preeqdisempsem-abst

Title:Multidisciplinary study of pre-earthquake disorders with emphasis on the electromagnetic

radiation

Acronym:PreEQdisEmpsEM (Pre-Earthquake disorders with Emphasis on EM radiation)

Duration: 1/1/2011 -31/12/2014

Primary Field of study:

5 2 4

Secodary Field of study

8 11 4

Abstract (To be organized as: Background, aim, workpackages, expected results) (300 words

max)

Current: 285 words

Background:

Many aspects of earthquake generation still escape our full understanding. Observations of

electromagnetic (EM) emissions preceding significant earthquakes (EQs) provide premonitory

events possibly related to subsequent earthquakes. The premonitory EM anomalies occur from few

days to few hours prior to EQs, and, cover a wide spectrum, from ULF to VHF. All EM anomalies

exhibit peculiar behaviour during critical conditions of the lithospheric volume. All are confirmed

by laboratory experiments.

Recent studies also evince radon (222

Rn) activity concentration enhancements by forthcoming EQs.

The abnormal radon exhalation as a precursory phenomenon is an important field of investigation

mainly due to lack of data, especially regarding strong EQs. Several models have been proposed,

yet, these are restricted and, thus, need further development .

Aim:

A1. Continuous telemetric data collection of EM activities of various frequencies and of radon in

soil.

A2 . Development of physical and mathematical models for A1 and correlation with the procedures

earthquake genesis.

Work-packages:

WP1: Configuration of the detection system of EM-Radon disturbances under modern technology

WP2: Installation of new measuring stations in the regions of Ileia, Zakynthos and Lesvos

WP3: Analysis of EM emissions using techniques dedicated to critical situations. Contextual

analysis of radon data. Application to all stations (new-existing functioning network of mainland

Greece)

WP4: Statistical evaluation of the detected EM emissions and cross-correlation with the seismic

sequence in the study area. Internal assessment of the research project.

Expected results:

E1. Maintenance and expansion of existing telemetry system of EM emissions

E2. Development of pilot telemetric radon stations for continuous collection of radon in soil

E3. Extension of existing knowledge and development of new methodologies for A1.

E4. Interpretation of correlations of A1 to the procedures of genesis of EQs.

Project concept and objective(s) (Describe the state of the art, methodology, research plan, work

packages and research milestones.) (2000 words max)

Current: 1985 words

Enduring challenge for the scientific community is the prediction of natural phenomena and

especially those that are destructive. Herein, we focus on earthquakes (EQs). The success of

forecasting a phenomenon depends on the degree of understanding its background.

An earthquake is a destructive phenomenon, a major break in a complex heterogeneous

environment of the earth's crust. Notwithstanding the tremendous up-to-date effort at laboratory,

theoretical and numerical level, due to the huge technological interest of the subject, a good

understanding of the fracture of heterogeneous materials has not yet been achieved. Still less is the

understanding of the genesis of the earthquake.

The question that arises is as to what the next step is. An attempt to answer this question is one

concept of this proposal, as following.

An EQ is a sudden mechanical failure in the Earth’s crust, which has heterogeneous structures. It is

reasonable to expect that its preparatory process has various facets which may be observed before

the final catastrophe through seismic, geochemical, hydrological and EM changes (Uyeda et al.,

2009). Therefore, the science of EQ prediction should, from the start, is multi-disciplinary. Herein,

we focus on electromagnetic (EM) and radon precursors.

EM precursors from kHz up to MHz have been internationally reported before large EQs (Uyeda et

al., 2009 and references therein). When a material is strained, intense acoustic and EM emissions,

ranging from MHz to kHz, are produced by opening cracks when failure is approached. These

precursors are detectable both at laboratory and geological scale (Eftaxias et al., 2002; Hadjicontis

et al., 2007). Studies on the small (laboratory) scale reveal that the MHz EM radiation appears

earlier than the kHz one, while the kHz EM emission is launched from 97% up to 100% of the

corresponding failure strength. On the large (geological) scale, intense MHz and kHz EM emissions

precede EQs that: (i) occurred in land (or near coast-line), (ii) were strong (magnitude 6 or larger),

(iii) were shallow (Eftaxias et al., 2002, 2004, 2006, 2007; 2009; Kapiris et al., 2004a, b;

Karamanos et al., 2006). Their lead time is ranged from a few days to a few hours. Importantly, the

MHz radiation precedes the kHz one at geophysical scale, as well (Eftaxias et al., 2002; Kapiris et

al., 2004a; Contoyiannis et al., 2005). Notice that a complete sequence of MHz and kHz EM

anomalies have been observed one after the other in a series of significant EQs that occurred in

Greece (Eftaxias et al., 2000, 2002; Karamanos et al., 2006; Papadimitriou et al., 2008).

