T R O P I C A L F R U I T S

PRELIMINARY MARKET RESULTS

2019

MAJO R T R O P I C A L FRUITS

MAJOR TROPICAL FRUITS

PRELIMINARY MARKET RESULTS

2019

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsRome, 2020

MAJOR TROPICAL FRUITS

PRELIMINARY MARKET RESULTS

2019

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsRome, 2020

COMMITTEE ON COMMODITY PROBLEMS INTERGOVERNMENTAL GROUP ON BANANAS AND TROPICAL FRUITS

Required citation:FAO. 2020. Major tropical fruits - Preliminary market results 2019. Rome.

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Contents

Foreword iv

Note on Methodology iv

Developments in major tropical fruit trade - Preliminary results for 2019 1

Overview 1Prices 2

Commodity briefs 3

Mango, mangosteen and guava 3Pineapple 5Avocado 7Papaya 9

Annex 10

Mango, mangosteen and guava 10Pineapple 12Avocado 14Papaya 16

iv

Foreword

This report is issued on an annual basis to Members and Observers of the Sub-Group on Tropical Fruits of the Intergovernmental Group on Bananas and Tropical Fruits, which is a subsidiary body of the Committee on Commodity Problems (CCP). It is prepared by the Team on International Investment and Tropical Fruits, Trade and Market Division, FAO, Rome, and the tables contained bring together the information available to FAO, supplemented by data obtained from other sources in particular with regard to preliminary estimates.

The Team on International Investment and Tropical Fruits provides research and analyses on agricultural investments in developing countries, and economic data and analyses on tropical fruits. Regular publications include market reviews, outlook appraisals and projections for bananas and tropical fruits. The team also provides assistance to developing countries in designing and implementing national policies regarding responsible investment in agriculture. The report is available at the following FAO website: http://www.fao.org/economic/est/est-commodities/tropical-fruits/en/ .

Preliminary data and information in this market review were compiled from communications with national sources and industry partners in trading countries, monthly data from TDM and COMTRADE and secondary information and data from desk research. Predictions for 2019 trade data were produced using a seasonally adjusted forecast model and expert considerations on current and most recent market developments and refer to trade in fresh or dried major tropical fruits as per their respective HS-code definitions. All data in this report should be considered as provisional. The term ‘tropical fruits’ used in this report does not include bananas, which are addressed in a separate report.

Note on Methodology

1

Developments in major tropical fruit trade - Preliminary results for 2019 Overview

Provisional estimates indicate that world trade in major tropical fruits will reach a new record of 7.8 million tonnes in 2019, following an estimated expansion of 9.6 percent or 690 000 tonnes from the previous year. All four major tropical fruits witnessed fairly positive supply situations as well as ample growth in demand during the first nine months of the year, particularly from China, where rising incomes and changing consumer preferences are driving elevated interest in tropical fruits. This was especially conducive to global exports of mangosteen and pineapple over this period, as Chinese production, which is largely restricted to very short harvesting periods, was unable to keep up with the growth in domestic demand. The commodity cluster mango, guava and mangosteen is accordingly expected to register the largest expansion in volume terms in 2019, by 380 000 tonnes, primarily on account of substantially higher shipments of mangosteen from Thailand to China. Similarly as a result of higher volumes from the Philippines to China, exports of pineapple are projected to display the second largest increase in 2019, in excess of 140 000 tonnes. Global shipments of avocado continued to benefit from strong import demand in the key markets of the United States of America and the European Union, in view of the fruit’s popular taste features and assumed health benefits. Exports of papaya have shown a recovery from the production declines of the previous years but continued to be negatively affected by further phytosanitary concerns, in particular during the first half of 2019.

Globally, pineapple, avocado and mango continue to be the three most significantly traded tropical fruits, bananas aside. On the back of rapidly growing demand for mangosteen from China, export volumes of the commodity cluster mango, guava and mangosteen are projected to gain 3 percentage points in global volume share in 2019, exceeding one quarter of total world tropical fruit trade. Exports of pineapple and avocado, meanwhile, are estimated to remain in the ballpark of their previous year’s respective volume shares of approximately 40 and 30 percent. The popularity of pineapples in world trade is primarily driven by the fruit’s extremely low average export unit values, while demand for avocados remains fairly inelastic in both the United States of America and the European Union.

