Preface i

AYURVEDIC MEDICINAL PLANTS OF INDIA Volume - 1

Dr. Ramesh Kumar Bhutya Ayurvedacharya Physician In-charge Government Ayurvedic Hospital Bhiya Distt. Bundi (Raj.)

Dr. Ramesh Kumar Bhutya 3/25, Shiv Vatika Marg, Keshavrai Patan (Distt. Bundi) (Rajasthan) Mobile: 09414538301 Published by: Scientific Publishers (India) 5-A, New Pali Road P.O. Box 91 Jodhpur – 342 001 (India) E-mail: info@scientificpub.com www.scientificpub.com

© Ramesh Kumar Bhutya, 2011

ISBN: 978-81-7233-684-4

No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the authors, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

Lasertype set: Rajesh Ojha Printed in India

Dedicated to Respected

Dr. Satish Sharma Range Forest Officer, Udaipur Famous Zoologist and Botanist,

Critical Researcher, Enthusiastic Scientist

Foreword

Dr. R.K. Bhutya, a famous Ayurveda physician of Rajasthan and author of present book had produced a notable volume on Ayurvedic medicinal plants of India in Hindi entitled ‘Vanaspati Aushadha Vigyan’ in 2007. His Hindi book was well received by the Ayurved experts, teachers, students and public.

There was a constant demand from the Ayurveda experts, teachers, students and public to produce a similar type of book in English language also. Present book is in the massive volume which is an outcome of Dr. Bhutya’s dedicated efforts which were intensified after publication of his Hindi book.

Present book is not an English version of his Hindi volume but a separately written independent book having various aspects of medicinal plants, which are well known to Ayurveda. Dr. Bhutya has described 287 plants in first volume and 222 plants in second volume in depth. His descriptions comprising Latin names of plants, their synonyms, classifica- tion, detail of vegetative and reproductive organs, phenology, ecology, parts used, dosage, collection period, clinical properties, mode of action and diseases which can be cured. Author has provided many indices at the end of each volume which enhance quality and usability of the book. Colour photographs are strength of the book which will be helpful in easy identification of plants. Most of the photographs were taken by the author himself from various parts of the country.

Dr. Bhutya has thrown sufficient light on classical properties of plants, chemical composition of their various parts and their action on different diseases.

I am sure that this book will prove an asset for Ayurveda experts, teachers, students, nature lovers, medicinal plant growers and common people.

(Dr. Satish Kumar Sharma)

Forest Research Farm, Banki (Sisarma) Udaipur,

Rajasthan. 9-5-2010

Preface vii

Preface

In recent years interest in medicinal plants has increased considerably world wide. It has also drawn the attention from common men in general and scholars in the medical streams particular due to sharp rise in problems as a result of adverse/ side effects of modern medical science treatments, methods and medicines. In the today’s advanced technological era, pharmaceutical companies are launching new medicines every now and then without sound rational and scientific evidence. Their consequences are only known after 10-20 years of their continuous use. By then it may have caused a very serious damage to the public health. This poses a serious threat to the health of the common men, particularly in a country like India, where majority of the people live in villages and lie below poverty line and unable to afford costly medical treatment. For instance, sharp increase in diabetes mellitus among people is observed in recent times and some antibiotics were found responsible for it. Even medical practitioners have started acknowledging the fact now that for most of the diseases the real culprits are either doctors themselves or the medicines they prescribed to the patients. In the light of the above, the curiosity about the sources of the medicines, medicinal plants in most of the cases, has drawn considerable interest among all quarters of the medical science. This further paves the way for the quest for the authentic literature related to the systematic classification of the medicinal plants with the updated information in detail. It won’t be out of place to mention here that in spite of availability of a lot of books on medicinal plants in the market, readers are not found them satisfactory as their issues are not adequately addressed and hence, not successfully fulfill their requirements. Some books have focused in detail on a particular aspect of medicinal plants while neglecting the others, whereas, other books are good from botanical perspective but not found appropriate from the point of view of Ayurveda. Even some Ayuverdic books on medicinal plants found contradicting with the ancient classical books on Ayurveda and observed incorrect. Similarly, classic Ayurvedic books have not found acceptability due their lack of botanical coverage. It all leads to chaos and confusion in identification of medicinal plants among academicians, practitioners and research scholars. Author has identified the need for a balanced literature on medicinal plants which may be appropriate for both the people from botany and Ayurveda. This was the major motivation behind writing this book.

