Submitted to: Prof. Quan

Submitted by:

Liu Weikai

Wu Xiao

Ziaur Rahman

Mainul Morshed(Mai Ni)

Preparation of Poly Acrylate Binder for Pigment Printing

Topic

Key Points

ObjectivesBinderProperties of Pigment Printing BinderSelection of MonomersRecipeCalculation of Tg of MonomerProcedureDesign Summarization

Objectives

The aim of our task is to synthesize a good quality of binder which can be used for pigment printing process.

Binder

Binders plays key role in pigment printing. Binder are monomers which on heating get converted into polymers. Just by simple heating, no pressure , no steaming , no electricity.Binder actually hold the pigment color and sandwich it between fabric surface and plastic coating and this coating help color to stick there and stand with high and severe conditions.In addition to binder an other component is also added to the textile pigment printing paste and that is called fixer. Fixers are mostly formaldehyde based, which helps in strengthening of binder to hold on pigment.

Properties of Pigment Printing binder

Binder should be soft, good film, high strength, good elasticity, excellent wash ability, strong adhesion, light color, excellent transparency, excellent light fast ness, low cost and easy to implement production etc.The softness and strength of the binder film can be adjusted according to the ratio of soft and hard monomers.Physical appearance should be transparentpH should be 7 to 8. And Cons. 33% ± 1% polymer contains & 38% ± 1% Solids.Good resistant ability to solvent.Good rubbing fastness (wet & dry)

Selection of Monomers

1. Butyl acrylate:

Properties:1)Soft monomer,2) Tg is -570C3)Good elasticity,4)Excellent Softness,5)Good resistant to solvents,6)Excellent heat resistance,7)Good wet rub fastness,8)Poor dry rub fastness.

Selection of Monomers

2. Ethyl Acrylate

Properties:1)Soft monomer,2) Tg is -240C3)Good elasticity,4)Excellent Softness,5)Good resistant to solvents,6)Excellent heat resistance,7)Poor wet rub fastness,8)Good dry rub fastness.

Selection of Monomers

3. Methyl Methacrylate:

Properties: Hard monomerTg is 1050C,Good elasticity,Moderate softness,Excellent heat resistance,Good dry rub fastness,Poor wet rub fastness.

H2C

CH3

O

O

CH3

Selection of Monomers

4. Styrene:

Properties:1) Hard monomer2)Tg is 1000C,3)Poor elasticity,4)Poor softness,5)Good dry rub fastness.6)Good wet rub fastness

Selection of Monomers

5. N-hydroxymethyl Acrylamide:

Properties:1)Cross linking monomer,2)Helps to increase the fastness,3)Cross linked between both fibres & the monomers

Selection of Monomers

6. Acrylic Acid:

Properties:1) Functional monomer,2) Makes bond with cross linked monomers

Recipe

Materials Amount of chem. Percentage(%)

Ethyl Acrylate (EA) 7.5 gm. 15%

Styrene (ST) 7.5 gm. 15%

Methyl Methacrylate 16 gm. 32%

Butyl Acrylate (BA) 17 gm. 34%

Acrylic Acid (AA) 1 gm. 2%

N- Hydroxy Methyl Acrylamide 1 gm. 2%

Total 50 gm. 100 %

Ammonium per sulphate(APS) 0.25 gm. 0.5% of total monomer

Alkyl phenol ethoxylates OP-10Sodium dodecyl sulphate K-12

1 gm.0.5 gm.

4% of total monomer

Ammonium water(20% ) As required Until pH is 7

Soft water 120.75 70 % of total material

Calculation of Tg of Polymer

Equation:

Where,

W1,W2,W3……Wn are weight of respective monomer &

Tg1,Tg2,Tg3……Tgn are glass transition temperature of respective monomer.

3

1 3

n1 2

2

1

gg g g ng

WW W

T T T T

W

T= + + ……++

Calculation of Tg of Polymer

The calculated Tg of our Poly Acrylate binder is 180C/ 291 K.

During the calculation we omitted two functional group because of their little amount in synthesizing of polymer.

The range of Balanced Tg is---

10 ≤ Tg ≤ 25

That means our resultant polymer will be in balanced condition.

Procedure

Step I → Emulsify the monomer with surfactants at room temperature. Take OP-10 and K-12, then add 20% of total water and put all the monomer one by one at 5 minutes of time interval. Then run about 30 minutes at room temperature with continuous stirring.

Step II → Make the solution of Initiators. Add 0.25 gms of Ammonia per sulphate in 20 ml of water.

Step III → Take 1/6 parts pre-emulsion in a 3 neck bottle; add remaining 80% of total water, then raises the temp. With continuous stirring. At temp 75˚C, add 1/3 parts of initiators in the pre-emulsion solutions and run about 20 minutes. Continue the process till for observing the blue beam in mixtures solutions.

Step IV → When blue beam observed then remaining 5/6 parts of pre-emulsion and 2/3 parts of initiators put into the reactor simultaneously one by one in 90 minutes of time intervals at 80˚C temp.

Step V → Increase the temp from 80˚C to 85˚C and keep it about 30 minutes. Stirring speed should be slower. Run the process till for observing sweet smell. (Note: If sweet smell not found or strong smell observed then add 10% extra initiators to the mixtures. Need to run another 20 min. at 85˚C.).

Step VI → When sweet smell is observed, lower the temperature at 40˚C.Nuetralize the solutions by adding ammonia water (20%) to the solutions mixtures until PH=7 is not achieved.

Step VII → Lower the temperature of the solution to room temperature and collect all the segments and residue by filtration. Wash the entire residue and dry it at 105˚C for 90 minutes.

Design summarization

This design we have to understand the emulsion polymerization technique by using soft, hard and functional monomers. Also our realization is that, emulsion polymerization is a type of radical polymerization that usually starts with an emulsion incorporating water, monomer, and surfactant. With increasing proportion of monomers in the formulation which could be due to the lower reactivity of monomers for radical polymerization in the presence of these others monomers. More study for the utilization of monomers in polymer synthesis is needed which, on successful optimization, would give a cost-effective alternative to various commercial areas.