The precise, continuous and telemetric detection of such EM signals, emitted prior to the

occurrence of EQs, is one of the objectives of this proposal. However earthquakes, as

abovementioned, are handled in highly heterogeneous materials. Hence the preparation is expected

to evoke disorders at various scales (e.g. geochemical, hydrological, atmospheric etc.). Such

disorders are reported, worldwide, in terms of temporal activity concentration changes, for radon in

soil, ground-waters and atmosphere and have been proposed as earthquake precursors. Regarding

radon, it is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and emits alpha, beta particles and photons. It is

generated by the radioactive decay of the natural radioactive radium, which is detected in all types

of soil, rock, water and building materials. Radon detection is performed mainly through its a-decay

(222

Rn to 214

Po, 218

Po and 210

Pb). The reported measurements are conducted, mainly, through

passive (low-cost) techniques which do not need use of power and provide results within broad time

periods (>2 weeks, up to one year). Recently, some, few, researcher groups have reported radon

measurements through active (high-cost) techniques. The latter require use of power and provide

quick results (between 1 hour and the minimum detectable limit of 1min). The installation and

telemetric operation of state-of-the art radon stations that would enable the precise and continuous

detection of actively detected radon signals is another objective of this proposal. Moreover, for both

techniques, the number of the relevant published work has increased dramatically during the last

year. In addition studies have also been conducted to investigate the relationship between the high

exhalation of radon from soil and the application of mechanical stress in samples of rock or in an

artificial lake. In any case, the scientific data regarding radon detection and earthquake occurrence

are divergent, and, thus, specialised measurements are required especially near earthquake zones.

The collection of radon data in soil and ground-waters through modern state-of-the art active

techniques dedicated in target areas producing earthquakes in Greece is another objective of this

proposal.

From the aforementioned issues, it is clear that the study of the genesis of an earthquake, physically,

and, in principle, requires a multidisciplinary approach. Within the framework of economic data,

this proposal covers this multidisciplinary requirement.

However critical questions arise, guiding the research milestones:

1. How is an abnormality distinguished from the noise from which it is immersed?

Focus on MHz EM anomaly

By default, the emergence of an anomaly in a time series signal (TSS), indicates a difference of its

structural characteristics in comparison to those of the background. Quantities based on entropy can

evince differences in the organisation. Moreover, the information theory has introduced measures of

complexity, predictability and compressibility of a TSS. From its nature, the seismic event is the

result of the cooperation and organisation of the breakage units, namely, the micro-cracks.

Therefore, a precursory fracture induced MHz EM anomaly TSS is governed by low entropy, i.e.

high organisation, high predictability, high compressibility and low complexity. Instead, the

characteristics of background are very similar to those of noise, i.e., is characterized by low

organization, low predictability, low compression and high complexity. Thus, the use of entropic

quantities or information measures makes a distinction between an anomaly and the background

possible. The literature has highlighted this fact noting that there is no optimal amount for such a

distinction. Therefore, a thorough study necessitates the use of different quantities and the further

investigation of a possible convergence of the results. The achievement of this, in terms of science,

is an objective of this proposal.

A variety of techniques will be applied. Number of them is part of Symbolic Dynamics, where the

analysis is not directly in the recording but in the symbolic time series obtained after using an

appropriate partition. Such measures are the Shannon n-block entropy, the conditional entropy, the

entropy of the source, the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy and the T-entropy. Linear fractal spectral

analysis, R/S analysis and Detrended Fluctuation Analysis will be used also. This is expected to

improve the existing knowledge in distinguishing disorders from noise, even in cases where the

abnormality is immersed in intense noise and the duration is short. The team has already

experience in this field (Karamanos et al., 2006; Balasis et al., 2006; Kalimeri et al., 2008; Eftaxias

et al., 2009).

2. Does a registration of an anomaly, in terms described above, determines it as a pre-seismic

one?