Major tropical fruitsEstimated 2019 export volume by type

Major tropical fruits Global aggregate export volumes by region

0123456789

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Thousand tonnes

Africa Asia Central America and the Carribean South America Other

Avocado29%

Pineapple41%

Papaya4%

Mango26%

TOTAL

2

Major Tropical Fruits - Preliminary Results • 2019

follow their regular seasonal variations over the first ten months of 2019, but ranged on average 6 percent higher than over the same period of the previous year as a result of demand outstripping supply. Indicative export unit values of pineapples remained virtually flat in light of a steady supply and demand situation, while indicative export unit values of papaya displayed a sharp upward trend starting from August 2019. However, as a result of higher supplies which were not met by an equivalent increase in demand, the annual average unit value for papayas stood 3 percent lower between January and October 2019 than in the same period of the previous year.

Prices

At the time of writing, world indicative export unit values were available from January until October 2019. During this period, price movements of all four major tropical fruits continued to closely reflect their respective supply and demand conditions. Most distinctly, unit values of avocados soared from April 2019 onwards, on account of supply shortages in the major exporters Mexico and Peru and strong demand in major import markets, peaking at USD 4 000 per tonne in July 2019. World indicative export unit values for mangoes, meanwhile, continued to largely

Major tropical fruits World indicative export values

January 2015 to October 2019

0

500

1 000

1 500

2 000

2 500

3 000

3 500

4 000

4 500

1/1/2017 7/3/2017 1/2/2018 7/4/2018 1/3/2019 7/5/2019

USD/tonne

Pineapple Avocado Mango Papaya

3

Commodity Briefs

Mango, mangosteen and guava1

Global exports of fresh mangoes, mangosteens and guavas are estimated to grow to 2 million tonnes in 2019, following an increase of 23 percent, or 380 000 tonnes, from the previous year. This places the commodity cluster as the fastest growing group among the major tropical fruits in 2019. The main driver of this strongly positive development is a near 90-percent expansion in exports from Thailand, which are estimated to reach 480 000 tonnes in 2019. Exports from the country benefited from exceptionally fast growth in import demand for mangosteen from China, with shipments increasing by a reported 265 percent year-on-year between January and October 2019, to a total of 289 000 tonnes. Rising incomes and changing consumer preferences in China can mainly be considered accountable for this, with mangosteen particularly sought after due to the fruit’s assumed health benefits. At an average export unit value of USD 1 300 per tonne for shipments from Thailand to China during the first ten months of 2019, mangosteen ranks among the most valuable tropical fruits available

in global markets. Consequently, Thailand is assumed to overtake Mexico as the largest global exporter of mangoes, guavas and mangosteens in 2019, and set to reach an estimated global volume share of 25 percent, equivalent of approximately 480 000 tonnes. Exports from Mexico, meanwhile, continued to benefit from growth in import demand from the United States of America, which on average procure close to 90 percent of Mexican mangoes, with the remainder reaching predominantly Canada. Between January and September 2019, Mexico reported exports of 350 000 tonnes of mangoes to the United States of America, an increase of 5 percent from 2018. Overall, Mexico is expected to supply 450 000 tonnes of mangoes, guavas and mangosteens to world markets in 2019, an increase of 4 percent from 2018 and an equivalent of 24 percent of total global volumes. Shipments from Peru, a key supplier of mangoes to the European Union, were hampered by the adverse effects of a prolonged winter early in 2019, and are estimated to decline by 52 percent in 2019. Peru, previously the second leading supplier of mangoes to world markets behind Mexico, is accordingly expected to see its volume share decline to an estimated 8 percent, and to fall to third place in the global ranking. Strong supplies from Brazil, which benefited from favourable weather throughout the year, resulted

Mango, mangosteen and guava Development of volumes from the leading exporters

2015 to 2019

1 International commodity classification schemes for production and trade do not require countries to report the fruits within this cluster separately, thus official data remain sparse. It is estimated that, on average, mango accounts for approximately 75 percent of total production volume, guava for 15 percent and mangosteen for the remaining 10 percent.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Thailand Mexico Brazil Peru India

Thousand tonnes

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

4

Major Tropical Fruits - Preliminary Results • 2019

in a reported 32-percent rise in exports from the country between January and November 2019, allowing Brazil to reach second place in world exports of mangoes only at an estimated 11 percent share. Approximately 70 percent of Brazilian mango exports are destined for European Union markets and 20 percent for the United States of America. In the European Union, Brazil benefits from its ability to produce mangoes perennially, including a number of varieties that are popular in key European import markets, among them Tommy Atkins, Keitt and Kent. In terms of export volumes by type, mango will continue to account for close to 90 percent of global shipments, but the sharp increase in supplies of mangosteen from Thailand is expected to slightly raise the share of this fruit. Guava meanwhile continues to display a low availability in import markets, in particular due to its lower suitability for transport.