In addition, in the absence of proper knowledge related to the identification of medicinal plants, many plants remained either unidentified or wrongly identified. As a result, many important and precious medicinal plants are often considered as weeds and disposed off as waste material. Wrong identification even lead towards more serious repercussions as these may be used wrongly in preparing medicines for which they are not recommended due to different chemical constituents, and hence deprived of their actual uses.

In this book, an attempt is made to fill the above identified gaps. It is my firm belief that this book will be of immense use to Ayurveda experts, teachers, students of post-graduates and under-graduates Ayurvedic courses, researchers, students of

viii Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants of India - Volume 1

botany, scientists, pharmacologists, pharmaceutical organizations, pharmacists, biochemists, medical men and even common men.

However, I have tried to the best of my abilities and knowledge to produce a book containing all major aspects of Ayurvedic medicines and their source plants, even than some gaps and laps may prevail. I will be grateful to the readers for their suggestions and valuable feedback.

Salient features of the book

Following are the salient features of this book- 1. The latest and updated botanical names, synonyms, species, varieties, families,

old families and Ayurvedic classical groups are given in this book. Classical names include only those maintained in ancient Ayurvedic literature.

2. English, Sanskrit, Hindi and Local names are also given. 3. Complete botanical identification with habit, root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit and

seed with full morphological features are presented, which would be helpful in tentative identification of the plant in the field.

4. Habitat or distribution of plant in India is meant to give a broad idea of the availability of the species in different eco-climatic zones and altitudes.

5. Flowering and fruiting period of plant is also given, although it is variable due to different geological situation in India.

6. Parts used, dosage and collection period of described plant is presented at appropriate places.

7. Ayurvedic classical properties with purity, its effect on Vaata, Pitta and Kapha. Grading of effects is also given.

8. Chemical composition of all parts of plant, with action are also given. 9. Action and disease indication of all parts of plant. These are based on ancient as

well as recent ayurvedic literature. 10. Clinical uses of different parts of plant, on different disease. Here are, safe,

selected, effective, practical and experienced formulae are given. 11. Under formulations, only classical Ayurvedic preparations are included, patent

and proprietary items are not included. 12. Determination of doubtful classical Ayurvedic plants with botanical names. 13. Findings related to toxicology and therapeutic evaluation as and where available

have been included under respective subheads. 14. For convenience or further readings, list of consulted books and page number of

plant is given. 15. Photos of all plants in natural habitat are also given. All photos are original,

with quality, distinguishable and taken by author at various places of India. A very little number photos are received from other source.

16. Classification and plant collection of modern style of action are given, which is very valuable chapter of book. Here are 75 groups are described with botanical and Hindi names.

17. For convenience in treatment and practical point of view, there is classification of clinical uses according to various diseases in alphabetical order with serial number of plants.

18. Index of classical formulations with serial numbers of plant, is given.

Preface ix

19. List of Families of described plants is given, here are 112 families are classified. 20. Index of English names of described plants is given with serial numbers. 21. Glossary of Botanical words is given. 22. Glossary of Medical term is also given. For readers convenience, there are simple

names of diseases, instead of complicated medical terminology. 23. Meaning of Ayurvedic and Hindi words, used in this book, that translation in

English cannot be possible in true sense. 24. Index of Botanical names, synonyms and species, with serial numbers is also

given. 25. Resource plant of various gums is given. 26. At last, a composite list of Sanskrit, Hindi and Local names is given for readers’

convenience. However, this book should be viewed in the light of following points-

1. Botanical characteristics have not been discussed with deep botanical descrip-tion. This is merely reported on the basis of visual inspection.

2. Clinical uses are given with utmost care and should be implemented with advice of qualified Ayurvedic doctor. Author will not be held responsible for any complicacy.

3. There is much variation in flowering and fruiting time due to different eco-climatic zones of India.

4. There are compound drugs in the inverted coma.

A few words of gratitude

In preparing this book, the help of various sources has been taken. I would like thank all the authorities whose works are consulted during the preparation of this book.

