Preface - GOODWELD · 2012. 5. 17. · AWS JIS Severe abrasion resistant HARD 35 — — D18 GH800...

There is a major characteristic on this new catalogue: First main categories are classifi ed based on steel types beginning with the unique

characteristics of each types of steel in relation to its welding properties. Next is the introduction of their associated soldering irons along with the explanation of the welding material products. We differentiate our catalog from the traditional ones by using the innovated approach of “consumer customization,” in which the design the catalog is based on how our customers will like to receive the order of information. Therefore, the order of introduction is from the main material-steel type to the appropriate associated welding materials, and lastly, the properties of the welding materials. In order to include more related technical information, we reduce the marketing information on the welding materials; and hence, the customers can make a better informed decision based on their actual needs rather than sales propaganda.

The followings are reminding notes on application:

• AWS is currently adopting both US Customary Unit and International System Unit (SI System). In order to promulgate the International System, we will maximize the usage of its specifi cations in the future. This catalog will still contain both Standards’ specifi cations. For example, A5.4 denotes US Customary unit and A5.4M represents the International System Unit.

• Specifications and testing results of products in the catalog are according to our own company's field test performance. Actual result might vary according to each client's actual usage. Our testing results are for referential purpose, not a guarantee of performance.

• Certain product names are hyphenated for the purpose of separating products names verses descriptions or specifications, not part of the product names or codes. For instance: GS-12K=GS12K.

• This edition of catalog contains the most updated information at the time of publication. However, due to AWS, JIS, and other related Standards’ constant modifi cation of their codes, and the need for our company to add or improve our products continually, we cannot guarantee the complete accuracy of the catalog information. We also reserve the right to make any changes to our catalogs without notifi cation. If customers need the most updated information or further clarifi cation, please kindly contact our company for any assistance.

Preface

Head Offi ce No.99, Huangong Rd., Yongkang Dist., Tainan City 71041, Taiwan Tel : +886-6-2331003 Fax: +886-6-2333213 Mail: [email protected] http://www.goodweld.com.tw

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Welding Notes ............................................................................ B10

Products Introduction ................................................................. B11

▍SMAW Electrodes for Nickel Steel (low temperature use)

Welding Notes (including consumables selection) ..................... B15


▍Flux Cored Wire for Nickel Steel (low temperature use)

Welding Notes ............................................................................ B20


▍SMAW Electrodes for Weathering Steel

Welding Notes (including consumables selection) ..................... B25


▍Flux Cored Wire for Weathering Steel

Welding Notes ............................................................................ B28


▍SMAW Electrodes for High Tensile & High Yield Strength Steels

Welding Notes ............................................................................ B31


▍Flux Cored Wire for High Tensile & High Yield Strength Steels

Welding Notes ............................................................................ B35


● Stainless Steel

▍Material General Review ....................................................................... C2

▍Welding Consumables Selection ........................................................... C5

▍SMAW Electrodes

Welding Notes ............................................................................ C8

Products Introduction ................................................................. C9

▍MIG．TIG Wire/Rod

Welding Notes (MIG) .................................................................. C18

Welding Notes (TIG) .................................................................. C19


▍SAW – Submerged Arc Welding Wire

Products list ........................................................................................ 6

● For Mild & High Tensile Strength Steel Use ........................................ A1

● For Mild & High Tensile Strength Steel Use

▍Materials General Review ..................................................................... A2

▍SMAW Electrodes

Welding consumables selection ................................................ A5

Welding Notes ............................................................................ A6

Products Introduction ................................................................. A7

▍MAG wire

Welding consumables selection ................................................. A20

Welding Notes ............................................................................ A21


▍TIG Rod

General Description And Welding Notes .................................... A29


▍SAW Wire / Flux

Welding Consumables Selection ............................................... A33

Welding Notes ............................................................................ A34


▍Flux Cored Wire (FCW)

Welding consumables selection ................................................. A39

Welding Notes ............................................................................ A40


● Low Alloy Steels

▍Materials General Review ..................................................................... B2

▍Chromium-Molybdenum (heat resistant use) Steel

Welding Consumables Selection ............................................... B3

▍SMAW Electrodes for Chromium-Molybdenum Low Alloy Steels

Welding Notes ............................................................................ B5


▍Flux Cored Wire for Chromium-Molybdenum Low Alloy Steels

Table of contents

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Welding Notes ............................................................................ E6

Products Introduction ................................................................. E7

▍MIG．TIG Wire/Rod

Welding Notes ............................................................................ E13

Products Introduction ................................................................. E14

● Cast Iron

▍Material General Review ....................................................................... F2

▍Welding consumables selection ............................................................ F3

▍Welding Notes ....................................................................................... F4

▍SMAW Electrodes

Products Introduction ................................................................. F6

● Others

▍Gouging or groove preparation use

Products Introduction ................................................................. F10

● Reference

▍DeLONG Diagram ................................................................................ G2

▍WRC-1992 Diagram ............................................................................... G3

▍Conversions ........................................................................................... G4

Welding Notes ............................................................................ C28


▍Flux Cored Wire

Welding Notes ............................................................................ C31


● Hardfacing and Wear Resistant Use

▍Hardfacing General Review .................................................................. D2

▍Welding consumables selection ........................................................... D4

▍Welding Notes ....................................................................................... D6

▍Hardfacing and Wear Resistant SMAW Electrodes

Welding Notes (SMAW Electrodes) ........................................... D9

Products Introduction ................................................................. D9

Strong impact and abrasion resistant ........................................ D9

Buffer layer and welding repairs ................................................. D11

Metal to metal abrasion resistant ............................................... D12

Metal to sand abrasion resistant ................................................ D15

Severe abrasion resistant .......................................................... D18

High temperature fatigue and corrosion resistant ...................... D22

▍Hardfacing and Wear Resistant Flux Cored Wire

Welding notes (Flux Cored Wire and SAW Flux Cored wire) ..... D24

Strong impact and abrasion resistant ........................................ D25

Buffer layer and welding repairs ................................................. D27

Metal to metal abrasion resistant ............................................... D30

Metal to sand abrasion resistant ................................................ D36

Severe Abrasion resistant .......................................................... D42

High temperature fatigue and corrosion resistant ..................... D51

● Nickel Base Alloy

▍Material General Review ....................................................................... E2

▍Cross Table for Nickel base alloys vs stainless steel, carbon steel,

low alloy steel welding consumable ...................................................... E3

▍SMAW Electrodes

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SMAW Electrodes

Steel CategoryProduct

name(1)Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)

Mild & High Tensile Strength

Steel Use

G03Equivalent to A5.1M E4313Equivalent to A5.1 E6013

Z3211 E4303 A7

NK32Equivalent to A5.1 E4313Equivalent to A5.1 E6013

Z3211 E4303 A7

G10A5.1M E4310A5.1 E6010

Z3211 E4310 A8

G11A5.1M E4311A5.1 E6011

Z3211 E4311 A8

K120A5.1M E4313A5.1 E6013

Z3211 E4313 A9

G13A5.1M E4313A5.1 E6013

Z3211 E4313 A9

G13VDA5.1M E4313A5.1 E6013

Z3211 E4313 A10

ND150LA5.1M E4319A5.1 E6019

Z3211 E4319U A10

D200A5.1M E4319A5.1 E6019

Z3211 E4319U A11

G27A5.1M E4327A5.1 E6027

Z3211 E4327 A11

EX7A5.1M E4327A5.1 E6027

Z3211 E4327 A12

GL52A5.1M E4916A5.1 E7016

Z3211 E4916UH10 A12

GL5218A5.1M E4918A5.1 E7018

Z3211 E4918H10 A13

GL24A5.1M E4924A5.1 E7024

Z3211 E4903 A13

GL524A5.1M E4924A5.1 E7024

Z3211 E4924 A14

GL5226A5.1M E4928A5.1 E7028

Z3211 E4928UH15 A14

GL528A5.1M E4928A5.1 E7028

Z3211 E4928UH15 A15

Products list

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SMAW Electrodes


name(1)

Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)