On the import side, the United States of America are expected to continue to be the largest recipient of mangoes, guavas and mangosteens, exceeding an import volume of 500 000 tonnes in 2019, equivalent to 28 percent of global imports. Similarly to the situation in China, rising incomes and a higher nutritional awareness of the assumed health benefits of fruit consumption are supporting import demand for mangoes in the United States of America, particularly in view of low domestic

production. Following the fast expansion in Chinese imports of mangosteen, China is expected to extend its volume share in global imports to 23 percent, at an estimated 430 000 tonnes, thereby overtaking the European Union as the second leading importer globally. Imports by the European Union, meanwhile, are expected to contract by 3 percent on account of supply shortages from Peru, the major supplier to European Union markets alongside Brazil. As such, the European Union is expected to account for a 21 percent volume share in 2019, down from 26 percent in 2018. Provisional data indicate that per capita availability of mango will reach 1.6 kg in the United States of America and drop to 0.7 kg in the European Union in 2019, from 1.5 kg and 0.8 kg, respectively. In both import markets, a strengthening awareness is contributing to elevated consumer interest in the fruit.

The United States of America wholesale prices of mangoes, which exclude mangosteen and guava, continued to reflect seasonal fluctuations in supply and demand in 2019, but in a more pronounced manner than observed in 2018. Prices reached a peak of USD 2.6 per kilogram in March 2019 in response to low supplies. Overall, on account of ample demand, the United States of America wholesale prices continued to display a sustained upward trend in 2019, with the annual average reaching USD 2 per kilogram for the first time since 2012.

Mango, mangosteen and guava United States of America

Indicative average wholesale prices*January 2015 to October 2019

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

Jan-15 Apr-15 Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16 Apr-16 Jul-16 Oct-16 Jan-17 Apr-17 Jul-17 Oct-17 Jan-18 Apr-18 Jul-18 Oct-18 Jan-19 Apr-19 Jul-19 Oct-19

USD/kg

MANGOES

* Calculated from data collected from the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) Terminal Market Reports.

Commodity Briefs

5

Pineapple

On the back of another year of ample supplies, global exports of fresh pineapples are estimated to rise to 3.2 million tonnes in 2019, following growth of 5 percent or approximately 140 000 tonnes from 2018. This expansion is mainly due to a 50-percent increase in exports from the Philippines, the second largest supplier of pineapples to world markets. Following substantial investments into area expansion and productivity, exports from the Philippines are set to rise to an estimated 670 000 tonnes in 2019, thereby reaching an approximate 21-percent global market share. Data available until September 2019 indicate that, in addition to higher supplies, exports of pineapples from the Philippines further benefited from a strong increase in import demand from China. Over the first nine months of the year, shipments to China reportedly reached 172 000 tonnes, a 122-percent increase compared to the same period in 2018. Filipino pineapples of the MD2 variety are well received by the Chinese market due to their high brix levels and the fact that supplies are available year round, while domestic Chinese production remains largely restricted to a 2 to 3 month harvesting period between March and May. Exports from Costa Rica, the world’s largest producer and exporter of pineapples, meanwhile, were substantially hindered by excessive rainfall

throughout the year as well as destructive tropical storms in the fall of 2019. Overall, shipments from the country are anticipated to decline by approximately 8 percent, down from nearly 2.2 million tonnes in 2018 to slightly below an estimated 2 million tonnes in 2019. Pineapple exports from Costa Rica are almost exclusively destined to the United States of America and the European Union, at almost equal share of approximately 47 percent each in 2019. African ACP2 exporters, which primarily supply European Union markets, are projected to register a 19-percent increase in shipments in 2019, on account of higher supplies from Côte d’Ivoire. Data and information available until September 2019 indicate that the country expanded shipments to France, its main export destination, by 35 percent over this period, leading to an assumed total export volume of 31 000 tonnes for the whole year. Growers in Côte d’Ivoire continued to make investments into the cultivation of organic pineapples, an emerging segment in European markets, which provided a competitive advantage to exports from the country in 2019. Another supporting factor was a reported 10-percent decline in the average unit value on account of strong supplies, which rendered pineapple exports from Côte d’Ivoire more competitive than those from Costa Rica, whose prices reportedly ranged 27 percent higher between January and September 2019. Cameroon and Ghana, the other two significant ACP exporters,

2 African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States.

Pineapple Development of volumes from the leading exporters

2010 to 2019

0

500

1 000

1 500

2 000

2 500

Costa Rica Philippines Ecuador

Thousand tonnes2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

6

Major Tropical Fruits - Preliminary Results • 2019

continued to experience declining trade volumes due to the difficulty of competing with the very low prices of pineapples in global value chains. Shipments from Cameroon additionally continued to be affected by the unstable political situation in the country. It is expected that Ghana and Cameroon will experience volume declines of 28 and 18 percent, respectively, in 2019.