The emergence of an anomaly from its background in terms described above, is far from ensuring

its seismic quality. Other phenomena, e.g. magnetic storms and solar activity induce EM

disturbances, in the measured frequency range, exhibiting characteristics of high organisation and

low complexity, as these phenomena are also critical. Therefore, the presence of high organisation

and low complexity is necessary but not sufficient conditions for the definition of an EM anomaly

as pre-seismic. Thus, we should exclude the connection of an emerged MHz EM anomaly having

high organization or low compressibility with other natural sources. The team has experience in this

process and recently proposed a procedure for the distinction of MHz EM disturbances that has

been a source of solar activity, from a seismic source (Koulouras et al., 2009). Under this proposal

we will seek to formulate new criteria for a safe distinction.

3. Is the arrival of an earthquake inevitable after the actually recording a pre-seismic EM

anomaly?

We clearly state in (Contoyiannis et al., 2005) that the detection of a MHz EM precursor, which

could be described in analogy with a thermal continuous second order transition and shows anti-

persistent behaviour, does not mean that the occurrence of EQ is unavoidable. The interplay

between the heterogeneities and the stress field is responsible for the existence of stationary anti-

persistent behaviour during the fracture of a highly heterogeneous system, namely, the appearance

of a nonlinear negative feedback in the fracture mechanism which ―kicks‖ the opening cracks away

from extremes. Thus, a candidate MHz EM precursor should show stationary anti-persistent

behaviour (see Sect. 4). The aforementioned behaviour justifies the following proposal: the fracture

in highly heterogeneous systems can be described via an analogy with thermal continuous phase

transition. Thus, a candidate MHz EM precursor should be described by means of a second order

phase transition in equilibrium (see Sect. 4).

Thus, the appearance reveals that the fracture of heterogeneous system in the focal area has been

obstructed along the backbone of asperities that sustain the system. The “siege” of strong asperities

begins. The EQ will occur if and when the local stress exceeds the fracture stress of asperities. We

argue that the abrupt emergence of kHz EM emissions indicates the fracture of asperities and thus

signalizes that the evolution of the process toward global failure is unavoidable (Contoyiannis et al.,

2005; Papadimitriou et al., 2008; Eftaxias, 2009). In our opinion, the appearance of a critical anti-

persistent MHz EM anomaly is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the EQ occurrence. We

have detected such MHz EM anomalies which, however, were not accompanied by a significant

EQ. It is an open question whether these critical and anti-persistent ―strange‖ anomalies were

seismogenic ones or not.

Under this proposal, we will try to match batches of EM signals emitted in separate stages of

genesis of the earthquake.

4. At which stage of preparation of an earthquake, emerge one after another precursory radon

signals as well as Seismic Electrical Signals (SES) and MHz-kHz EM disturbances?

The question is a challenge to this scientific area. This answer leads to induced responses of the

previous questions. Under this proposal we will focus on kHz EM emissions, for which a sufficient

small precursor time justifies the terminal connection to the critical stages of the earthquake

genesis. The up-to-date approach of the team has led us to the following sentence:

Within active faults, sequences of long and hard structures (asperities) are developed, which prevent

the sliding of the two sides of the fault and, thus, the occurrence of the earthquake.

Under the two-stage model, it has been proposed that the kHz EM emission indicates the rupture of

asperities, and, therefore, the precursor phenomenon; inevitable arrival of the earthquake.

The aforementioned issues have been supported in terms of self-similarity of fracture, universality

in the topology of the fracture surfaces, laboratory experiments and agreement with theoretical

models of earthquake genesis.

The further documentation and its verification by future seismic events are targets of this proposal.

The group has already approached the issue (Kapiris et al., 2002; Kapiris et al., 2004; Kapiris et al.,

2006; Contoyiannis et al., 2005; Papadimitriou et al., 2008; Eftaxias et al., 2008 ; Contoyiannis et

al., 2008; Contoyiannis et al., 2009).

5. Is the destructive nature of kHz EM radiation justified in the theory of complexity?

One of the new achievements of science emerged from the theory of complexity is the recognition

that the catastrophic events of whatever nature, whether they come from physics, chemistry,

biology, or the area of economic or sociological sciences, they can be described within the same

mathematical framework. There are common mathematical signatures that indicate the approach

and emergence. Since there are catastrophic events that can provide a large controlled trial number

of events, such as epilepsy, magnetic storms, etc. possible to look for fingerprints in the common

ruin signals will bee seek. Any detection will enhance the strong seismic anomaly data recorded.