Steel Use

EX55VA5.1M E4948A5.1 E7048

Z3211 E4948H10 A15

GL55＊A5.5M E5516-GA5.5 E8016-G

Z3211 E5716H10 A16

GL60＊A5.5M E6216-GA5.5 E9016-G

Z3211 E5716H10 A16

GL70＊A5.5M E6916-GA5.5 E10016-G

Equivalent to Z3211 E6916-N4M3

A17

GL80＊A5.5M E7616-GA5.5 E11016-G

Z3211 E7816-N4CM2 A17

GL100＊A5.5M E8316-GA5.5 E12016-G

Equivalent to Z3211 E8318-N4C2M2

A18

Chromium – Molybdenum

(heat resistant use)Steel

GL76A1／GL78A1

A5.5M E4916（8）-A1A5.5 E7016（8）-A1

Z3223 DT1216 B6

GL86B1／GL88B1

A5.5M E5516（8）-B1A5.5 E8016（8）-B1

Z3223 DT2316（8）B6

GL86B2／GL88B2

A5.5M E5516（8）-B2A5.5 E8016（8）-B2

Z3223 DT2316(8) B7

GL96B3／GL98B3

A5.5M E6216（8）-B3A5.5 E9016（8）-B3

Z3223 DT2416(8) B7

GL86B6／GL88B6

A5.5 M E5516（8）-B6A5.5 E8016（8）-B6

－ B8

GL86B8／GL88B8

A5.5M E 5516（8）-B8A5.5 E8016（8）-B8

－ B8

Nickel Steel (low temperature use)

GL86C1／GL88C1

A5.5M E5516（8）-C1A5.5 E8016（8）-C1

Z3211 E5516(8)-N5 B17

GL86C2／GL88C2

A5.5M E5516（8）-C2 A5.5 E8016（8）-C2

Z3211 E5516(8)-N7 B17

GL86C3／GL88C3

A5.5M E5516（8）-C3 A5.5 E8016（8）-C3

Z3211 E5516(8)-N2 B18

Weathering Steel

GL78W1A5.5M E4918-W1A5.5 E7018-W1

Z3214 DA5016G B26

GL88W2A5.5M E5518-W2A5.5 E8018-W2

Z3214 DA5816W B26

SMAW Electrodes


name(1)

Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)

High Tensile and High Yield Strength Steel

GL98MA5.5M E6218MA5.5 E9018M

Z3211 E6218-N3M1 B32

GL108MA5.5M E6918MA5.5 E10018M

Z3211 E6918-N3M2 B32

GL118MA5.5M E7618MA5.5 E11018M

Z3211 E7618-N4M2 B33

GL128MA5.5M E8318MA5.5 E12018M

Z3211 E8318-N4C2M2 B33

Stainless Steel

G307 A5.4 E307-16 Z3221 ES307-16 C9

G307M A5.4 E307-26 Z3221 ES307-26 C9

G308 A5.4 E308-16 Z3221 ES308-16 C10

G308L A5.4 E308L-16 Z3221 ES308L-16 C10

G308M A5.4 E308-26 Z3221 ES308-26 C11

G309 A5.4 E309-16 Z3221 ES309-16 C11

G309L A5.4 E309L-16 Z3221 ES309L-16 C12

G309MoL A5.4 E309LMo-16 Z3221 ES309LMo-16 C12

G310 A5.4 E310-16 Z3221 ES310-16 C13

G312 A5.4 E312-16 Z3221 ES312-16 C13

G316 A5.4 E316-16 Z3221 ES316-16 C14

G316L A5.4 E316L-16 Z3221 ES316L-16 C14

G317 A5.4 E317-16 Z3221 ES317-16 C15

G347 A5.4 E347-16 Z3221 ES347-16 C15

G410 A5.4 E410-16 Z3221 ES410-16 C16

G2209 A5.4 E2209-16 Z3221 ES2209-16 C16

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SMAW Electrodes

Steel Category

Product

name(1)

Specif ication(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)

Strong impact resistant

GH13M — Z3251 DFMA-250B D9

HARDMANG1— —

D10

HARDMANG3— —

D10

Buffer layer and welding

GH300—

Z3251 DF2A-300B D11

GH300R — Z3251 DF2A-300R D11

Metal to metal abrasion

GH350R — Z3251 DF2A-350R D12

GH450 — Z3251 DF2A-450B D12

GH450R — Z3251 DF2B-450R D13

GH600 — Z3251 DF3C-600B D13

GH600R — Z3251 DF3B-600R D14

SMAW Electrodes


name(1)

Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)

Severe abrasion resistant

HARD 35 — — D18

GH800 — — D18

GH900Mn — — D19

GH950Nb — — D19

GH950 — — D20

GH950C — — D20

GHCW — — D21

High temperature fatigue and

corrosion resistantGH13Cr-4 — — D22

Nickel base alloy

GNC 132 A5.11 ENiCrFe-1 Z3224 DNiCrFe-1 E7



GNC 112 A5.11 ENiCrMo-3 Z3224 DNiCrMo-3 E10

GNC 277 A5.11 ENiCrMo-5 Z3224 DNiCrMo-5 E11

Cast Iron

GC100 A5.15 ENi-CI Z3252 DFCNi F6

GC55 A5.15 ENiFe-CI Z3252 DFCNi Fe F6

GCO A5.15 ESt Z3252 DFCFe F7

GCI-1 A5.15 ENi-CI Z3252 DFCNi F7

GCI-2 A5.15 ENiFe-CI Z3252 DFCNi Fe F8

GCI-3 A5.15 ESt Z3252 DFCFe F8

Gouging or groove

preparation use

GGC — — F10

Gouging Carbon — — F10

Metal to sand abrasion resistant

GH750 — Z3251 DF3C-700B D15

GH900 — Z3251 DF5A-700B D15

HARD D — — D16

GH900W — D16

HARD 31 — — D17

MAG．TIG wire / rod


Steel Use

S-GA5.18M ER48S-GA5.18 ER70S-G

Z3312 YGW11 A23

S-4GW16

A5.18M ER48S-4A5.18 ER70S-4

— A23

S-6A5.18M ER48S-6A5.18 ER70S-6

Z3312 YGW12 A24

GW11A5.18M ER48S-GA5.18 ER70S-G

Z3312 YGW11 A24

GW12A5.18M ER48S-6A5.18 ER70S-6

Z3312 YGW12 A25

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MAG．TIG wire/rod


name(1)

Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)


Steel Use

GW15 — Z3312 YGW15 A25

GW18＊A5.28M ER62S-GA5.28 ER90S-G

Z3312 YGW18 A26

GW19＊A5.28M ER62S-GA5.28 ER90S-G

Z3312 G55A0UM19 A26

TIG

Carbon steel use

GT50A5.18M ER48S-6A5.18 ER70S-6

Z3316 YGT50 A30

GT52TA5.18M ER48S-GA5.18 ER70S-G

— A30

GT60A5.28M ER55S-GA5.28 ER80S-G

— A31

Stainless Steel

GT308 A5.9 ER308 Z3321 YS308 C20

GT308L A5.9 ER308L Z3321 YS308L C21

GT309 A5.9 ER309 Z3321 YS309 C21

GT309L A5.9 ER309L Z3321 YS309L C22

GT310 A5.9 ER310 Z3321 YS310 C22

GT312 A5.9 ER312 Z3321 YS312 C23

GT316 A5.9 ER316 Z3321 YS316 C23

GT316L A5.9 ER316L Z3321 YS316L C24

GT347 A5.9 ER347 Z3321 YS347 C24

GT410 A5.9 ER410 Z3321 YS410 C25

GT430 A5.9 ER430 Z3321 YS430 C25

GT630 A5.9 ER630 — C26

TIG


name(1)

Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)

Nickel base alloys

GTN82 A5.14 ERNiCr-3 Z3334 YNiCr-3 E14

GTN625 A5.14ERNiCrMo-3 Z3334 YNiCrMo-3 E14

Welding wire / MIG

Stainless Steel

GM307 A5.9 ER307 — C20

GM308 A5.9 ER308 Z3321 YS308 C20

GM308L A5.9 ER308L Z3321 YS308L C21

GM309 A5.9 ER309 Z3321 YS309 C21

GM309L A5.9 ER309L Z3321 YS309L C22

GM310 A5.9 ER310 Z3321 YS310 C22

GM312 A5.9 ER312 Z3321 YS312 C23

GM316 A5.9 ER316 Z3321 YS316 C23

GM316L A5.9 ER316L Z3321 YS316L C24

GM347 A5.9 ER347 Z3321 YS347 C24

GM410 A5.9 ER410 Z3321 YS410 C25

Nickel base alloys

GMN82 A5.14 ERNiCr-3 Z3334 YNiCr-3 E14

GMN625 A5.14 ERNiCrMo-3 Z3334 YNiCrMo-3 E14

SAW / Flux

Carbon steel use

GA78×GS8 A5.17 F7A2-EL8 Z3183 S502-H A36

GA78×GS12K A5.17 F7A2-EM12K Z3183 S502-H A36

GA86×GS12K A5.17 F7A4-EM12K Z3183 S502-H A37

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SAW / Flux


name(1)

Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)

Stainless Steel

GS308/GS308L

A5.9 ER308A5.9 ER308L

Z3324 YS308Z3324 YS308L

C29

GS309/GS309L

A5.9 ER309A5.9 ER309L

Z3324 YS309Z3324 YS309L

C29

GS316/GS316L

A5.9 ER316A5.9 ER316L

Z3324 YS316Z3324 YS316L

C29

Flux Cored Wire / FCAW

Carbon steel use

GMX70A5.20M E490T-1C

A5.20 E70T-1CZ3313 T49J2T1-0CA-H10

A41

GMX71A5.20M E491T-1C

A5.20 E71T-1CZ3313 T49J2T1-1CA-H10

A42

GMX71MA5.20M E491T-1M

A5.20 E71T-1MZ3313 T49J2T1-1MA-H10

A43

GMX71NiA5.20M E491T-9C

A5.20 E71T-9C— A44

MXC76MA5.18M E48C-6MA5.18 E70C-6M

— A45

Stainless Steel

GMX308L A5.22 E308LT1-1 Z3323 TS308L-FC1 C32

GMX308L-O A5.22 E308LT0-3 Z3323 TS308L-FN0 C33


GMX309L-O A5.22 E309LT0-3 Z3323 TS309L-FN0 C35

GMX309LMo A5.22 E309LMoT1-1 Z3323TS309LMo-FC1 C36


Chromium – Molybdenum

(heat resistant use)Steel

GMX811A1A5.29M E551T1-A1C

A5.29 E81T1-A1C— B11

GMX811B2A5.29M E551T1-B2C

A5.29 E81T1-B2C— B12

GMX911B3A5.29M E621T1-B3C

A5.29 E91T1-B3C—

B13

Nickel Steel (low temperature

use)

GMX811Ni1A5.29M E551T1-Ni1C

A5.29 E81T1-Ni1C— B21


A5.29 E81T1-Ni2C— B22


A5.29 E91T1-Ni2C— B23

Flux Cored Wire / FCAW


name(1)

Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)

Weathering Steel GMX811W2A5.29M E551T1-W2C

A5.29 E81T1-W2C— B29

High Tensile and High Yield Strength Steel

GMX101K3A5.29M E691T1-K3CA5.29 E101T1-K3C

— B36

Strong impact resistant

MXW MANG1

— — D25

MXW MANG3

— — D26

Buffer layer and welding repairs

MXW BU-O — — D27

MXW BU-G — — D28

MXW K104-S

— — D29

Metal to metal abrasion resistant

MXW SUPER BU-G

— — D30

MXW BB-G — — D31

MXW 102-G — — D32

MXW K102-S — — D33

MXW K105-S — — D34

MXW K107-S — — D35

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Flux Cored Wire and Submerged arc welding wire / FCAW and SAW


name(1)

Specifi cation(2)

PageAWS JIS (3)

High temperature fatigue and corrosion resistant

GMX 410NiMo

— — D51

MXW K410NiMo-S

— — D52

MXW K420-S

— — D53

MXW K423-S

— — D54

Note :

1.Symbol "＊"the classifi cation of products is according to JIS and ISO.

2.Specifications abbreviation :

CNS=Chinese National Standards

JIS=Japanese Industrial Standards

AWS=American Welding Society

The following specifi cations abbreviation may be marked on the product packaging :

ASME=American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ABS=American Bureau of Shipping

CR=China Corporation Register of Shipping

LR=Lloyd's Register of Shipping

NK=Nippon Kaiji Kyokai

BV=Bureau Veritas

3. is defi ned as the product meets the JIS specifi cations, and obtain the permission of JIS

MARK.

Metal to sand abrasion resistant

MXW DD-G — — D36

MXW 969-G — — D37

MXW 969-O — — D38

MXW M7-G — — D39

MXW D — — D40

MXW R117 — — D41

Severe abrasion resistant

MXW R100 — — D42

MXW R101 — — D43

MXW R100D — — D44

MXWR100SHD

— — D45

MXW 62-O — — D46

MXW 63-O — — D47

MXW 65-O — — D48

MXW 66-O — — D49

MXW 70-O — — D50

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Materials General Review

Steels are categorized by the base of the amount of carbon content but not by silicon (Si), manganese (Mn) or other elements. If we review many different steel specifi cations, we will see Si or Mn contents are much more than Carbon, but they are not used for steel categorizing, why?

As we know, almost of carbon (but may not be all) in steels are converted into Fe3C which is a very hard and high strength compound material we called it as cementite, the amount of cementite is the major factor to decide steel properties such as hardness and tensile strength.

Let us see the molecular Fe3C in detail, the atomic weight of C is 12 and the Fe is about 55.8, the weight of 3 Fe atoms plus 1 C atom is about 179.5, C occupies weight rate is only about 6.68%. In other words, the weight of 1 atom C can make 15 times weight of cementite. For 0.3% carbon steel as an example, suppose all 0.3% carbon is converted into Fe3C, the weight of Fe3C rate can be about 4.5%. Cementite weight ratio can vary 15 times by slightly varying of C content. This is a very important understanding to know why there is a big change of steel mechanical properties only by small amount change of C content.

In general, steels with C content ≦ 0.3% are mild or low carbon steels; > 0.3% but ≦ 0.5% are medium carbon steels; > 0.5% are high carbon steels.

The hardening of Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) is a major detriment factor to a weldment, and the degree of HAZ hardening tendency can be used to evaluate the weld ability of steel. It is not only affected by C content but also by Mn, Si and other elements those have different affection level as C does. The Carbon Equivalent is the summary of Carbon content plus other alloy elements each of those is divided by a specifi c number due to different hardening affection level as compared to carbon. The higher the Carbon Equivalent, the poor the weld ability a steel is ( high possibility of cold cracking induced by high hardening tendency ), so it is a very common and useful data to determine whether a steel is easy or diffi cult to weld and can be the welding control base to give necessary pre-heating and inter-pass temperature.

The Carbon Equivalent calculation formula is shown as following :Ceq.= C + Mn / 6 + Si / 24 + Ni / 40 + Cr / 5 + Mo / 4 + V / 1 4 (%) (JIS) orCeq.= C + Mn / 6+1/5 (Cr+Mo + V) + 1/15 ( Ni + Cu ) (IIW, International Welding Institute) ( % )

The value of Ceq., C, Mn, Si, Ni, Cr, Mo, V etc. are weight percentage of a steel.When Ceq. ≦ 0.4% and HV< 350, the steel has good weld ability and seldom

welding crack happened. It is absolute necessary to preheat before welding when Ceq and Hardness are over above values.

The relation between Ceq. and HAZ hardness can be approximately calculated by following formula :HV max = 1200 x Ceq - 200

For Mild & High Tensile Strength Steel Use

A3

The relationship between HAZ Max. Hardness and preheat / PWHT requirement

Remark: A proper preheat and PWHT for a weld can effectively prevent HAZ hardening which may induce cold crack. The above description is mainly to tell the important concept of Ceq. and the mentioned preheat / PWHT temperature is only for reference, all actual work shall consider the size and thickness of work to give necessary adjustment such as to increase preheat / PWHT temperature or extend holding time etc.

The followings are general notes in relation to preheat and inter-pass temperature:a. Nowadays the structure steel for common use is low carbon steel, the AWS D 1.1 (AWS

Structural Welding Code) Table 3.2 tells preheat and inter-pass temperature are mainly related with work thickness.

b. A steel which has very good weld ability when Ceq. ≦ 0.4%; the weld ability is getting a little bit poor when Ceq. 0.4% ~ 0.5%; Once Ceq. > 0.5%, the weld ability will be very poor.

c. The medium carbon content steels have Ceq. between 0.45 ~ 0.6%, if the work size is big, heavy thickness and complicated in shape, crack will be very easy to occur due to abnormal high residual stress. 250°C preheat and 650°C PWHT or full annealing are strongly recommend in welding these steels.

d. To weld medium or high carbon content steels, variables will include the work size, preheat / PWHT requirement, fi ller metal selection, etc.

