8/12/2019 PRELIM PSYCH Therapeutic Communication Technique

1/5

Therapeutic Communication Technique

Is an interpersonal interaction between the nurse and client during which the

nurse focuses on the clients specic needs to promote an eective exchange

of information.

Eective communication is key to psychiatric nursing

Variables That Infuence Communication

1. Perception the process of sensing, interpreting and understanding the

world which a person lives.

2. Values what is desirable

3. Culture body of socially transmitted and acceptable attitudes and

behaviors

LEVELS ! C""#$IC%TI$

1. Intrapersonal& a person communicates with himher self2. Interpersonal nurse and patient , or small group. !his is the heart of

psychiatric nursing.3. Public person and several other people

"'ES ! C""#$IC%TI$

1. Verbal(Spo)en

Involves written words.

In"uenced by the following#

a. nurses past experience, background and feelings

b. $ative language

c. %ulture

d. &exual orientation

e. 'ge, roles and responsibilities

f. (alues and environment

2. $on&Verbal

)ody language

Includes the following#

Eye contact *ress and grooming +esture and

touch

acial expression 'ect-emotions or feelings hysical

appearance

osture and gait &ilence

Paralan*ua*e / refers to voice 0uality

Pro+emics& intimate space / 12 inches or less

personal space- 12 inches to 3 feet

social-consultative space- 3-14 feet

public space- more than 14 feet

%ttenti,e Listenin*1. ace the client.

4. 'cknowledge the client and maintain the eye contact.

5. &tay relaxed, with legs and arms uncrossed, possibly leaning to forward

slightly.

3. %onvey acceptance when the client speaks.

6. *ont interrupt or argue but provide verbal feedback as appropriate.

C-%%CTEISTICS ! C""#$IC%TI$

1. !ee/bac) return response

2. %ppropriateness response is relevant to the message

3. E0cienc the language used is understood

8/12/2019 PRELIM PSYCH Therapeutic Communication Technique

2/5

8/12/2019 PRELIM PSYCH Therapeutic Communication Technique

3/5

been snatched.=

%onfronting *eliberately inviting toexamine some aspect ofpersonal behavior thatindicates a discrepancy

between what the person sysand what the person does@re0uires careful attention tonon-verbal and verbalmessages.

;Aou say youre theblack sheep of thefamily, yet youre theonly one who has

nished a degree.=

&ummari>ing ?ighlighting of the main ideasexpressed in an interaction.

;!he last time wetalked, you mentionedthatC.=

rocessing %omplex and sophisticatedtechni0ue meant to directattention to the interpersonaldynamics of the nurse-clientexperience@ most useful whentherapeutic intimacy hasbeen achieved.

;!oday is the rst dayour session has startedout with silence. Fastweek, it seemed therewouldnt be enoughtime.=

Therapeutic Verbal Communication Techniques

#sin* silence%cceptin* ;Aes=

;Hkay.=;I see.=4i,in* reco*nition ;+ood morning, 'bi=

;Bhm, new hairstyle, huh

8/12/2019 PRELIM PSYCH Therapeutic Communication Technique

4/5

produces your anxiety.=Summari8in* ;Aou and I have talked aboutC=Encoura*in* 6ormulation o6 aplan

;$ext time you feel this way, what are yougoing to do

8/12/2019 PRELIM PSYCH Therapeutic Communication Technique

5/5

- begins when the nurse is assigned to a patient.

- hase of $: in which the patient is excluded as an active

participant.

"a=or Tas):!o develop self-awareness

ther Tas)s: *ata gathering, planning for rst interaction

2. rientation Phase

/ begins when the nurse and client meet and ends when the client begins to

identify problems to examine.

- arameters of the relationship are laid.

- $urse begins to know about the patient

- $urse-client contract, condentiality, self-disclosure

"a=or Tas):!o develop a mutually acceptable contract.

ther Tas): *etermine why the patient sought help, establish rapport, develop

trust, assessment.

3. >or)in* Phase&

%< Problem I/enti7cation client identies the issues or concerns causing

problems.

< E+ploitation&the nurse guides the client to examine feelings and responses and

to develop better coping skills and a more positive self-image.

"a=or Tas): Identication and resolution of the patients problems.

ther Tas)s:

a. 9aintaining the relationship.

b. +athering more data.

c. Exploring perceptions of reality.d. *eveloping a positive coping mechanisms.

e. romoting a positive self-concept

f. Encouraging verbali>ation.

g. acilitating behavior change.

h. Gorking through resistance.

i. Evaluating progress and redening goals as appropriate.

7. roviding opportunities for the client to practice new behaviors.

k. romoting independence.

. Termination Phase or esolution Phase&&begins when the problems resolved,

and ends when the relationship is ended.

"a=or Tas):!o assist the client to review what he has learned and transfer his

learning to his relationship with others.

ther Tas): Evaluation

Common Problems %5ectin* $P

Trans6erence- client unconsciously transfer to the nurse the feelings he or

she has for signicant others.

Counter trans6erence&nurse unconsciously transfer to the client the

feelings he has for signicant others. esistance&development of ambivalent feeling towards self-exploration.

!actors 'iminishin* Therapeutic elationship

1. Foss of or unclear boundaries

4. Intimacy

5 'buse of power