The team has relevant publications (Kapiris et al., 2005; Eftaxias et al., 2006; Balasis et al., 2009).

Progress beyond the state of the art (Describe the new findings in the area, that are anticipated

after the successful completion of the study, not reported previously) (350 words max)

Current: 176 words

Fracture in disordered media is a complex problem which still lacks a definite physical and

theoretical treatment. Despite the large amount of experimental data and the considerable effort that

has been undertaken by the material scientists, many questions about the fracture remain.

Earthquakes are large scale fracture. It is reasonable to expect that its preparatory process has

various facets which may be observed before the final catastrophe through seismic, geochemical,

hydrological and EM changes.

Based on EM precursors on one hand and precursory radon emissions on the other hand we expect

that the new finding of this study will link better the aforementioned observations to earthquake

preparation process More precisely, the new findings is expected to (i) recognize more safety an

emerged anomaly as a pre-seismic one; (ii) establish sufficient and necessary criteria that permit

the characterization of an anomaly as precursory one; (iii) link each individual precursor with a

distinctive stage of earthquake preparation process; (iv) identify crucial precursory symptoms in a

candidate precursory observation that indicate that the occurrence of the earthquake is unavoidable.

Management structure and procedures (Summarize the managerial structure of each

workpackage (allocation of work per laboratory) and the procedures to achieve the deliverables)

(350 words max)

Current: 105 words

Procedures:

WP1: 1.Design and construction of the detection system

2.Operational control under actual field conditions in Station

3. Comments about noise

Duration:

9 months

Laboratories:

1.TEI of Athens (TEI-A),.TEI of Piraeus (TEI-P)

2.TEI-P, TEI-A

3.All

WP2: 1.Preliminary study and assessment of signal quality TSS (EM-radon) for the new stations.

2.Frequency shifts of WP2.1 if necessary.

3.Installation of 3 new stations

4.Repair of existing network

Duration:

9 months

Laboratories:

1.All

2.TEI-A

3.TEI-P, TEI-A

4.TEI-P, TEI-A

WP3: 1.Application and evaluation of the described techniques.

Duration:

2,5 years

Laboratories:

All

WP4: 1.Application and evaluation of the described techniques.

2.Internal evaluation of the project.

Duration:

2,5 years

Laboratories:

1.All

2.TEI-A

The following table summarises the allocation of work per laboratory.

UOA: University of Athens

TEI-P: Technological Educational Institution of Piraeus

TEI-A: Technological Educational Institution of Athens

WP.1 WP.2 WP.3 WP.4 Total

Researcher-Institution (M-M) (M-M) (M-M) (M-M) (M-M)

TEI-A

Nomicos 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.80

Chatzidiakos 0.40 0.40 0.00 0.50 1.30

Cavouras 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.40 0.80

Coulouras 1.50 2.00 0.00 0.00 3.50

Minadakis 0.00 0.00 3.00 2.50 5.50

Georgiades 0.00 0.00 1.43 2.14 3.57

Kontakos 1.50 1.50 0.50 0.00 3.50

Copanas 0.71 0.71 0.00 0.00 1.42

Antonopoulos 0.71 0.71 0.00 0.00 1.42

Sub Total (Man-Months) 5.02 5.52 5.53 5.74 21.81

Sub Total (%) 63.62 56.44 42.47 43.88 49.83

UOA-Physics Dept.

Eftaxias 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.80

Kalimeri 0.00 0.00 1.07 1.07 2.14

Athanassopoulou 0.00 0.00 1.07 1.07 2.14

Kontoyiannis 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 2.00


Sub Total (%) 2.53 2.04 25.65 25.54 16.18

TEI-P

Zisos 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17

Potirakis 0.00 0.10 0.15 0.00 0.25

Nikolopoulos 0.25 0.25 0.50 0.50 1.50

Petraki 1.50 3.00 3.00 3.00 10.50

Vogiannis 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25

Marousaki 0.00 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.71


Sub Total (%) 27.50 41.51 28.03 26.76 30.57

UOA-Medical School

Louizi 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25


Sub Total (%) 3.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57

UOM-Environmental Dept.