I would like to express my grateful thanks for their valuable guidance and advice. I am indebted to Dr. Satish Sharma, Range Forest Officer, Udaipur, a const-ant source of inspiration throughout the development of this book for his valuable guidance and timely help. He went out of the way to help me in spite of his very busy schedule and other professional commitments. Further, I am grateful to my colleagues Dr. R.S. Garg, Ayurvedic physician, Baran, Dr. O.P. Chaturvedi, Ay. Physician, Jaipur, Dr. P.S. Solanki, Ay.physician, Kota, and Dr. Ashok Saxena, Ay. Physician, Bundi, Dr. Shri Krishan Khandal, Professor, N.I.A. Jaipur for their advice and support. I am also thankful to Dr. L.K. Dadhicha Ex principal, J.D.B. girls college, Kota, Mr. Dalpat Singh Rajpurohit, Range Forest Officer, Udaipur, for their valuable guidance. My heartfelt thanks are also due to Shri Satyawan Sharma, Son-in-law, Kamini, daughter, Dushyant, Son, Kirti, Daughter-in-law, Milind, Kumud and other family members for their constant support and assistance. Last but not the least; I am extremely grateful to my wife Smt. Manju Sharma for her patience as she almost freed me in discharging my domestic responsibilities during writing this piece of work.

My thanks are also due to Mr. Pawan ji and Rajesh Ojha, Scientific Publishers (India), Jodhpur.

Dr. Ramesh Kumar Bhutya 3/25, Keshorai Patan, District Bundi, Rajasthan.

Mobile: 09414538301 Email ID: rameshbhutya@gmail.com

Contents xi

Contents

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number

1. Abelmoscus moschatus - Lata kastoori 1

2. Abies spectabilis - Talis patra 2

3. Abroma augusta - Ulata kambal 3

4. Abrus precatorius - Gunja 3

5. Abutilon indicum - Atibala 5

6. Acacia catechu - Khadira 6

7. Acacia farnesiana - Irimeda 7

8. Acacia nilotica - Babula 8

9. Acacia sinuta - Shikakai 10

10. Acalypha indica - Kuppi 11

11. Achyranthus aspera - Apamarga 11

12. Aconitum ferox - Vatsanabha 13

13. Aconitum heterophylum - Atisa 14

14. Acorus calamus - Vacha 15

15. Adansonia digitata - Gorakha imali 17

16. Actinopteris dichotoma - Mayur shikha 18

17. Adiantum incisum - Hansaraj 18

18. Aegle marmelos - Bilva 19

19. Aerva lanata - Gorakhaganja 20

20. Agaricus campestris - Chhatraka 21

21. Agave Americana - Kantala 22

22. Ailanthus excelsa - Aralu 22

23. Alangium salviifolium - Ankol 23

24. Albizia lebbek - Shirisha 24

25. Alectra parasitica - Ramanarayani buti 25

26. Alhagi pseudolhagi - Yavasa 26

27. Allium cepa - Palandu 26

28. Allium sativum - Rasona 28

29. Alocasia indica - Mankanda 29

30. Aloe barbadensis - Ghrita kumari 30

31. Alpina galanga - Kulinjana 31

xii Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants of India - Volume 1

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number

32. Alstonia scholaris - Saptaparna 33

33. Althaea officinalis - Khatmi 34

34. Amaranthus spinosus - Cholai 34

35. Ammi majaus - Atari- lal 35

36. Amomum sabulatum - Bari Ilayachi 36

37. Amorphophallus paeoniifolius - Surana 37

38. Anacardium occidentale- Kaju 38

39. Anacyclus pyrethrum - Akarakara 39

40. Ananas comosus - Annanasa 40

41. Andrographis paniculata - Kalamegha 41

42. Anethum graveolens - Soya 42

43. Annona squamosa - Sitaphala 43

44. Anogeissus latifolia - Dhava 44

45. Anthocephalus chinensis - Kadamba 45

46. Apium graveolens - Ajamoda 46

47. Aquilaria agalocha - Agara 47

48. Areca catechu - Supari 48

49. Argemone mexicana - Satyanashi 49

50. Argyreia nervosa - Vidhayara 51

51. Aristolochia bracetolata - Keetamari 52

52. Aristolochia indica - Ishwari 53

53. Artemisia absinthium - Afasanteena 54

54. Artemisia maritima - Kiramani Ajavayan 55

55. Artemisia nilagirica - Damanaka 55

56. Artocarpus heterophyllus - Katahala 56

57. Artocarpus Lacucha - Lakucha 57

58. Arundo donex - Nal 58

59. Asparagus adscendens - Safed Mushali 58

60. Asparagus racemosus - Shatavari 59

61. Atropa acuminata - Suchi 61

62. Averrhoea carambola - Kamarakha 62

63. Azadirachta indica - Neema 63

64. Baccopa monnieri - Brahmi 65

65. Balanites aegyptiaca - Hingot 66

66. Baliospermum montanum - Danti 67

67. Bambusa arundinacea - Bansa 68

68. Barleria prionitis - Saireyaka 69

Contents xiii

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number 69. Barringtonia acutangula - Samudraphala 70

