the authenticity of the information§ Segregating required data from available data§ Prioritization of the information§ Finalization of the data to be included in the
training material
Mind Mapping - Spray Diagram
Focus on the Objectives & let your imagination riot over the topic§ Without which Objectives cannot be achieved
- MUST§ Which facilitates achievement of Objectives
- SHOULD§ Nice to have for fulfillment of Objectives
- COULD§ NEXT-Determination of data/info on the
points
DECIDING CONTENT
COULD
OBJECTIVE
MUST
29
SHOULD
STRUCTURING THE CONTENT
• Where a trainee is preparedfor instruction
• where instruction is carriedout and a trainee learns
• where instruction isconsolidated and objectiveachieved.
BEGINNING
MIDDLE
END
30
Actual Preparation –After content is finalized
§ Desirable to give a short & catchy TITLE§ Objective of the material may be explained at
the top of the material§ The reader for whom material is meant may
be mentioned
Actual Preparation –After content is finalized …contd.§ Opening line of the paragraph – indication of
the content § Organize paragraph – Each dealing with a
single idea§ Provide appropriate margin – white space
increases readability§ Follow appropriate numbering scheme for
sub-headings & paragraphs
Actual Preparation– After the content is finalized …cont.§ Maintain uniform scheme for alignment,
indenting, bulleting, font styles like bold, italics etc.§ Chose appropriate font type & font size§ Make language simple to read§ Provide illustrations where necessary§ Use figures, tables, charts etc where necessary§ Provide information on authorship § Acknowledge the contribution
Validation of the Training material
§ Whether it meets requirement?§ Whether the objectives are met?§ Whether the information is authentic?§ Whether suitable for the users?§ Whether it will sustain readers learner interest?§ Whether made simpler & easier to read?§ Whether flexible to suit variations in the entry
Behavior of the target group?
Measures for Validation
§ Review by the author§ Review by experts§ Conducting validation workshops§ Pilot run
SUMMARY
Today we have learnt –§ Types of the Training Material§ Need for the Training Material§ Sources of the Training Material§ Planning for the training material§ The procedure for Development of the training
material§ Development of training material for online training
session§ The methods for validation of the training
material
Thank You
Check list for LECTURE
PLANNING§ Identify topic§ Prepare a spray diagram§ Edit spray diagram to identify MUST items§ Express MUST items as an objective§ Consider entry behavior of trainees§ Consider size of group§ Decide Structure to be used
Check list for LECTURE …….. Cotd.
§ Consider visual aid hardware available§ Prepare formal visual presentation of major
points§ Consider informal visual aids§ Decide when to invite questions§ Decide timing§ Decide how learning/performance is to be
assessed
Check list for LECTURE …….. Cotd
§ Write lecture notes§ Check timing§ Check accommodation§ Check equipments
INTRODUCTION§ Gain attention/rapport§ Explain for learning topic§ State Objective§ Link to entry Behavior§ State participation§ Outline content & structure§ State finish time
Check list for LECTURE …….. Cotd.
Check list for LECTURE …….. Cotd.
DEVELOPMENT§ Modulate voice to suit size of the group§ Avoid reading lecture notes§ Use language appropriate to trainees§ Keep check of estimated time§ Give relevant examples to in support§ Maintain eye contact§ Present visual aids only when needed
Check list for LECTURE …….. Cotd.
§ Avoid reading visual presentation word to word§ Assess trainee’s reaction and adjust if
necessary§ Assist learning by use of informal visual aids§ Check trainees understanding where
appropriate§ Where possible invite trainees participation
Check list for LECTURE …….. Cotd.
SUMMARY § Restate purpose/reason for learning about topic§ Restate objective§ Review content & major points§ Invite final question§ Carryout performance assessment where
appropriate§ Give feedback
Development of Training Material– Reinforcement Quiz
Please indicate whether following statements are TRUE or FALSE
1. The Course Material forms an integral part of the training process.
2. Selection of course material does not depend on the duration of the course.
3. Objectives must be stated at the beginning of every handout distributed in the training course.
Development of Training Material– Reinforcement Quiz ….contd.
5. Age of the target group is a factor to be considered while preparing the training material
6. Training material can be useful only for up gradation of knowledge and not for skill development.
7. Some training material may help to reduce and save the time of training.
Development of Training Material– Reinforcement Quiz ….contd.
8. Visual Aids used do not fall under the category of training material
9. The author of the training material need not be present in the validation workshop.
10. The training material should use the same type and size of font the font through out.
Development of Training Material– Reinforcement Quiz ….contd.Arrange the following in chronological order
a) Pilot runb) Identification of an appropriate source of
information.c) Conducting workshop to validate material.d) Identification types of material required to
be developed.e) Literature study
Development of Training Material– Reinforcement Quiz ….contd.
f) Determination of margins and alignmentsg) Spray Diagramh) Setting up of the objectivesg) Acknowledgment of the contributors.h) Identification of the margins and alignments.