Matsoukas 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25


Sub Total (%) 3.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57

Geodynamical Institute

Stavrakas 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.50 1.00

Melis 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00


Sub Total (%) 0.00 0.00 3.84 3.82 2.28

Total (Man-Months) 7.89 9.78 13.02 13.08 43.77

Total (%) 18.03 22.34 29.75 29.88 100.00

Expected results (Summarize the deliverables anticipated following the successful completion of

the study) (150 words max)

Current: 135 words

The deliverables of this proposal are two stage; instrumental and scientific.

Instrumental deliverables:

1. Re-configuration and maintenance of the exiting telemetric detection system of EM

disturbances in Greece utilizing modern technologies

2. Installation of new modern telemetric measuring stations in three Greek, earthquake

generating, regions (Ileia, Zakynthos, Lesvos)

3. Installation of two new modern telemetric radon stations.

4. Two reports regarding the installation, functioning and stability of 1-3.

5. Two presentations in international conferences or journal papers

Scientific deliverables:

6. Analysis of EM and radon disorders using techniques dedicated to critical situations.

7. Statistical evaluation of the detected EM disorders and cross-correlation with the seismic

sequence in the study area in Greece.

8. Internal assessment of the research project.

9. Two reports regarding 7 and 8.

10. Two presentations in international conferences or journal papers.

Implementation possibilities (Highlight the utility(ies) of the deliverable(s) including

translational capabilities and the target groups that might have interest for these deliverables)

(150 words max)

Current: 149 words

The degree to which we can predict a phenomenon is measured by how well we understand this,

while it is difficult to prove associations between events separated in time, such as earthquakes and

precursors. Thus, a vital problem in material science and in geophysics is the identification of

precursors of macroscopic defects or earthquakes. The findings of this study will improve the

capability to recognize a pre-fracture anomaly and the knowledge of fracture process in

heterogeneous systems. One of the new achievements of science emerged from the theory of

complexity is the recognition that the catastrophic events of whatever nature. This study will

attempt to identify common mathematical signatures that indicate the approach and emergence of

catastrophic events, and thus their description in the frame of a common framework. Thus, it will be

interest for researchers which are dealing with the study of epilepsy, magnetic storms, financial

crises, etc.

Expected benefits in local and international level (Highlight possible benefits in Education and

Academia, development of research environment and infrastructure, spreading of the results in

the Society and putative financial interest in local or international level) (200 words max)

Current: 194 words

The present proposal is expected to contribute in a dual stage. First, it will help the advancement of

a telemetric system for detection and recording of seismological disturbance with emphasis on EM

disorders, and, second, the combination of analysis and design with modern methods in order to

draw scientific information. The latter will provide useful data on issues regarding the further

interpretation of the the physics of the geodynamic processes , that result in the recording of activity

prior to upcoming earthquakes and the formulation of objective criteria for identifying and

assessing earthquake precursory phenomena in areas such as those targeted in this proposal.

The proposal is consistent to the priorities of the European employment strategy for improving

knowledge and especially in the area of the physics of geodynamic processes that lead to activity

before the upcoming earthquake, offering new tools and monitoring methods. This, eventually,

improves the Quality of Life.

The proposal is expected to offer also tools to train students and researchers, and, thus, is expected

to develop new skills in human resources and to reduce regional disparities in employment by

giving the opportunity for cooperation between regions in Greece and abroad.

Timetable (Create a table to describe the timetable of each workpackage, highlighting the

overlapping periods between them as well as the interim and final reports of the project)

RESEARCH IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

Title Activities YEAR Start End

2011 2012 2013

WP.1

Configuration

of the

detection

system of EM-

Radon

disturbances

under modern

technology

Design and

construction of the

detection system

Χ Χ Χ 1-1-2011

30-9-2011

Operational control

under actual field

conditions in

Station

Χ 01-08-2011 30-09-2011

WP.2

Installation

of new

measuring

stations in

the regions of

Ileia,

Zakynthos and

Lesvos

Preliminary study

and assessment of

signal quality TSS

(EM-radon) for the

new stations.

Frequency

shifts of WP2.1 if

necessary.

Χ 01-07-2011 31-9-2011

Installation of 3

new stations

Repair of existing

network

Χ Χ 01-10-2011 31-12-2011

WP.3

Analysis of EM

disorders

using

techniques

dedicated to

critical

situations.

Contextual

analysis of

radon data.

Application to

all stations

(new-existing

functioning

network of

Application and

evaluation of the

described

techniques.