Owing to the production shortage in Costa Rica, imports by the United States of America, the largest importer of pineapple globally, are forecast to decrease by an estimated 2 percent in 2019, to approximately 1.1 million tonnes or 35 percent of total global import volumes. The popularity of pineapples in the United States of Amercia is aided by the fact that they are typically the cheapest of the major tropical fruits available on the market, and a common ingredient of juice mixes. Similarly, on account of lower supplies from Costa Rica, imports by the European Union (excl. intra-trade) are expected to decline for the

second year in a row, this time by an estimated 2 percent, to approximately 1 million tonnes in 2019. Per capita consumption of pineapple is projected at 3.8 kg in the United States of America and 1.9 kg in the European Union in 2019.

The United States wholesale prices of pineapple closely reflected the observed shortage in supply, increasing from USD 1/kg in January 2019 to a peak of USD 2.09/kg in August 2019. Overall, the annual average unit price of pineapple stood 18 percent higher in 2019 than in the previous year. Prices of standard pineapples typically display a strong tendency to linger around an average of USD 1/kg due to strong competition in the global value chain. Particularly in key export markets such as the United States of America, the United Kingdom and Germany, the fruit is habitually sold at low prices in retail outlets, which exerts substantial downward pressure on producer margins.

Pineapple United States of America

Indicative average wholesale prices* January 2015 to October 2019

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

Jan-15 Apr-15 Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16 Apr-16 Jul-16 Oct-16 Jan-17 Apr-17 Jul-17 Oct-17 Jan-18 Apr-18 Jul-18 Oct-18 Jan-19 Apr-19 Jul-19 Oct-19

USD/kg

PINEAPPLES

* Calculated from data collected from the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) Terminal Market Reports.

Commodity Briefs

7

Avocado

Global exports of avocado are anticipated to expand by 7 percent from 2018, reaching a new height of approximately 2.3 million tonnes in 2019. Ample global demand and lucrative export unit prices continue to be the main drivers of growth, stimulating substantial investments into area expansion in both major and emerging production zones. However, weather-related production declines in a number of producers, most notably in Peru and South Africa, hampered the overall potential of the market, which expanded at a significantly lower rate than the 15-percent annual average observed over the period 2014-2018. The leading exporter Mexico is expected to register a slight increase in global market share of 2 percentage points, to 58 percent in 2019, on account of area expansion, favourable weather and improved yields. Its exports are forecast to reach a record 1.3 million tonnes in 2019, an estimated increase of 11 percent from 2018. Mexico is the leading supplier of avocados to the United States of America, and continued to benefit from strong import demand in this key destination, which has been supported by nation-wide advertising campaigns at major events such as the Super Bowl since 2015. According to monthly data reported up to September 2019, Mexico sent approximately 78 percent of its exports to the United States of America in the first nine months of the year, and 7 percent to Canada.

Only a reported 4 percent of Mexican shipments reached the European Union over this period. Mexico’s strength in avocado trade lies in its ability to produce avocado in all seasons, its focus on the higher quality Hass variety, and also its close proximity to the United States of America, which gives the country a unique competitive advantage in the North American import markets. As the second largest global supplier of avocados, Peru is expected to account for 13 percent of global exports in 2019, down from 17 percent in the previous year. This is due to a reported 10-percent decline in production and subsequent 11-percent drop in exports, which are predicted to fall to 310 000 tonnes in 2019. Heavy rainfall in the first quarter of the year had resulted in significant damage to crops in the country and reportedly also hindered access of vehicles to farms. Nearly 60 percent of avocado shipments from Peru are destined for European Union markets. According to the latest available data, exports of avocados from Peru to the European Union declined by approximately 20 percent between January and October 2019. Indicative average export unit values of Peruvian avocados accordingly displayed increases of between 4 and 20 percent for shipments destined to the key European Union markets of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Spain. Other globally significant exporters of avocado are Chile, Israel, Kenya, and South Africa, which primarily supply the European Union and benefit from the fact that Mexican

Commodity Briefs

AvocadoDevelopment of volumes from the leading exporters

2015 to 2019

0

200

400

600

800

1 000

1 200

1 400

Mexico Peru Chile Israel Kenya South Africa

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

Thousand tonnes

8

Major Tropical Fruits - Preliminary Results • 2019

shipments have a negligible presence in European markets. While exports from Chile and Israel continued to expand at fast pace on the back of production expansion and ample export opportunities in the European Union, shipments from South Africa and Kenya were reportedly hindered by heatwaves and delayed rainfall and are respectively expected to decline by 46 and 18 percent in 2019.