Base metal may have excess phosphorous or sulfur content to have abnormal precipitation, it can induce hot cracking during welding, check material chemical analysis report in detail is strongly recommended before welding for determining right welding procedure.

Proper bevel angle and good fi t up gap for the before welding preparation will also be necessary to prevent other defects such as incomplete fusion, high stress restriction and cracking, etc.

HV Max. Hardness Preheat inter-pass and PWHT Temperature

≦ 200 Not necessary

201~ 250 Proper preheat recommended

251~ 325 Preheat over 150°C and 650°C PWHT

> 325 Preheat over 150°C and 650°C PWHT or full annealing

For M

ild &

Hig

h Te

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Stre

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Ste

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Gen

eral

Rev

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SMAW Electrodes

A5 A6

SMAW Welding Notes Welding Consumables Selection

AWS specifi cation（A5.1） —

E6010E6011 E6013 E6019 E6027 E7016 E7018 E7024 E7028 E7048

JIS specifi cation E4303 E4310E4311 E4313 E4319 E4327E4916U

H10E4918H10 E4924

E4928UH15

E4948H10

Covered category lime-titania

high cellulose

potassium

high titania

potassiumilmenite

high iron

oxide, iron

powder

Low Hydrogen

Type

low-hydrogen

potassium, iron

powder

iron powder,titania

low-hydrogen

potassium, iron

powder

Low Hydrogen

Type

Welding performance

crack resistant ability ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ☆ ☆ ○ ◎ ☆

RT ray detection inspection

performance○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ☆ ☆ ○ ◎ ◎

Impact performance ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ☆ ☆ ○ ◎ ◎

Operation ability

welding positions

Flat position ☆ ○ ☆ ◎ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ —

Horizontal fi llet

position☆ ○ ☆ ◎ ☆ ○ ○ ☆ ☆ —

Vertical upward position

△ ○ ○ ◎ — ☆ ☆ — — —

Vertical downward position

— ☆ ◎ △ — — — — — ☆

Horizontal and

overhead position

△ ☆ ◎ ◎ — ○ ○ — — —

Bead appearance

Flat position ☆ △ ☆ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ —

Horizontal fi llet

position☆ △ ☆ ○ ☆ ○ ○ ☆ ☆ —

Vertical, overhead

or horizontal position

△ ☆ ◎ ○ — ◎ ◎ — — ☆

penetration depth ○ ☆ △ ◎ △ ○ ○ △ △ ○

re-arc ability ☆ ☆ ☆ ○ ☆ — — ☆ ☆ △

welding spatter quantity ○ △ ◎ ○ ◎ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ○

slag removal ability ☆ ○ ◎ ○ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ☆

welding speed ◎ △ ○ ○ ◎ ○ ○ ◎ ◎ ☆

good for thin plate ◎ △ ☆ ○ △ △ △ △ △ △

Note: ☆: Excellent, ◎ : Good, ○ : Normal, △: Poor, —: NAThis information is for reference only, welcome to consult us if any further detail require

1. Keep electrodes in dry condition to prevent blow hole, coating damage, spatter increasing, poor arc re-starting ability, poor current standing ability and detrimental to weld metal mechanical properties, etc.

2. Electrodes’ baking condition shall follow the recommendation described in each product features of this catalogue. The baking temperature range is 70~100°C x 1 hr for mild steel electrodes and 300~350°C x1 hr for low hydrogen electrodes.

3. All base metal surface dirt, grease, rust etc., shall be full removed before welding in order to prevent diffusible hydrogen increasing and weld metal poor mechanical properties.

4. Proper grinding is necessary to remove surface scales and slag to smooth the coarsen trace on the base metal cutting edge.

5. Welding parameters such as current, voltage or heat input etc., shall follow the ranges described in Welding Procedure Specification but not over the manufacturer product recommended range.

6. Preheat inter pass temperature and PWHT can follow the reference in Materials General Review or related codes requirement.

7. Proper shelter and gas torch drying on base metal to remove moisture are necessary when welding in raining/windy environment.

8. Short arc technique is strongly recommended on welding low hydrogen electrodes. It can prevent nitrogen and oxygen from permeating into the arc which may cause blow holes. If weaving is necessary, the width shall be within 3 times of electrode diameter.

9. Most electrodes can be used for welding by AC and DC(±) polarity, but AC is most common.

10.The polarity illustration:

DCEP ( DC+ ): Electrode positive or DC reverse polarity (DCRP).DCEN ( DC– ): Electrode negative or DC straight polarity (DCSP).

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A7 A8

G03 AWS A5.1M E4313 / A5.1 E6013 (Similar)JIS Z 3211 E4303

NK32 AWS A5.1M E4313 / A5.1 E6013JIS Z 3211 E4303

Typical chemical composition of all weld metal (wt%)

C Si Mn P S

0.07 0.29 0.47 0.018 0.011

Typical mechanical properties of all weld metal

Yield StrengthN/mm2

Tensile StrengthN/mm2

Elongation%

Impact value(-20°C) J

423 466 26 55

Size (mm) & recommended welding parameters (A) AC or DC±

Diameter / Length 2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450

Flat position 80~100 100~140 150~200 230~280

Vertical / overhead position

70~90 90~130 120~170 170~220


C Si Mn P S

0.07 0.27 0.46 0.016 0.013


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


419 460 27 58


Diameter / Length 2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450

Flat position 80~100 100~140 150~200 230~280


70~90 90~130 120~170 170~220

G10 AWS A5.1M E4310 / A5.1 E6010JIS Z 3211 E4310

G11 AWS A5.1M E4311 / A5.1 E6011 JIS Z 3211 E4311Typical chemical composition of all weld metal (wt%)

C Si Mn P S

0.13 0.12 0.39 0.016 0.010


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


429 498 28 57


C Si Mn P S

0.09 0.10 0.39 0.018 0.012


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


464 548 25 61

Size (mm) & recommended welding parameters (A) DC+

Diameter / Length 2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400

Flat position 60~90 70~110 110~150


50~80 60~100 100~140


Diameter / Length 3.2/350 4.0/350 4.8/350

Flat position 70~110 110~150 160~210


60~100 100~140 150~200

Product Features:● Lime titanium oxide type covered

electrodes for mild steel.● Easy slag removal and re-arcing

property.● High current available for

increasing welding effi ciency.● Superior for flat position.

Applications:● Suitable for moderate thickness

steel structures such as shipbuilding, truck frame, buildings, bridges, tanks, and other general structures.

Product Features:● Lime titanium oxide type covered

electrodes for mild steel.● Easy slag removal and re-arcing

property.● High current available for

increasing welding effi ciency.● Superior for fl at and fi llet horizontal

position.


steel structures such as shipbuilding, truck frame, buildings, bridges, tanks, and other general structures.

Product Features:● High cellulose type covered

electrode for DC use. ● High arc penetration and

concentration.● Easy slag removal.● Fast solidifi cation of weld metal,

good for narrow groove root pass.


steel work one side butt joint high pressure piping root pass.

Product Features:● High cellulose type covered

electrode for mild steel. ● High arc penetration and

concentration.● Fast solidification of weld metal,

good for all positions in limited space and especially on vertical and overhead position.


steel work one side butt joint root pass.

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◎ Note: Refer to page A6 welding note.