Existing Network

Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ 01-01-2011 31-6-2013

Application and

evaluation of the

described

techniques.

New stations

Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ 01-01-2012 31-6-2013

mainland

Greece)

WP. 4

Statistical

evaluation of

the detected

EM disorders

and cross-

correlation

with the

seismic

sequence in

the study

area. Internal

assessment of

the research

project.

.

Application and

evaluation of the

described

techniques.

Existing Network

Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ 01-01-2011 31-6-2013

Application and

evaluation of the

described

techniques.

New stations

Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ 01-01-2012 31-6-2013

Internal evaluation

of the project.

Χ 01-05-2013 31-6-2013

Budget justification (Create a table to show the total budget of the project. Following that, justify

the requested budget per workpackage)

Justification of budget per workpackage

According to the aforementioned table that summarises the allocation of work per laboratory, the

working power (in man-month) of each researcher is given. The following justify the work of each

participant researcher:

C.Nomicos: He will be the responsible of the project. He will coordinate the project and participate

in all research work packages and in all phases.

P. Hatzidiakos: He will offer substantial assistance to the problems of the design of data loggers and

the development and expansion of the telemetry network.

C. Koulouras: He will be used to upgrade the data-loggers, the telemetric network and the

installation of new stations.

C. Eftaxias: He will coordinate the project with the scientific responsible and will participate in all

research work packages and in all phases.

D.Cavouras: He will contributes significantly to the research program in signal processing from the

field stations and even on pattern recognition, which is his speciality.

H. Stavrakas: He will work in all field experiments measuring and analysing EM recordings.

A.Louizi: She will work on installing radon dosimeters. She will will work in the collection,

measurement (with passive techniques) and analysis of records.

C. Matsoukas: He will be responsible for the installation and coordinating of the operation of the

radon station in Mytilene.

D. Nikolopoulos: He will be responsible for the installation and coordination of the operation of

radon stations. He will coordinate the calibration of measuring radon with a passive techniques. He

will work in the collection, measurement (with passive techniques) and analysis of radon records .

he will also work in analysis of EM records.

I. Kontoyiannis: He will be used in the analysis of EM disturbances with entropy change

techniques in order to demonstrate the critical situation of precursory signals.

E. Vogiannis: He will help in the installation of radon stations. He will work in the collection,

measurement (with passive techniques) and analysis of radon records.

A. Zisos: He will help in the installation of station of electromagnetic disturbances. He will work

in the collection, measurement (with passive techniques) and analysis of radon records.

N Melis: He will deal with the telemetric network (design, installation. Operating support),

seismometers, seismic hazard and digital signal processing in seismology. He will work without pay

in accordance with his choice since he is already a seismologist earthquakes.

E. Petraki: Within her doctoral thesis she will work at all the work packages of this research

proposal.

S.Potirakis: He will analyse EM and radon disturbances. He will work without pay in accordance

with his choice since he is an assistant professor in TEI of Piraeus.

G. Minadakis: As part of his doctoral thesis, he will take the specific responsibility of programming

of records of EM signals, as well as the communication of new sensors to the central station and

follow them. He will be used throughout the course of the research program.

P. Georgiadis: He will help the special programming and processing of signals in critical situation

and communication of new sensors to the central station.

K. Kontakos: He will install and upgrade EM stations. He will help in the analysis of EM signals.

M. Kalimeri: She will analyse EM disturbances with entropy change techniques for demonstrating

the critical situation of premonitory signals.

L.Athanassopoulou: She will analyse EM disturbances with entropy change techniques for

demonstrating the critical situation of premonitory signals.

I. Kopanas: He will control the station of Zante island.

G.Antonopoulos: He will also control the station of Zante island.

A.Marousaki: She will help the records of radon signals with passive techniques.

Following a Table of the budget of the proposal is given.

RESEARCH IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

Title Activities Budget

WP.1 4500

Configuration

of the

detection

system of EM-

Radon

disturbances

under modern

technology

Design and construction of the

detection system

2500

Operational control under actual

field conditions in Station

2000

WP.2 9000

Installation

of new

measuring

stations in

the regions of

Ileia,

Zakynthos and

Lesvos

Preliminary study and assessment of

signal quality TSS (EM-radon) for

the new stations.

Frequency shifts of WP2.1 if

necessary.

3000

Installation of 3 new stations

Repair of existing network

6000

WP.3 18000

Analysis of EM

disorders

using

techniques

dedicated to

critical

situations.

