Precipitation is a strong increasing, non-linear function of lower free tropospheric humidity...
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![Page 1: Precipitation is a strong increasing, non-linear function of lower free tropospheric humidity Diabatic heating profile result of integrated effects of.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070404/56649f335503460f94c5020e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A Maloney Group, Weak Temperature Gradient Balance
Perspective
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Precipitation is a strong increasing, non-linear function of lower free tropospheric humidity
Diabatic heating profile result of integrated effects
of cloud population and radiation
Diabatic heating structure
influences large-scale circulation
response
Large-scale circulation
response alters moisture field
MJO
????
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SLHF OLR in
ERAi
import
neutral/
export
export
EddyMixin
g
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What terms are dominant?
What is the phase relation of these terms?
Do the answers to these questions change dramatically
with location?
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westerly mean statewest-east moisture
gradient
easterly mean stateeast-west moisture
gradient
easterlies poleward of
~7.5°
pole-equator moisture gradient
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An Old Problem
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Where is the MJO?
The RMM index only gives us a rough estimate
At what phase is the MJO “directly over” the DYNAMO domain?
How about TOGA-COARE?
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A New Diagnostic
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0°
90°
180°
270°
each gridpoint has its own “phase”
gridpoint phase
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0°
90°
180°
270°
corresponds to RMM phase of maximum (+) MJO related anomaly in a variable
gridpoint phase
RMM phase
EX: for zonal wind this corresponds to maximum westerly winds
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0°
90°
180°
270°
corresponds to RMM phase of maximum (-) MJO related anomaly in a variable
gridpoint phase
RMM phase
EX: for zonal wind this corresponds to maximum easterly winds
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0°
90°
180°
270°
Tells you where you are in MJO lifecycle
gridpoint phase
RMM phase
45°prior to maximum (+) anomaly
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0°
90°
180°
270°
Tells you where you are in MJO lifecycle
gridpoint phase
RMM phase
45°after maximum (+) anomaly
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Identifies at what “RMM” phase <q> maximizes at each location
Objectively calculated from EOF structure
DYNAMO TOGA-COARE
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Does it work?
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Composites as a function of MJO lifecycle
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Point #1: Phasing Changes
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Peak of convection
<q> (850-500)
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October-April Column Integrated MSE Budget
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RMM > 1
Composite as function of MJO lifecycle at each location using new diagnostic
MSE Composite Analysis
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Point #2: Phasing Matters
Point #3: Mean State Matters
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
?
?
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Substantial cancelation in lat. average
Just after peak of convection
SLHF
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
Near complete cancelation, all times, everywhere
Radiation Dominant….. Missing Physics?
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Suppressed
Transition to Enhanced
Enhanced
Transition to Suppressed
Suppressed
Horizontal Advection
SLHF
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Point #4: In ERAi, horizontal advection drives tendency
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Point #5: Local vs. large-scale processes at work
Zonal advection and SLHF are very large locally and correspond with intraseasonal OLR maxima, but are very weak in lat. average.
- Helps determine locations of maximum intraseasonal variance
Meridional advection is small locally and does not correspond with intraseasonal OLR maxima, but is very large in lat. average.
- Conditions tropics on large scale
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Questions