Particularly in the major import markets, the United States of America and the European Union, which are anticipated to absorb around 50 percent and 27 percent of global shipments in 2019, respectively, consumer demand remains strong. Amidst rising incomes in both importing zones, demand for avocados is supported by the fruit’s assumed health benefits related to its very high nutritional value. Especially during the summer months, when supplies to both the United States of America and the European Union were low, unit values in both importers displayed significant increases. In the United States of America, the situation was exacerbated by the continued drought in California, which reportedly caused US production to fall to approximately 90 000 tonnes during the February to September 2019 harvesting season, another decline from the peak of 200 000 tonnes observed in 2015. This further contributed to higher import demand in the United States of America in 2019, which was primarily met by an increase in imports from Mexico. Overall, the United States of America are expected to import 1.1 million tonnes of avocados in 2019. Per capita fresh fruit retail availability in the country is accordingly

forecast to reach 3.7 kg in 2019. Imports by the European Union, meanwhile, are forecast to contract by 3 percent in 2019, falling slightly below 600 000 tonnes, on the back of production shortages in several key suppliers, most significantly in Peru and South Africa. Monthly trade data available until August 2019 indicate a 5-percent contraction in imports by the United Kingdom, the largest direct recipient of shipments from Peru and South Africa. Over the same period, the Netherlands, one of the major trade hubs within the European Union, reported declines of imports from Peru and South Africa of 15 and 27 percent, respectively. As such, the latest available data for the European Union indicate that the per capita avocado availability will remain at 1.4 kg in 2019. Within the European Union, growth is particularly strong in newly emerging avocado consuming countries, notably in Italy and Poland, which respectively posted import growth of 28 and 21 percent during the period from January to August 2019, arriving at an approximate volume of 15 000 tonnes each. Both countries primarily procured avocados from the Netherlands.

The United States of America wholesale prices of avocado increased from USD 3 per kilogram in January 2019 to a peak of USD 7.7 in July on account of low supplies from Peru and Mexico during these months. In combination with strong demand, weekly wholesale price data available from 2 January 2019 up until the second week of December indicate that over this period, the average wholesale price stood 10 percent higher than in the previous year.

AvocadoUnited States of America

Indicative average wholesale prices*January 2015 to October 2019

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Jan-15 Apr-15 Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16 Apr-16 Jul-16 Oct-16 Jan-17 Apr-17 Jul-17 Oct-17 Jan-18 Apr-18 Jul-18 Oct-18 Jan-19 Apr-19 Jul-19 Oct-19

USD/kg

AVOCADOS

* Calculated from data collected from the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) Terminal Market Reports.

Commodity Briefs

9

Papaya

Global exports of papayas are expected to increase by 8 percent in 2019, to approximately 310 000 tonnes, reflecting a recovery from the weather-related declines experienced in 2017 and 2018. As the largest global exporter of papayas, Mexico is estimated to expand shipments by 7 percent in 2019, to approximately 170 000 tonnes, thereby maintaining its volume share in global trade of over 50 percent. Exports from Mexico continue to be almost exclusively destined to the United States of America, which again absorbed a reported 99 percent of Mexican papayas between January and September 2019, according to the latest available data. Despite the recovery in production and increase in exports over this period, Mexican shipments of papayas continued to be affected by recurring contamination with several strains of the salmonella bacterium, which had first been reported in August 2017. Between March and July 2019, the United States of America Food and Drug Administration issued repeated alerts concerning imports of Mexican Maradol papayas, the predominant variety in export, permitting the detention of volumes without physical examination at United States of America ports of entry. In response, importers in the United States of America increased their orders of Tainung papayas from Guatemala, which they considered compliant with international phytosanitary standards and display stronger consistency and resistance in transport. The latest available data indicate that papaya shipments from Guatemala to the United States of America expanded by 10 percent between January and September 2019, to approximately 30 000 tonnes over this period.