A9 A10

G13 AWS A5.1M E4313 / A5.1 E6013 JIS Z 3211 E4313


C Si Mn P S

0.05 0.29 0.28 0.019 0.010


Diameter / Length 2.0/300 2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400

Flat position 50~70 60~90 100~130 150~180


45~60 60~70 90~120 130~160


C Si Mn P S

0.07 0.26 0.37 0.014 0.010


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%

Impact value(0°C) J

453 479 28 70


Diameter / Length 2.0/300 2.6/350 3.2/350 4.0/400

Flat position 50~70 60~90 100~130 150~180


45~60 60~70 90~120 130~160

K120 AWS A5.1M E4313 / A5.1 E6013 JIS Z 3211 E4313

ND150L AWS A5.1M E4319 / A5.1 E6019 JIS Z 3211 E4319U


C Si Mn P S

0.07 0.38 0.35 0.018 0.012


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


471 519 28 78


Diameter / Length 2.0/300 2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400

Flat position 50~70 70~100 90~130 160~200


45~60 60~90 80~100 140~170


C Si Mn P S

0.09 0.08 0.46 0.016 0.010


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


439 475 29 82


Diameter / Length 2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450

Flat position 60~80 100~140 140~190 230~280


50~70 80~100 120~160 170~220

G13VD AWS A5.1M E4313 / A5.1 E6013 JIS Z 3211 E4313


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


433 474 27 67

Product Features:● High titanium oxide type covered

electrode for mild steel.● High arc stability and easy to re-

arc.● Easy slag removal in proper

current range.● Good bead appearance.● High welding performance and

no undercut occurred.

Applications:● Suitable for low current thin plates

welding.


type electrode for mild steel. ● High arc stability and easy to re-

arc.● Easy slag removal in proper

current range.● Higher speed fusion rate to

improve deposition efficiency than other similar grade products.

● H igh cu r ren t ava i l ab le fo r increasing welding effi ciency.

Applications:● Suitable for thin plates, light

structure, vehicles and general iron fittings.


electrode special for vertical downward position with strong arc force and good manipulation.

● Good bead appearance and easy slag removal for horizontal fillet position.

● Good arc concentration and re-arcing property.

Applications:● Suitable for thin plates, light

structure,vehicles and general iron fittings.

Product Features:● Ilmenite type covered electrode

for mild steel is available to process full positions welding.

● Available for high current welding.● Good slag removal.● Good for RT examination, good

mechanical properties.

Applications:● Suitable for welding of thickness ≦20mm steel structures on shipbuilding,vehicles, buildings, bridges, tanks, pressure vessels and general mechanical structures.

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A11 A12

Size (mm) & recommended welding parameters (A) AC or DC–

Diameter / Length5.0

550/7006.0

550/7006.4

550/700

Flat position 180~230 240~290 260~310

G27 AWS A5.1M E4327 / A5.1 E6027 JIS Z 3211 E4327


C Si Mn P S

0.11 0.15 0.41 0.018 0.010


Diameter / Length 2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450

Flat position 60~80 100~140 140~190 230~280


50~70 80~100 120~160 170~220


C Si Mn P S

0.06 0.049 0.96 0.03 0.01


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


473 521 26 60

Size (mm) & recommended welding parameters (A) AC or DC–


550/7006.0

550/7006.4

550/700

Flat position 180~230 240~290 260~310

D200 AWS A5.1M E4319 / A5.1 E6019 JIS Z 3211 E4319U


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


454 487 27 76

GL52 AWS A5.1M E4916 / A5.1 E7016 JIS Z 3211 E4916UH10


C Si Mn P S

0.08 0.049 0.96 0.03 0.012


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


473 521 26 60


C Si Mn P S

0.08 0.46 0.91 0.019 0.009


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


517 578 30 140

Size (mm) & recommended welding parameters (A) AC or DC+

Diameter / Length

2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450 6.0/450

Flat position

70~100 100~140 140~190 220~300 280~340


60~90 80~110 120~160 160~200 —

EX7 AWS A5.1M E4327 / A5.1 E6027 JIS Z 3211 E4327Product Features:● Ilmenite type covered electrode

for mild steel.● Available for all positions, good

crack and porosity resistance.● Easy slag removal. ● Good for RT examination, good

mechanical properties.● High arc concentration and good

bead appearance.

Applications:● Suitable for welding of thickness ≦20mm steel structures on shipbuilding,vehicles, buildings, bridges, tanks, pressure vessels and general mechanical structures.

Product Features:● Iron powder ferric oxide type

covered electrode for mild steel.● Good bead appearance and

easy slag removal.● High deposition effi ciency. ● Smooth fillet appearance, no

surface undercut.● Suitable for gravity semi auto

welding, easy slag removal.

Applications:● Suitable for fl at position of Build-

up type steel beam and girder fabrication such as H beam or T bar.

Product Features:● High iron oxide type covered

electrode special for butt fl at and horizontal fi llet joint.

● Good arc stability and easy to re-arc.

● High deposition efficiency and less fume than other similar grade products.

● Smooth fillet appearance and no surface undercut.

● Suitable for gravity semi auto welding, easy slag removal.

Applications:● Suitable for fl at position of Build-

up type steel beam and girder fabrication such as H beam or T bar.

Product Features:● Low hydrogen type covered

electrode for high tensile strength steel.

● Suitable for all positions.● Good for RT examination, good

mechanical properties.● Basic type slag, easy to remove.

Applications:● Suitable for welding of 490

N/mm2 high tensile strength low alloy steel structures on shipbuilding, buildings, bridges, machinery, heavy thickness steel castings and pressure vessels.

● Suitable for welding of moderate & high carbon contained steels.

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◎ Note: 1.300~350°C x 1 hr baking prior to use.2.Refer to page A6 welding note.

A13 A14



5.0/5.5550/700

6.0550/700

6.4550/700

Flat position 160~200 200~240 250~280 280~310

GL24 AWS A5.1M E4924 / A5.1 E7024 JIS Z 3211 E4903


C Si Mn P S

0.09 0.60 1.32 0.020 0.010


Diameter / Length 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450 6.0/450

Flat position 100~140 140~190 220~300 280~330


80~110 120~160 160~200 —


C Si Mn P S

0.09 0.22 0.64 0.020 0.009


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


470 514 29 80

GL5218 AWS A5.1M E4918 / A5.1 E7018 JIS Z 3211 E4918H10


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


569 638 27 88


Diameter / Length 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450

Flat position 85~140 130~190 150~220


60~120 100~160 120~180



C Si Mn P S

0.07 0.58 1.07 0.016 0.009


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


556 609 21 62


C Si Mn P S

0.05 0.38 0.87 0.024 0.010

All weld metal mechanical properties (sample)

Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


496 540 26 53

GL524 AWS A5.1M E4924 / A5.1 E7024 JIS Z 3211 E4924



5.0550/700

6.0550/700

Flat position 160~190 210~250 280~320

Product Features:● Iron powder low hydrogen type

covered electrode for high tensile strength steel.

● Good for RT examination, good mechanical properties and good crack resistance.

● H igh weld ing per formance, low spatter loss and easy slag removal.

● Good manipulation in vertical position.


N/mm2 high tensile strength low alloy steel structures on shipbuilding, buildings, bridges, machinery, heavy thickness steel castings and pressure vessels.

● Suitable for welding of moderate & high carbon contained steels.

Product Features:● Iron powder Titanium oxide type


● High arc stability and easy to re-arc.

● High welding effi ciency and good manipulation ratio.

● Acid type slag, easy to remove.

Applications:● Suitable for welding of thickness ≦25mm, 490 N/mm2 high tensile strength steel structures on shipbuilding,vehicles, buildings, bridges, tanks, pressure vessels and general mechanical steel structures.

Product Features:● Iron powder Titanium oxide type


● High deposition efficiency. ● Good bead appearance● Easy slag removal, easy re-arc

and good manipulation.● Suitable for gravity semi auto

welding, easy slag removal.

Applications:● Suitable for horizontal f i l let

position of Build-up type steel beam and girder fabrication such as H beam or T bar.

Product Features:● Iron powder contained available

for high deposition effi ciency.● Good bead appearance.● Good re-arcing property and

manipulation.● Suitable for gravity semi auto

welding, easy slag removal.● Available for high current welding.

Applications:● Suitable for horizontal fi llet


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◎ Note: 1. 300~350°C x 1 hr baking prior to use.2. Refer to page A6 welding note.