70. Basella alba - Upodika 71

71. Bauhinia racemosa - Ashamantaka 72

72. Bauhinia variegata - Kachanar 73

73. Benincasa hispida - Kushamanda 74

74. Berberis aristata - Daruharidra 75

75. Bergenia ciliata - Pashanbheda 76

76. Betula utilis - Bhojapatra 77

77. Bixa orellana - Sinduri 78

78. Blepharis edulis - Utangana 79

79. Blumia lacera - Kukarondha 79

80. Boerhavia diffusa - Punarnavaa 80

81. Bombax ceiba - Semal 82

82. Borassus flabellifer - Tada 83

83. Boswellia serrata - Shallaki 84

84. Brassica campestris - Sarson 85

85. Brassica juncea - Rai 86

86. Brunella valgaris - Dharu 87

87. Buchanania lanzan - Chironji 88

88. Butea monosperma - Palasha 89

89. Caesalpinia bonduc - Kantaki Karanja 91

90. Caesalpinia sappan - Bakama 92

91. Cajanus cajan - Arahara 93

92. Callicarpa macrophylla - Priyangu 94

93. Calophyllum inophyllum - Punnaga 95

94. Calotropis procera - Arka 95

95. Camellia sinesis - Chaya 97

96. Cannabis sativa - Bhanga 97

97. Capparis deciduas - Karira 99

98. Capparis zeylanica - Vyaghranakhi 100

99. Capsicum annum - Lal Mircha 101

100. Carica papaya - Eranda Karkati 101

101. Carissa carandas - Karonda 102

102. Carthamus tinctorius - Kusumbha 103

103. Carum carvi - Jiraka-Krishna 104

104. Cassia absus - Chakasu 105

105. Cassia auriculata - Charmaranga 106

xiv Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants of India - Volume 1

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number

106. Cassia fistula - Amalatasa 107

107. Cassia occidantalis - Kasani 108

108. Cassia senna - Sanaya 109

109. Cassia tora - Chakramarda 111

110. Catharanthus roseus - Sadabahar 112

111. Cedrus deodara - Devadaru 113

112. Celastrus paniculatus - Jyotishamati 114

113. Centella asiatica - Mandukaparni 115

114. Centipeda orbicularis - Nakachhikani 117

115. Centratherum anthelminticum - Kali Jeeri 117

116. Ceratophyllum demersum - Shevala 118

117. Chenopodium album - Bathua 119

118. Cicer arietinum - Chana 120

119. Cichorium intybus - Kasani 121

120. Cinchona officinalis - Kunena 122

121. Cinnamomum camphora - Kapoora 122

122. Cinnamomum tamala - Tejpata 124

123. Cinnamomum verum - Dalchini 124

124. Cissampelos pariera - Patha 126

125. Cissus quandrangularis - Hadajora 127

126. Citrullus colocynthis - Indrayana 128

127. Citrullus vulgaris - Tarbooja 129

128. Citrus aurantifolia - Nimbu 130

129. Citrus limon - Jambeera 131

130. Citrus maxima - Chakotara 132

131. Citrus medica - Matulunga 132

132. Claviceps purpurea - Argata 134

133. Cleome gynandra - Hulhula 134

134. Clerodendrum indicum - Bharangi 135

135. Clerodendrum infortunatum - Bhandira 136

136. Clitoria ternatea - Aparajita 137

137. Coccinia grandis - Kunduru 138

138. Cocculus hirsutus - Pataalgarudi 139

139. Cochlospermum gossypium Katira 140

140. Cocus nucifera - Nariyal 140

141. Coffea Arabica - Kofi 141

142. Coix lacrima-jobi - Gavedhuka 142

Contents xv

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number

143. Colchicum leuteum - Suranjana 143

144. Coleus amboinicus - Parnayavani 144

145. Commiphora mukul - Guggulu 144

146. Commiphora myrrha - Bol 146

147. Convolvulus pluricaulis - Shankhapushpi 146

148. Coptis teeta - Mamira 148

149. Corallocarpus epigaeus - Nahikandi 148

150. Corchorus fascicularis - Bahuphali 149

151. Cordia dichotoma - Sleshamantaka 150

152. Coriandrum sativum - Dhanyaka 151

153. Coscinium fenestratum - Kalambaka 152

154. Costus speciosus - Kebuka 152

155. Crataeva nurvala - Varuna 153

156. Cressa cretica - Rudravanti 154

157. Crinum latifolium - Sudarsan 155

158. Crosus sativus - Kesar 156

159. Crotalaria juncea - Shana 157

160. Crotalaria verrucosa - Shanapushpi 158

161. Croton tiglium - Jayapal 158

162. Cucumis maculata- Kachara 160

163. Cucumis melo - Kharbuja 160

164. Cucumis sativus - Khira Kakari 161