Contextual

analysis of

radon data.

Application to

all stations

(new-existing

functioning

network of

mainland

Greece)

Application and evaluation of the

described techniques.

Existing Network

8000



New stations

10000

WP. 4 14500

Statistical

evaluation of

the detected

EM disorders

and cross-

correlation

with the

seismic

sequence in

the study

area. Internal

assessment of

the research

project.

.



Existing Network

6500



New stations

6500

Internal evaluation of the project.

1500

Please, provide the names, contact details and links to web pages of three researchers from

abroad that can act as referees of your proposal (200 words max)

REFEREES

Prof. Qinghua Huang

Department of Geophysics

School of Earth and Space Sciences

Peking University , Beijing

100871 , CHINA

e-mail : [email protected]

http://www.pku-jri.ucla.edu/people/files/Qing-Hua_HUANG_en.pdf

Dr. Friedemann Freund

NASA Ames Associate, NASA Ames Research Center

[email protected]

http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/news/releases/2002/02images/freund/freund.html

Toshiyasu NAGAO (Japan)

Professor, Institute of Oceanic Research and Development, Tokai University

Director, Earthquake Prediction Research Center

[email protected]

http://www.iord.u-tokai.ac.jp/staff/nagao-en.htm

Additional notes (Add a note only if you feel that an important area of your project was not

covered in the domains above) (350 words max)

References

Balasis et al., Ann. Geophys., 24, 3557-3567, 2006.

Balasis et al., European Physical Journal, 174, 219—225, 2009.

Contoyiannis et al., Physical Review E, 71, 061123-1 – 061123-14, 2005.

Contoyiannis et al., Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 15, 379–388, 2008.

Eftaxias et al., Proc. Japan Acad., 76(B), pp. 45-50, 2000).

Eftaxias, K., et al., Geophys. Res. Let., 28, 3321-3324, (2001).

Eftaxias et al., Proc. Japan Acad., 76(B), pp. 45-50, 2000).

Eftaxias et al., Geophys. Res. Let., 29, 10. 1029, 2002

Eftaxias et al., Fractals, 12, 243 – 273, 2004.

Eftaxias et al. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 6, 205-228, 2006.

Eftaxias et al., Tectonophysics, 431, 273-300, 2007

Eftaxias et al., Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 8 657-669, 2008.

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.pku-jri.ucla.edu/people/files/Qing-Hua_HUANG_en.pdf


http://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/news/releases/2002/02images/freund/freund.html


http://www.iord.u-tokai.ac.jp/staff/nagao-en.htm

http://www.epj.org/

Eftaxias et al., Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 9, 1953–1971, 2009

K. Eftaxias, Physica A ,389, 133-140, 2009.

Eftaxias et al., Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 10, 275–294, 2010.

Hadjicontis et al., Phys. Rev. B, 76, 024106/1–14, 2007

Kalimeri et al., Physica A 387, 1161-1172-, 2008.

Kapiris et al., Earth Planets Space, 54, 1237. 2002.

Kapiris et al., Physical Review Letters, 92(6), 065702. 2004.

Kapiris et al., Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 6, 205-228, 2006.

Karamanos et al., Physical Review E. 74, 016104-1/21, 2006.

Koulouras et al., Phys. Scripta, 79, 45901-45913,.2009

Papadimitriou et al., Physical Review E 77, 36101, 2008.

Uyeda et al., Tectonophysics, 470, 205–213, 2009.

Coordinator

Name: Nomicos Constantinos

Web page: http://ee.teiath.gr/index.php?load=staff&occ=01234

Telephone: 210-5385357

Fax: 210-5385304

Email:[email protected]

List of researchers and their web pages

MAIN RESEARCH GROUP

1.Dr.Nomicos Constantinos,http://ee.teiath.gr/index.php?load=staff&occ=01234

2.Dr. Xathidiakos Paraskeyas, http://ee.teiath.gr/index.php?load=staff&occ=01234

3. Dr.Koulouras Grigorios,http://ee.teiath.gr/index.php?load=staff&occ=01234

4.Dr.Eftaxias Konstantinos http://web.cc.uoa.gr/~ceftax/

5.Dr.Cavouras Dionisios, http://www.teiath.gr/stef/tio/en_staff_Cavouras_Dionisis.html