A15 A16

EX55V AWS A5.1M E4948 / A5.1 E7048 JIS Z 3211 E4948H10


C Si Mn P S

0.05 0.38 0.87 0.024 0.010


C Si Mn P S

0.09 0.42 0.79 0.019 0.009


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


489 562 30 68



Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


496 540 26 61



5.0550/700

6.0550/700

6.4550/700

Flat position 160~200 200~240 250~280 280~310


Diameter / Length 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450

Flat position 110~140 170~190 240~280

GL60 AWS A5.5M E6216-G / A5.5 E9016-G JIS Z 3211 E5716H10


C Si Mn Ni

0.07 0.66 1.24 0.03


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


558 623 28 170


C Si Mn Ni Mo

0.05 0.38 0.79 0.97 0.26


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


588 665 27 110

GL55 AWS A5.5M E5516-G / A5.5 E8016-G JIS Z 3211 E5716H10


Diameter / Length 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450 6.0/450

Flat position 100~140 150~190 200~270 280~350


80~110 120~160 160~190 —


Diameter / Length 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450 6.0/450

Flat position 100~140 150~190 200~270 280~340


80~110 120~160 160~190 —

Product Features:● Iron powder contained available

for high deposition effi ciency.● Good bead appearance.● Good re-arcing property and

manipulation.● Suitable for gravity semi auto

welding, easy slag removal.● Available for high current welding.

Applications:● Suitable for horizontal fi llet



electrode for high tensile strength steel special in vertical downward position.

● Easy slag removal and good manipulation.

● Good bead appearance.● Good mechanical and crack

resistance properties.

Applications:● Suitable for vertical downward

steel structures on shipbuilding, bridge, steel structure and pressure vessels.


electrode for 550 N/mm2 grade high tensile strength steel.


mechanical properties.● Low hydrogen content in weld

metal, good crack resistance.

Applications:● Suitable for welding of 550 N/

mm2 high tensile strength steel main structures on buildings and pressure vessels.







mm2 high tensile strength steel main structures on buildings and pressure vessels.

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◎ Note: 1. 300~350°C x 1 hr baking prior to use.2. Keep arc length as short as possible.3. Refer to page A6 welding note.

◎ Note: 1. 300~350°C x 1 hr baking prior to use. 2. Refer to page A6 welding note.

◎ Note: 1.300~350°C x 1 hr baking prior to use.2. Refer to page A6 welding note.

A17 A18

GL80 AWS A5.5M E7616-G / A5.5 E11016-G JIS Z3211 E7816-N4CM2


C Si Mn Ni Mo

0.07 0.47 1.18 0.95 0.47


C Si Mn Ni Cr Mo

0.07 0.59 1.54 1.97 0.28 0.41

GL70 AWS A5.5M E6916-G / A5.5 E10016-Gequal to JIS Z3211 E6916-N4M3


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%

677 724 24


Diameter / Length 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450 6.0/450

Flat position 100~140 150~190 200~270 280~340


80~110 120~160 160~190 —


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%

767 860 21


Diameter / Length 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450 6.0/450

Flat position 100~140 150~200 220~270 280~340


80~110 120~150 160~190 —

GL100 AWS A5.5M E8316-G / A5.5 E12016-G equal to JIS Z3211 E8318-N4C2M2


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%

821 899 21


Diameter / Length 2.6/300 3.2/350 4.0/400 5.0/450

Flat position 60~90 90~140 150~200 220~270


50~80 80~110 120~150 160~190


C Si Mn Ni Cr Mo

0.06 0.38 1.41 2.00 0.58 0.43



● Suitable for all positions. ● Good for RT examination, good



Applications:● Suitable for welding 690 N/

mm2 high tensile strength steel structures on pressure vessels and steel constructions.






Applications:● Suitable for welding 760 N/

mm2 high tensile strength steel structures on pressure vessels and steel constructions.



● Suitable for all positions. ● Good for RT examination, good




N/mm2 high tensile strength steel structures on pressure vessels and steel constructions.

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A20

Welding Consumables Selection

Product name

Shielding gas Property descriptionSpecifi cation

AWS JIS

S-4CO2 or mixing gas

(note)

Better deoxidation effect than ER70S-3, no charpy impact requirement.

ER 70S-4 YGW 12

S-6CO2 or mixing gas

(note)

Available for single and multi-passes, good anti-rust capability, and good for high current welding.

ER 70S-6 YGW 12

S-GCO2 or mixing gas

(note)

Available for single and multi-passes, requirements are those agreed to by the purchaser and the supplier.

ER 70S-G YGW 11

GW11 CO2

Contain Ti (or Zr) deoxidation element, suitable for mild and 490MPa high strength steel high current welding.

— YGW 11

GW12 CO2

Suitable for mild and 490MPa high strength steel, low current, thin plate and full position welding.

— YGW 12

GW15 80%Ar+20%CO2

Contain Ti (or Zr) deoxidation element, suitable for mild and 490MPa high strength steel high current welding.

— YGW 15

GW16 80%Ar+20%CO2

Suitable for mild and 490MPa high strength steel, low current, thin plate and full position welding.

— YGW 16

GW18 CO2

Contain Mo and Ti (or Zr) deoxidation element, suitable for high current high heat input welding, better mechanical properties than YGW11.

ER 90S-G YGW 18

GW19 80%Ar+20%CO2

Contain Mo and Ti (or Zr) deoxidation element, suitable for high current high heat input welding, better mechanical properties than YGW15.

ER 90S-G YGW 19

Note : when using Ar+CO2 mixing gas, Si and Mn content of weld metal will be increased by Ar increasing.

MAG wire

MA

G

．MIG

wire

/rod

W

eldi

ng C

onsu

mab

les

Sel

ectio

n

A21 A22

Welding Notes

1. The following shielding gases are commonly applied on GMAW :CO2, Ar + CO2 & Ar + O2 , etc.

2. Shielding gas fl ow rate: 20 ~ 25 L/min.3. Proper shelter is necessary on windy area to prevent air (O2 & N2) trapping into arc and

melting pool.4. Ventilation is absolutely necessary when welding inside a limited or restricted partition.5. Keep welding wire in dry condition even there is an anti rust cooper coated fi lm on wire

surface.6. Shielding gas regulator, wire feeder, welding equipment, and other related accessories

shall be function checked carefully before welding to prevent abnormal defects occurred.7. Gas mixing rate will affect welding results (Weld metal properties such as tensile strength

and toughness may be changed from one mixing rate of shielding gas to another). The mixing rate shall be specifi ed for keeping a constant supply during welding.

8. Vertical and overhead positions are not recommended on main structural parts.9. The following diagram is showing how to select arc transfer mode within the suitable

corresponding welding current range.

Note: the welding current and voltage will affect the arc transfer mode.

10.The referenced welding parameters are as follows :

11.The difference between MIG and MAGMAG: A variation of GMAW, shielding gas can be CO2 , Ar +CO2 or Ar+O2MIG: A variation of GMAW, shielding gas is 100% inert gas such as Argon or helium or

Ar + He12.The polarity illustration:

DCEP ( DC+ ): Electrode positive or DC reverse polarity (DCRP).DCEN ( DC– ): Electrode negative or DC straight polarity (DCSP).

Wire size (mm) Welding Current (A) Welding Voltage (V)

0.6 40 – 80 12 – 18

0.8 60 – 160 15 – 23

0.9 60 – 200 19 – 27

1.0 80 – 230 19 – 29

1.2 120 – 350 20 – 34

1.4 240 – 380 26 – 38

1.6 260 – 450 28 – 40

MA

G

．MIG

wire

/rod

W

eldi

ng N

otes

MA

G

．MIG

wire

/rod

W

eldi

ng N

otes

Arc voltage

Short circuitarc area

Short circuit & globular transfer arc lap area

Globular transferarc area

Weld wire dia. (mm)

Plate thickness

Welding current

A23 A24

S-4 ⁄ GW16 AWS A5.18M ER48S-4 / A5.18 ER70S-4JIS Z 3312 YGW16

Typical chemical composition of wire (%)

C Si Mn P S Ti

0.07 0.80 1.54 0.025 0.013 Bal.


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


505 582 30 81


Diameter 1.2 1.4 1.6

Flat position 120~350 240~380 260~450

Horizontal fi llet position

120~350 240~380 260~450

Shielding Gas CO2


C Si Mn P S

0.06 0.81 1.49 0.021 0.023


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


473 567 27 84

S-G AWS A5.18M ER48S-G / A5.18 ER70S-GJIS Z 3312 YGW11



Flat position 60~200 80~230 120~350

Vertical position 60~100 80~180 120~150

Shielding Gas CO2

GW11 AWS A5.18M ER48S-G / A5.18 ER70S-GJIS Z 3312 YGW11

S-6 AWS A5.18M ER48S-6 / A5.18 ER70S-6JIS Z 3312 YGW12


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


527 594 28 135



Flat position 120~350 240-380 260~450


120~350 240-380 260~450

Shielding Gas CO2


C Si Mn P S

0.08 0.90 1.50 0.016 0.006


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


485 570 28 62


Diameter 0.8/0.9 1.0 1.2 1.6

Flat position 60~200 80~230 120~350 260~400

Vertical position 60~100 80~180 120~150 —

Shielding Gas CO2


C Si Mn P S Ti+Zr

0.07 0.89 1.60 0.020 0.025 0.2

Product Features:● Suitable for welding of mild and

490 N/mm2 grade high tensile strength steel.

● Ti element contained in wire for improving oxidation resistance, less spatter loss.