The largest importers of papayas continue to be the United States of America, at an approximate 70-percent volume share in 2019, and the European Union, which is expected to import 40 000 tonnes or 14 percent of global exports in 2019. As a result of the continued phytosanitary concerns regarding papayas from Mexico, the United States of America imports of papayas only grew by an estimated 3 percent between January and September 2019. This rate is significantly slower than the 7 percent expansion reported for exports from Mexico to the United States of America during the same period, in part because of the detention and rejection of volumes on phytosanitary grounds at United States of America ports of entry. Indicative export unit values of shipments from Mexico to the United States of America accordingly displayed a 5-percent decline between January and September 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. For the full year 2019, imports by the United States of America are forecast to amount to 190 000 tonnes, suggesting that the United States of America per capita availability of papaya will remain at 0.6 kg. Although the European Union ranks as the second largest importer, consumer awareness of the fruit remains low, with the average per capita consumption estimated to stay at 0.1 kg in 2019. Promotion of the fruit and its nutritional benefits are therefore key to supporting import demand and further growth for papaya, particularly in the European Union. On the supply side, a major obstacle to a significant expansion in international trade remains the fruit’s high perishability and sensitivity in transport, which renders produce fairly unfit for supply to far afield destinations, including to the European Union. However, innovations in cold chain and transport technologies promise to facilitate a broader distribution of papaya, particularly in view of rising consumer demand for tropical fruits in import markets.

Commodity Briefs

PapayaDevelopment of volumes from the leading exporters

2009 to 2019

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Mexico Guatemala Brazil Malaysia

Thousands tonnes

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

10

Major Tropical Fruits - Preliminary Results • 2019

Table 1 - Mango, mangosteen and guava world gross export by country

2013-2017 average

2018 2019

(tonnes)

Asia 643 396 596 946 936 923

China 43 917 22 959 77 119

India 127 283 160 643 143 235

Israel 24 485 15 281 13 293

Pakistan 72 494 36 251 49 085

Philippines 30 811 31 529 35 016

Thailand 235 437 257 585 483 970

Yemen 21 890 5 497 3 507

Africa 124 412 117 921 121 064

Cote d'Ivoire 32 588 39 049 39 223

Egypt 26 371 5 596 6 163

Kenya 13 650 12 740 7 580

Mali 10 018 9 622 12 836

Senegal 16 824 19 509 17 277

South Africa 5 719 8 573 11 395

Sudan 177 1 403 788

Central America and the Caribbean 413 701 491 258 513 359

Costa Rica 5 739 4 079 5 409

Dominican Republic 15 642 17 835 23 551

Guatemala 19 994 23 465 19 435

Haiti 9 141 6 927 8 568

Mexico 357 147 435 007 453 985

Nicaragua 4 926 3 438 1 469

South America 377 959 439 785 435 887

Brazil 172 813 170 631 225 419

Ecuador 51 838 58 222 36 198

Peru 151 681 209 345 171 733

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 540 399 268

North America 29 780 9 471 12 323

United States of America 17 588 9 114 11 961

Oceania 7 823 8 650 7 245

Australia 7 739 8 614 7 206

Caribbean 25 627 25 242 32 978

Developed 62 538 33 834 48 797

Developing 1 534 798 1 630 338 1 993 328

LDC 79 098 57 305 103 837

LIFDC 282 165 282 667 260 939

WORLD 1 597 337 1 664 172 2 042 125

Annex

11

Annex

Table 2 - Mango, mangosteen and guava world gross import by country

2013-2017 average

2018 2019

(tonnes)

Asia 609 267 498 739 740 768

China 213 622 187 163 428 229

Japan 7 861 7 121 6 962

Kuwait 17 174 10 063 11 097

Malaysia 37 383 10 486 7 493

Saudi Arabia 57 919 15 352 14 672

United Arab Emirates 96 583 33 265 32 028

Africa 24 982 18 290 15 620

Libya 1 135 0 398

Niger 169 44 40

Central America and the Caribbean 6 193 2 832 6 918

El Salvador 1 410 141 157

Mexico 1 756 1 296 1 977

South America 6 518 2 178 8 550

Argentina 1 453 1 527 1 132

Colombia 5 632 194 106

North America 522 550 562 315 581 101

Canada 60 323 66 495 69 581

United States of America 462 042 495 789 511 475

Europe 357 171 482 142 474 643

European Union 319 450 402 726 389 593

Norway 7 948 14 218 14 257

Russian Federation 12 867 34 150 37 836

Switzerland 13 758 25 448 24 529

Oceania 5 513 5 668 4 187

Australia 1 635 754 865

New Zealand 3 554 4 668 3 069

Developing 638 253 514 694 764 621

Developed 893 941 1 057 469 1 067 166

LDC 45 934 27 998 29 053

LIFDC 97 810 125 440 124 345

WORLD 1 532 194 1 572 163 1 831 787

12

Major Tropical Fruits - Preliminary Results • 2019

Table 3 - Pineapple world gross export by country

2013-2017 average

2018 2019

(tonnes)