6.Dr.Stavrakas Ilias,http://ee.teiath.gr/index.php?load=staff&occ=01234

7.Dr.Louizi Skyllakou

Anna,http://mpl.med.uoa.gr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5&Itemid=6&lang=

en

8.Dr.Matsoukas Christos, http://[email protected]/

EXTERNAL COLLABORATORS

1.Dr.Nikolopoulos Dimitrios, http://ikaros.teipir.gr/phyche/Personnel.html

2.Dr. Contoyiannis Ioannis

3.Dr.Vogiannis Efstratios

4.Dr.Zisos Athanasios, http://ikaros.teipir.gr/phyche/Personnel.html

5.Dr.Melis Nikolaos,

6.Petraki Ermioni, MSc, http://ikaros.teipir.gr/phyche/Personnel.html

7.Minadakis Georgios, MSc,

https://estudy.teiath.gr/unistudent/stafflist.asp?level=2&mnuid=program;submnu2&prID=110

8.Georgiadis Pantelis,http://www.teiath.gr/stef/tio/medisp/cvs/gr_CV_Georgiadis_Pantelis.pdf

9.Kontakos Kiriakos,

https://estudy.teiath.gr/unistudent/stafflist.asp?level=2&mnuid=program;submnu2&prID=110

10.Kalimeri Maria

11.Athanassopoulou Lamprini

12.Kopanas Ioannis, http://www.diktyoseismos.gr/docs/institutional.doc

13.Antonopoulos Georgios

14.Marousaki Anna, http://ikaros.teipir.gr/phyche/Personnel.html

Outline the Institute and its research interests (150 words max), Including 5 (within the last 5 years)

publications with active links

The Department of Electronics, TEI Athens (DE), established under the founding N.1404/83

Technological Education Institutes (TEI), with a duration of 3.5 years of study, is one of 37 sections

of the Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Athens. DE is one of the most popular sections

of among the TEI of Athens and other TEI. Traditionally has had a good organization to study,

while admittedly, compared to other departments of TEI, has a fairly high level of teaching staff.

The Department's mission is to promote the development and dissemination of appropriate






http://ee.teiath.gr/index.php?load=staff&occ=01234

knowledge in the field of Science and Technology of Electronics, both in teaching and research, to

enable students to gain maximum scientific and professional training in the subject of

Electronics.The continuous and rapid development and expansion of the science of Electronic

Engineering, necessitate the revision and amendment of education, both in content and teaching

objectshing. From 1994 interventions are made, with average frequency of once every four years,

into the Teaching Programme so as to meet the modern demands of work in electronics technology

and Communications Systems.

Five Recent Publications

1.Eftaxias K., Balasis G., Contoyiannis Y., Papadimitriou C., Kalimeri M., Athanasopoulou L,

Nikolopoulos S., Kopanas J., Antonopoulos G., Nomicos C.

Unfolding the procedure of characterizing recorded ultra low frequency, kHZ and MHz

electromagnetic anomalies prior to the L’Aquila earthquake as pre-seismic ones - Part 2,Nat.

Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 10, 275–294, 2010

2.Georgiadis P., Cavouras D., Sidiropoulos K., Ninos K., Nomicos C., Remote monitoring of

electromagnetic signals and seismic events using smart mobile devices,Computers and Geosciences,

35, 1296–1303, 2009

3.Eftaxias K., Athanasopoulou L., Balasis G., Kalimeri M., Nikolopoulos S., Contoyiannis Y.,

Kopanas J., Antonopoulos G., Nomicos C. Unfolding the procedure of characterizing recorded ultra

low frequency, kHZ and MHz electromagnetic anomalies prior to the L’Aquila earthquake as pre-

seismic ones – Part 1, http://arxiv.org/abs/0908.0686, 2009

4.Eftaxias K., Contoyiannis Y., Balasis G., Karamanos K., Kopanas J., Antonopoulos G., Koulouras

G., Nomicos C. Evidence of fractional-Brownian-motion-type asperity model for earthquake

generation in candidate pre-seismic electromagnetic emissions . Natural Hazards and Earth System

Science 8,4 ,2008

5.Stavrakas I., Clarke M., Koulouras G., Stavrakakis G., Nomicos C. ―Study of directivity effect on

electromagnetic emissions in the HF band as earthquake precursors: Preliminary results on field

observations‖ Tectonophysics

431 , 263–271(2007)

http://arxiv.org/abs/0908.0686

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