● High welding performance, suitable for high current welding.

● High welding speed, deep penetration and high welding effi ciency.

Applications:● Suitable for welding of mild and

490 N/mm2 high tensile strength steel structures on vehicles, machinery, bridges, pressure vessels and shipbuilding.



● Suitable for thin plate and all positions.

● High welding performance.● Available for low to moderate

current range, good arc stability, less spatter loss and good bead appearance.


490 N/mm2 grade high tensile strength steel structures on vehicles, general electrical, light steel, pipe, steel constructions, bridge and shipbuilding.


490 N/mm2 high tensile strength steel.

● Suitable for thin plate and all position welding.

● Higher Si and Mn elements contained in wire for improving oxidation resistance capability.





● Ti element contained in wire for improving oxidation resistance capability ,less spatter loss.

● High welding performance, suitable for high current welding.

● High welding speed, deep penetration and high welding effi ciency.



MA

G

．MIG

wire

/rod

MA

G

．MIG

wire

/rod

Pro

duct

s In

trod

uctio

n

Pro

duct

s In

trod

uctio

n


◎ Note: 1. Refer to page A21 welding note.2. Not recommend for vertical position (upward

and downward) on structure parts.




A25 A26

GW15 JIS Z 3312 YGW15


C Si Mn P S

0.07 0.86 1.51 0.015 0.018


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


465 570 28 62


C Si Mn P S

0.06 0.59 1.45 0.004 0.022


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


475 545 30.4 145

GW12 AWS A5.18M ER48S-6 / A5.18 ER70S-6JIS Z 3312 YGW12



Flat position 60~200 80~230 120~350

Vertical position 60~100 80~180 120~150

Shielding Gas mixed gas


Diameter 0.8/0.9 1.0 1.2 1.6

Flat position 60~200 80~230 120~350 260~400

Vertical position 60~100 80~180 120~150 —

Shielding Gas CO2

GW19 AWS A5.28M ER62S-G / A5.28 ER90S-GJIS Z 3312 G55A0UM19

GW18 AWS A5.28M ER62S-G / A5.28 ER90S-GJIS Z 3312 YGW18


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


703 775 22.4 87



Flat position 120~350 240~380 260~450


120~350 240~380 260~450

Shielding Gas mixed gas


C Si Mn Mo Ti

0.08 0.88 1.63 0.16 a little


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


647 704 22.4 157



Flat position 120~350 240-380 260~450


120~350 240-380 260~450

Shielding Gas CO2


C Si Mn Mo Ti

0.08 0.70 1.81 0.16 a little



● Suitable for thin plate and all positions welding.

● Higher Si and Mn elements contained in wire for improving oxidation resistance capability.


490 N/mm2 grade high tensile strength steel structures on vehicles, general electrical, light steel, pipe, steel structure, bridge and shipbuilding.



● Avai lable for wider welding current range.

● Good arc stability, low spatter loss and good bead appearance even in very low welding current.


490 N/mm2 grade high tensile strength steel structures on vehicles, general electrical, light steel, pipe, steel structure, bridge and shipbuilding.

Product Features:● Suitable for welding of 620 N/

mm2 grade high tensile strength steel.

● Good for high heat input welding.● Good mechanical properties.● Ti element contained for

improving oxidation resistance, less spatter loss.


mm2 grade high tensile strength steel structures on vehicles, light steel, pipe, steel structure, bridge and shipbuilding.

Product Features:● Suitable for welding of 620 N/

mm2 grade high tensile strength steel.

● Good for higher heat input welding.

● Good mechanical properties.● Ti element contained for

improving oxidation resistance, less spatter loss.


mm2 grade high tensile strength steel structures on vehicles, light steel, pipe, steel structure, bridge and shipbuilding.

MA

G

．MIG

wire

/rod

MA

G

．MIG

wire

/rod

Pro

duct

s In

trod

uctio

n

Pro

duct

s In

trod

uctio

n



◎ Note: 1. Typical all weld metal mechanical properties obtained from 80%Ar+20%CO2 shielding gas welding test.

2. Refer to page A21 welding note.3. Not recommend for vertical position(upward and

downward) on structure parts.


◎ Note: 1. Typical all weld metal mechanical properties obtained from 80%Ar+20%CO2 shielding gas welding test.

2. .Refer to page A21 welding note.

A27

The classifi cation level of GW18 & GW19

From reviewing the above testing data, it is obvious to see how the heat input and interpass temperature impact the welding result (weld metal mechanical properties). The above testing results also tells us to get an ideal weld metal strength is not only on selecting the right fi ller metal but also how to control the welding parameters (to follow a qualifi ed welding procedure shall be absolutely necessary).

Applicable Steel Grade

Wire TypeWelding Condition

Heat Input KJ/cm Interpass Temperature°C

Grade 400MPa YGW11, 15, 18, 1915~40 ≦350

15~30 ≦150

Grade 490MPaYGW11, 15 15~30 ≦250

YGW18, 19 15~40 ≦350

Grade 520MPa YGW18, 19 15~30 ≦250

Single Beveled Joint Testing (Sample from GW18)

Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%

Toughness (Charpy Impact Values)（0°C）J

Heat Input KJ / cm

Interpass Temperature

509 621 26.2 122 40 350°C

MA

G

．MIG

wire

/rod

Th

e cla

ssifi c

atio

n le

vel o

f GW

18 &

GW

19

Some users may feel strange and be interesting in products of GW18 and GW19 (JIS 3312 YGW18 & YGW19). Users may find the classification level is different between AWS and JIS of these two products. According to values of mechanical properties, these two products can be applied to higher strength than traditional high strength steels on AWS classification base.

These two classes of wires were developed in Japan based on the Hanshin and Earthquake experience. To improve the strength of box column or beam joints (building structure) can improve structure member earthquake resistance level. The mechanical properties are mainly affected by weld metal and the weld metal will be mainly affected by welding parameters such as heat input, preheat and interpass temperature etc. Most of steel structure welding usually applies high heat input such as increasing welding current and keeping high inter pass temperature (less waiting time for cooling) to improve efficiency; however, this method will induce coarsen grain structure in weld metal and cause detrimental mechanical properties (decreasing strength and toughness in weld metal). Heat input and inter pass temperature are absolute essential control parameters for getting good results to satisfy related code requirement.

After a long discussion and research among Japanese Architecture Society and construction companies, new welding wires (filler metals) were developed and new construction standard was issued in which the weld metal can stand not only high heat input and high inter pass temperature but also meets required mechanical properties. JIS made a revision to incorporate these welding materials consequently. GW18 and GW19 were produced in accordance with JIS revised classifications and are currently national standard welding filler metals. These wires are designed so that the weld metal can meet 490MPa strength requirement with high heat input and high interpass temperature (350˚C max.). These wires also can weld higher than traditional high strength grade steels from decreasing heat input and lowering interpass temperature in order to get higher strength weld metals.

TIG rod

A29 A30

GTAW is a full position welding process, which can produce and keep high stable arc and produces high quality and good appearance weld metal without spatter occurred. This low heat input welding process is widely applied on thin work piece or high quality required heavy work piece and pipe joint root pass.

Welding notes :1. Welding Electrode (Tungsten)

DC– is strongly recommended (Electrode negative can stand much higher welding current than positive).

2. Shielding GasArgon is a much commercialized type of gas. High purity Argon is recommended to prevent defects such as pits or blow holes.Proper fl ow rate : 12~18L/min ( indoor area); 15~20 L/min. with proper shelter to prevent air trapping into the arc and weld pool (outdoor area). Tefl on hose or steel pipe is preferred for long distance supply (easy to trap moisture by rubber or nylon hose ).