Asia 509 654 502 780 792 378

China 14 100 8 853 58 251

Malaysia 24 213 10 027 9 049

Philippines 429 260 447 570 667 633

United Arab Emirates 6 293 0 0

Africa 106 241 63 483 75 430

Cameroon 4 468 3 225 2 647

Cote d'Ivoire 39 934 27 643 30 678

Ghana 35 416 19 926 14 337

South Africa 15 444 4 294 4 830

Central America and the Caribbean 2 163 213 2 369 335 2 208 516

Costa Rica 1 962 234 2 164 730 1 996 357

Guatemala 28 664 33 915 47 000

Honduras 51 845 66 010 71 121

Mexico 70 507 75 679 67 678

Panama 42 484 21 344 17 859

South America 97 002 105 631 109 162

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2 020 476 206

Brazil 2 891 1 561 1 227

Colombia 10 085 16 505 10 423

Ecuador 74 623 84 533 93 812

Paraguay 1 638 1 894 0

North America 69 933 4 290 4 150

United States of America 6 450 4 286 4 149

Europe 583 811 942

Oceania 151 92 111

Developing 2 875 835 3 041 073 3 184 974

Developed 70 942 5 350 5 715

LDC 9 841 5 909 14 332

LIFDC 93 228 62 131 72 444

WORLD 2 946 777 3 046 423 3 190 689

13

Annex

Table 4 - Pineapple world gross import by country

2013-2017 average

2018 2019

(tonnes)

Asia 495 188 528 094 639 053

China 106 167 169 348 239 814

Japan 170 960 158 589 151 539

Republic of Korea 129 384 77 549 69 699

Saudi Arabia 24 400 13 926 16 442

Singapore 18 576 8 113 6 926

Turkey 15 996 19 364 19 223

United Arab Emirates 44 628 37 204 87 789

Africa 12 215 14 521 19 654

Egypt 1 558 1 169 3 899

Kenya 989 885 2 058

Morocco 4 244 9 169 8 990

Central America and the Caribbean 23 871 13 916 144 360

Bahamas 744 314 407

Barbados 355 53 197

El Salvador 14 757 3 407 4 169

Honduras 944 171 147

South America 34 672 16 783 48 903

Argentina 12 933 13 652 12 049

Chile 30 180 0 34 211

North America 1 193 971 1 291 745 1 260 644

Canada 120 461 124 578 117 900

United States of America 1 073 136 1 167 120 1 142 692

Europe 1 015 289 1 138 819 1 128 944

European Union 918 230 1 031 630 1 011 037

Norway 8 140 6 538 6 755

Russian Federation 50 153 57 779 58 071

Switzerland 21 264 20 789 19 470

Ukraine 7 045 10 229 20 326

Oceania 8 783 10 455 8 859

Australia 397 116 96

New Zealand 8 288 10 189 8 464

Developing 394 494 413 408 699 078

Developed 2 389 495 2 600 925 2 551 338

LDC 8 829 2 628 2 506

LIFDC 11 558 9 095 14 617

WORLD 2 783 989 3 014 333 3 250 417

14

Major Tropical Fruits - Preliminary Results • 2019

Table 5 - Avocado world gross export by country

2013-2017 average

2018 2019

(tonnes)

Asia 53 695 85 843 122 999

Israel 41 596 63 595 95 914

United Arab Emirates 1 297 11 3

Lebanon 710 528 712

Africa 115 665 191 941 133 077

Kenya 43 739 71 521 58 730

Morocco 7 922 16 946 8 580

South Africa 56 664 89 351 48 003

Zimbabwe 2 317 4 303 4 557

Latin America and the Caribbean 1 234 650 1 790 565 1 957 712

Caribbean 20 865 33 715 47 158

Dominican Republic 20 360 33 631 47 028

Central America 861 882 1 201 980 1 346 022

Guatemala 3 791 4 591 13 713

Mexico 857 204 1 196 837 1 331 434

Nicaragua 370 89 131

South America 351 902 554 870 564 532

Argentina 367 412 0

Brazil 5 304 7 564 9 076

Chile 137 127 151 943 192 199

Ecuador 982 208 844

Peru 195 989 361 327 309 396

North America 42 960 69 148 59 300

United States of America 19 949 69 126 59 275

Europe 1 326 143 241

Oceania 23 056 18 781 24 742

Australia 1 794 2 497 4 318

New Zealand 21 262 16 285 20 424

Developed 108 955 151 672 180 197

Developing 1 362 396 2 004 749 2 117 872

LDC 4 299 9 407 17 856

LIFDC 51 334 85 601 76 182

WORLD 1 471 351 2 156 421 2 298 069

15

Annex

Table 6 - Avocado world gross import by country

2013-2017 average

2018 2019

(tonnes)