165. Cuminum cyminum - Jirak-sweta 162

166. Curculigo orchioides - Mushali-kali 163

167. Curcuma amada - Aamaa Haldi 164

168. Curcuma angustifolia - Tavakhsir 165

169. Curcuma aromatica - Van Haridra 166

170. Curcuma longa - Haridra 166

171. Curcuma zedoria - Kachura 168

172. Cuscuta reflexa - Amarbel 169

173. Cymbopogon martini - Rohishatrina 170

174. Cynodon dactylon - Durva 171

175. Cyperus scariosus - Nagarmotha 172

176. Daemonorops draco - Khoonakharaba 174

177. Dalbergia lanceolaria - Gorakha 174

178. Dalbergia sissoo - Sisama 175

179. Datura innoxia - Dhatura 176

xvi Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants of India - Volume 1

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number

180. Daucas carota - Gajar 178

181. Delonix regia - Gulturra 179

182. Delphinium denudatum - Nirvishi 180

183. Dendrophthoe falcate - Banda 180

184. Desmodium gangeticum - Shalaparni 181

185. Desmostachya bipinnata - Kusha 182

186. Dichrostachys cineria - Virataru 183

187. Digitalis purpurea - Hritapatri 184

188. Dioscorea bulbifera - Varahikanda 185

189. Diospyros malabarica - Tendu 185

190. Diplocyclos palmatus - Shivalingi 186

191. Dipterocarpus atatus - Aswakarna 187

192. Dolichos biflorus - Kulathi 188

193. Dorema ammoniacum - Ushaka 189

194. Drypetes roxburghii - Putrajivaka 189

195. Echinops echinatus - Untakatela 190

196. Eclipta prostrata - Bhringaraj 191

197. Elaeocarpus sphaericus - Rudrakhsa 192

198. Elephantopus scaber - Gojihva 193

199. Elettaria cardamomum - Choti Ilayachi 194

200. Embelia ribes - Vidanga 195

201. Enicostema axillare - Naya 197

202. Ephedra gerardiana - Soma 198

203. Eryngium caeruleum - Shakakul Mishri 198

204. Erythrina variagata - Kantaki Palasha 199

205. Eucalyptus globules - Telparni 200

206. Eulophia campestris - Saalamagatta 201

207. Eupatorium triplinrve - Ayapana 201

208. Euphorbia hirta - Dugdhika 202

209. Euphorbia neriifolia - Sehunda 203

210. Euryale ferox - Makhana 205

211. Fagonia indica - Dhanvayasa 205

212. Ferula foetida - Hingu 206

213. Ficus arnottiana - Pahari Pipal 208

214. Ficus benghalensis - Vata 209

215. Ficus carica - Anjeer 210

216. Ficus hispida - Kakodumber 211

Contents xvii

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number

217. Ficus lacor - Plakhsa 212

218. Ficus racemosa - Udumber 212

219. Ficus religiosa - Pipal 213

220. Flacourita indica - Vikankat 215

221. Flacourita jangomas - Pani Aamala 215

222. Foeniculum vulgare - Saunfa 216

223. Fumaria indica - Pittapapara 218

224. Garcinia indica - Vrikhsamla 219

225. Garcinia morella - Kankustha 220

226. Garcinia penduculata - Amlavet 220

227. Gardenia gummifera - Narihingu 221

228. Gentiana kurroo - Trayamana 222

229. Gloriosa superba - Kalihari 223

230. Glycyrrhiza glabra - Madhuyasti 224

231. Gmelina arborea - Gambhari 225

232. Gossipium herbacum - Kapaas 226

233. Grewia asiatica - Phalasa 228

234. Grewia hirsuta - Naagabala 228

235. Grewia tenax - Gangeran 229

236. Grewia tiliaefolia - Dhanvan 230

237. Gymnema sylvestre - Gurmar 230

238. Habenaria edgeworthii - Vriddhi 231

239. Habenaria intermedia - Riddhi 232

240. Haldina cordifolia - Haldu 233

241. Hedychium spicatum - Kapoorakachari 233

242. Helicteres isora - Marorphali 234

243. Heliotropium eichwaldi - Neelkanthi 235

244. Heliotropium indicum - Hastisunda 236

245. Hemidesmus indicus - Anantamool 236

246. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis - Japa 237

247. Holarrhena antidysentrica - Kutaja 238

248. Holoptelea integrifolia - Chirabilva 240

249. Hordeum vulgare - Jou 241

250. Hydnocarpus laurifolia - Chaalmogara 242

251. Hygrophila auriculata - Talmakhana 243

252. Hyocyamus niger - Parsika Yavani 244

253. Hyssopus officinalis - Jufa 246

xviii Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants of India - Volume 1