3. Tungsten typeRecommend 1~2% Thorium element Tungsten electrode on DC current. Tip end to be proper ground irregularly to keep good arc concentration ability. (Tip end is easy burned from arc heat.).

4. Tungsten electrode stick outNormal: 4-5mm with arc length 1-3mm Special: 5-6mm with arc length 2-3mm (deep groove pass)

5. Base metal cleaningSurface dirt, scale, grease and moisture to be completely removed before welding.

6. Wind ProtectionRecommend proper protection from wind for outdoor welding.

7. Polarity illustrationDCEP ( DC+ ): Electrode positive or DC reverse polarity (DCRP).DCEN ( DC– ): Electrode negative or DC straight polarity (DCSP).

GT52T AWS A5.18M ER48S-G A5.18 ER70S-G

Typical chemical composition of rod (wt%)

C Si Mn P S

0.07 0.86 1.51 0.015 0.018

Typical mechanical properties of all-weld metal

Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


493 567 27.0 147

Size(mm) and recommended shielding gas

Diameter 1.6 2.0 2.4 3.2

Length 1000 1000 1000 1000

Shielding Gas Ar


C Si Mn P S Ti

0.07 0.80 1.54 0.025 0.013 0.18


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


460 560 30.0 110

GT50 AWS A5.18M ER48S-6 / A5.18 ER70S-6JIS Z 3316 YGT50


Diameter 1.6 2.0 2.4 3.2

Length 1000 1000 1000 1000

Shielding Gas Ar

General Description and Welding Notes

Product Features:● GTAW (TIG) wire available for

welding of mild and 490 N/mm2 high tensile strength steel.

● Good low temperature impact toughness, suitable for welding of all positions pipe joint root pass and thin plates.

● Shielding gas: Argon (Ar), DC– polarity.

Applications:● Suitable for all kinds of mild and

high strength steel structures.

Product Features:● GTAW (TIG) wire available for

welding of mild and 490 N/mm2

high tensile strength steel. ● Good low temperature impact

toughness, suitable for welding of all positions pipe joint root pass and thin plates.

● Ti element contained for improving de-oxidation capability, getting fi ne grain and good mechanical properties of weld metal

Applications:● Suitable for all kinds of mild and

high strength steel structures.

TIG

rod

TIG

rod

Pro

duct

s In

trod

uctio

n

Gen

eral

Des

crip

tion

and

Wel

ding

Not

es

◎ Note: Refer to page A33 Carbon steel TIG Welding (General Description and Welding Notes).


A31


C Si Mn Mo Ti

0.08 0.88 1.63 0.16 0.2

GT60 AWS A5.28M ER55S-GA5.28 ER80S-G


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


517 610 26.0 95


Diameter 1.6 2.0 2.4 3.2

Length 1000 1000 1000 1000

Shielding Gas Ar

Product Features:● GTAW (TIG) wire for welding of


● Good low temperature impact toughness, suitable for welding of all positions pipe joint root pass and thin plates.

● Ti element contained for improving de-oxidation capability.

Applications:● Suitable for welding of high

tensile strength Mn-Mo & Mn-Mo-Ni Steel.

TIG

rod

P

rodu

cts

Intr

oduc

tion

SAW Wire / Flux


A33 A34

Welding notes

1. Joint DesignDifferent root gap, root face and beveled angle will affect SAW welding result extensively such as penetration problem or over heating to the weldment. correct joint design for SAW acts as a more important role than other welding processes.

The effects of different Joint Design to the dilution of fi ller metal and base metal

2. Flux scattered amount and re-use of unconsumed fl ux Heavy flux scattered will cause poor bead appearance. The proper amount of flux scattered on welding joint is that a very slight trace of arc light can be seen during welding. Unused and returned fl ux shall be mixed with new fl ux at least 50% for reusing.

3. Flux mesh selectionFlux mesh is another important factor to affect welding result. Incorrect selection will cause surface pits or other defects. Usually, the higher the welding current range is, the bigger the mesh shall be in correspondence with and the vise versus.

4. Welding ParametersWelding parameters listed in WPS (Welding Procedure Specification) such as wire size, welding current range, voltage range and welding speed range etc. shall be totally followed.

5. Flux storage and baking requirement before usingFlux shall be stored in dry and good ventilation area. For getting a good quality result, the fl ux shall be baked to 250 ~ 350°C x1 hr before using.

80% Base Metal

20% Filler Metal

50% Base Metal

50% Filler Metal

10% Base Metal

90% Filler Metal

Welding Consumables Selection

Product name Specifi cation Property description

GA78×GS8 F7A2-EL8

Agglomerated type fl ux combined with EL8 wire, suitable for single and multipass welding, single or dual wire, high welding current performance, good bead appearance and easy slag removal.

GA78×GS12K F7A2-EM12K

Agglomerated type fl ux combined with EM12K wire, suitable for single and multipass welding, single or dual wire, high welding current, good anti-crack performance and good for RT examination.

GA86×GS12K F7A4-EM12K

Agglomerated type fl ux, suitable for single and multipass welding, good mechanical properties especially on Charpy impact toughness, low blow hole occurred.

wire diameter

(mm)

Wire stick out

(mm)

Voltage (V)

Wireconsumption

rate

Current (A)

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200

2.4 25~30 18~25 kg/hr 3.6 6.4 9.8 13.9

2.8 25~30 20~28 kg/hr 7.5 10.8 15.1 19.9

3.2 25~30 23~30 kg/hr 6.5 9.4 12.8 16.7 20.8

4.0 25~30 25~32 kg/hr 8.3 11.2 14.5 17.7 21.5

4.8 25~30 28~36 kg/hr 10.1 12.8 15.5 18.5 21.4 24.9

5.6 25~30 30~38 kg/hr 12.6 14.9 17.5 20.6 23.4 26.4

SA

W W

ire /

Flu

x

SA

W W

ire /

Flu

x

Wel

ding

not

es

Wel

ding

Con

sum

able

s S

elec

tion

Recommended welding parameters : [GA78×GS8, GA78×GS12K, GA86×GS12K]

A35 A36

6. Wire stick outStandard wire stick out: 25~30 mm.The following sketch refers the relation between stick out and penetration depth. Increasing stick out can increase deposition rate but may cause incomplete fusion (lack of penetration).

7. Welding Current and Welding Voltage

See page A37, the recommended welding parameter table. The following 2 sketches are showing how the variation of welding current or welding voltage to change the weld profi le (Wire Size for testing: 4.0 mm).

8. Polarity illustrationDCEP ( DC+ ): Electrode positive or DC reverse polarity (DCRP).DCEN ( DC– ): Electrode negative or DC straight polarity (DCSP).

Wire Stick Out

Welding Voltage fi xedWelding Current (A)

Welding Current fi xedVoltage (V)

GA78×GS-12K AWS A5.17 F7A2-EM12KJIS Z 3183 S502-H

GA78×GS-8 AWS A5.17 F7A2-EL8JIS Z 3183 S502-H


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


432 485 32 41.5

Typical practice

Base material Thickness mm Welding process

A572 25Groove weld with backing single electrode multiple-

pass welding

Typical chemical composition of all-weld metal (wt%)

C Si Mn P S

0.04 0.19 1.14 0.024 0.011

Typical chemical composition of all-weld metal (wt%)

C Si Mn P S

0.05 0.58 1.71 0.023 0.015


Yield StrengthN/mm2


Elongation%


497 570 28 53.8

Typical practice

Base material Thickness mm Welding process

A572 25Groove weld with backing single electrode multiple-

pass welding

Product Features:● Submerged arc welding wires for

mild steel and 490 N/mm2 high tensile strength steel.

● Good porosity and crack resistance.

● Good bead appearance and easy slag removal.

Applications:● Suitable for single or multiple

pass(es) welding of mild and 50 Kg/mm2 high tensile Strength steel structures on shipbuilding, machinery, bridges and general structures.

Product Features:● Submerged arc welding wires for

mild and 490 N/mm2 high tensile strength steel.

● Good porosity resistance and crack resistance.

● High welding performance, easy

Preface - GOODWELD · 2012. 5. 17. · AWS JIS Severe abrasion resistant HARD 35 — — D18 GH800...

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Transcript of Preface - GOODWELD · 2012. 5. 17. · AWS JIS Severe abrasion resistant HARD 35 — — D18 GH800...