Asia 129 321 216 945 203 749

Japan 61 849 74 805 78 293

United Arab Emirates 15 241 15 829 15 353

Africa 12 820 16 593 15 915

Morocco 6 779 11 130 8 830

South Africa 3 218 2 341 2 637

Latin America and the Caribbean 55 289 51 804 68 835

Central America and the Caribbean 36 388 34 643 31 708

Costa Rica 8 803 4 967 4 985

El Salvador 12 044 13 294 11 247

Guatemala 3 654 4 916 4 059

Honduras 8 930 10 302 9 189

South America 18 902 17 161 37 127

Argentina 13 091 14 310 16 444

Colombia 907 67 44

North America 837 227 1 133 882 1 195 553

Canada 68 747 94 205 94 318

United States of America 768 058 1 039 420 1 100 984

Europe 420 696 710 971 715 260

European Union 374 780 613 849 598 027

Norway 13 515 24 300 26 610

Russian Federation 14 853 35 421 44 760

Switzerland 12 423 26 677 27 574

Oceania 17 624 13 564 18 360

Australia 17 520 13 504 18 261

Developed 1 336 942 1 932 919 2 007 134

Developing 136 034 210 840 210 538

LDC 886 453 851

LIFDC 1 095 630 1 970

WORLD 1 472 977 2 143 758 2 217 672

16

Major Tropical Fruits - Preliminary Results • 2019

Table 7 - Papaya world gross export by country

2013-2017 average

2018 2019

(tonnes)

Asia 42 153 20 246 27 704

China 840 741 994

India 8 753 4 813 5 307

Malaysia 21 550 2 746 2 807

Philippines 3 522 3 612 5 944

Thailand 1 809 1 807 1 695

Africa 4 272 3 647 4 042

Cote d'Ivoire 41 20 17

Ghana 1 698 1 946 2 124

Central America and the Caribbean 214 382 220 067 234 404

Belize 15 754 214 79

Costa Rica 3 427 1 606 2 329

Dominican Republic 2 079 941 404

Guatemala 41 648 59 626 64 229

Mexico 149 873 155 592 166 586

South America 44 346 43 105 43 152

Brazil 38 344 42 669 42 557

Colombia 432 296 417

Ecuador 5 191 130 176

North America 12 250 2 487 2 500

United States of America 6 667 2 484 2 500

Europe 27 11 10

Oceania 318 143 271

Fiji 270 110 240

Developing 305 348 287 103 309 523

Developed 12 400 2 602 2 560

LDC 1 518 1 014 1 118

LIFDC 12 054 7 828 8 530

WORLD 1 471 351 2 156 421 2 298 069

17

Annex

Table 8 - Papaya world gross import by country

2013-2017 average

2018 2019

(tonnes)

Asia 41 226 16 007 17 429

China 4 268 2 756 2 942

Japan 2 008 1 289 1 248

Saudi Arabia 2 115 1 442 1 180

Singapore 19 110 3 339 3 474

United Arab Emirates 7 747 1 951 2 838

Africa 2 287 1 403 1 719

Namibia 369 280 309

Central America and the Caribbean 10 333 1 672 3 287

El Salvador 8 954 1 040 1 081

South America 842 587 783

Ecuador ? 0 261

Paraguay 73 80 86

North America 209 037 203 009 209 794

Canada 18 723 16 220 17 722

United States of America 190 313 186 787 192 070

Europe 42 389 43 801 43 004

European Union 39 285 40 282 39 441

Russian Federation 581 854 953

Switzerland 1 923 2 124 1 971

Oceania 994 663 673

Developing 52 685 18 383 21 987

Developed 254 423 248 758 254 702

LDC 2 552 304 478

LIFDC 2 684 428 561

WORLD 307 108 267 141 276 689

CONTACTS

International Investment and Tropical Fruits Team: Pascal.Liu@fao.orgSabine.Altendorf@fao.orgGiuseppe.Bonavita@fao.orgDivision Trade and Markets Division (EST)Economic and Social Development Department (ES)Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

CA7566EN/1/02.20