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number

254. Imperata cylindrica - Darbha 246

255. Indigofera tinctoria - Neelika 247

256. Inula racemosa - Pushkarmoola 248

257. Ipomoea digitata - Vidarikanda 249

258. Ipomoea nil - Kaladana 250

259. Ipomoea sepiaria - Laxhamana 251

260. Iris ensata - Balvacha 251

261. Jasminum gradiflorum- Chameli 252

262. Jasminum sambac - Mogara 253

263. Jatropha curcas - Ratanjot 254

264. Juglans regia - Akharot 255

265. Juniperus communis - Hauber 256

266. Justicia adhatoda - Vasa 257

267. Kalanchoe pinnata - Parnabeeja 258

268. Lagenaria siceraria - Katutumbi 259

269. Lannea coromandelica - Jingini 260

270. Lavandula stoechas - Ustakhaddus 261

271. Lawsonia inermis - Mehandi 261

272. Lens culinaris - Masura 262

273. Lepidium iberis - Todari 263

274. Lepidium sativum - Chandrasura 264

275. Leptadenia reticulata - Jivanti 265

276. Leptadenia spartium - Swarnajivanti 266

277. Leucas cephalotes - Dronapushpi 266

278. Lilium polyphylum - Khsirakakoli 267

279. Limonia acidissima - Kapittha 268

280. Linum usitatissimum - Alasi 269

281. Liquidamber orientalis - Shilarasa 270

282. Litchi chinensis - Lichi 271

283. Litsea glutinosa - Medalakari 272

284. Lochonera pussilla - Bavalibuti 272

285. Luffa acutangula - Kritavedhana 273

286. Luffa cylendrica - Dhamargava 274

287. Luffa echinata - Devadali 275

Classification of Plants According to Action 277

Classification of Clinical Use 290

Contents xix

S.N. Botanical Name of Plant Hindi Name Page Number

Index of Formulations 295

Families of Medicinal Plants 303

List of Botanical Names, Synonyms and Species 306

Abbreviations 312

Index of English Words 313

Glossary of Botanical Words 316

Glossary of Medical Words 328

Meanings of Hindi and Ayurvedic Words 338

Index to Sanskrit, Hindi and Local Names 340

Resource Plants of Gum 352

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14. Acorus calamus-Vacha

15. Adensonia digitata - Gorakha aimali 16. Actinopteris dichotoma-Mayurshikha

17. Adiantum incisum-Hansaraj

18. Aegle marmelos-Bilva

20. Agaricus campestris-Chhatraka

21. Agave americana-Kantala

22. Ailanthus excelsa-Aralu 23. Alangium salviifolium-Ankol

26. Alhagi pseudalhagi -Yavasa

25. Alectra parasitica - Ramnarayani buti

24. Albizia lebbeck-ShirishaAyu

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27. Allium cepa-Palandu 28. Allium sativum-Rasona 29. Alocasia indica-Mankanda

30. Aloe barbadensis-Ghrita kumari

31. Alpina galanga-uniflorumKulinjana

32. Alstonia scholaris Saptaparna

33. Altha officinalis- Khatm

34. Amaranthus spinosus- Cholai

35. Ammi majaus-Atari-lal 36. Amomum subulatum- Bari Ilayachi

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37. Amorphophallus paeoniifoliusSurana

38. Anacardium occidentale-Kaju

39. Anacyclus pyrenthrum-Akarakara

40. Ananas comosus-Annanasa

41. Andrographis peniculata-Kalamegha

42. Anethum graveolens-Soya

43. Annona squamosa-Sitaphala 44. Anogeisus latifolia-Dhava

45. Anthocephalus chinensis-Kadamba

46. Apium graveolens-Ajamoda 47. Aqvilaria agalocha-Agara 48. Areca catechu-Supari

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Plan

ts V

olum

e 1