Preceptor Education & Credentialing

Susan A. Boyer, RN, M.Ed.Director, VT Nurse Intern

Project

Objectives

Describe impact of preceptors

Explore preceptor development

Identify potential collaboration

Role of Preceptors

Orientation of new nursesNurture and teach new graduatesProvide support for nursing studentsCross training staff from other unitsProvide performance feedbackPROTECT SAFETY

Precepting skills

Used in patient/family relationsTeaching and mentoring colleaguesTeaching role with clients/communitySupport the function of the unit

Team work/collaborationConflict resolutionCommunicationRole model, etc

High Quality Preceptors Need:

Educational preparationOngoing Support Time to preceptEvaluation and feedbackRole definition (expansion?)

Educational prep

Just in time, just enough?or

Research and theory based educational preparation - ongoing development

Ongoing support

Program structureClearly defined and accessible resourcesSupport group meetingsContinuing education – rolePlanning for improvement – self and program

Time

Time to preceptTime to planMeeting place Time to give feedback

Evaluation and feedback

Planned into programContinuous performance appraisal Planning for improvement Professional development

Role definition

Clearly defined role and responsibilitiesCommunication between partiesManager understanding of role and expectationsImproved connections with facultyConsider role expansion

What does a preceptor need to know?

Cognitive?Psychomotor skills?Affective objectives?Other?

Development of Preceptors

Two fold purpose:Existing RNs will improve skills in teaching, leadership, communication, and evaluation – thus increasing their effectiveness in working with novicesChange the culture of the workplace!

Research and Theory based education

Self studyWorkshopClinical Application

With support and resourcesEvaluation and feedback

Pre-assignment

Self-learning module ArticlesSelf-explorationStory tellingWeb assignment for learning style and personality inventoriesPractice with critical thinking and reflective practice

Articles assigned for pre-reading

Nurses, are we still eating our young? Professional development through Preceptorship. Interpretive Analysis of Precepting an Unsafe Student. Critical Thinking Skills for at-the-bedside success. Improving Your Ability to Think Critically

Alfaro-LeFevre, R. (2002) Nursing Spectrum - Career Fitness Online http://nsweb.nursingspectrum.com/ce/ce168.htm

Introduction to PreceptingRole & ResponsibilitiesNovice to ExpertLearning styles and adult learning theoryDelegation/Liability Team Building and Group DynamicsPreceptor ToolkitNew Graduates and competency assessmentPersonality StylesCommunicationConflict Management Fostering Critical Thinking in the Novice

Requested topics include:(these are requested in addition to basic workshop!)

Change TheoryCase ScenariosConflict ResolutionCommunications Legal issuesPt. TeachingDealing with the difficult preceptee

Practice with documentation toolsSpecialty area orientation check listsWriting critical & positive evaluation comments More on Benner’s model in precepting

Clinical Application

Develops skills and networkingFeedback basedProfessional developmentPreceptor support groups Preceptor Expertise Evaluation

Statewide Credentialing

Recognition and rewardPay differential ?Standardization of expectationsPerformance appraisalProfessional developmentDemographic data collectionWork with externs ?

Recognized by:Vermont State Nurses AssociationVermont Organization of Nurse LeadersVermont Inservice and Continuing EducationVNA Health Systems of Vermont Long Term Care Community CoalitionVermont Assoc of Hospitals and Health SystemsBlueCross BlueShield of VermontVermont Department of Health, Board of Medical Practice, Division of Health Care Administration, Program for Quality in Health Care, Inc., Area Health Education Centers

Recognition and reward

Pay differentialClinical laddersPaid time for WSLessened workloadColleague supportNetworkingTuition Luncheon &/or coupon for meal

Educational bonusesPreceptor Support Clinical Educator Networking/list serve‘For credit’ course

Certificate or credentialing Nat’l Certification

Program strengths

Collaboration between nurse leaders from education, practice settings, and regulationAdvanced preceptor developmentDeveloping programs for statewide use, rather than facility specificStandardization

Advanced Preceptor Prep

Educational preparationOngoing Support Time to preceptEvaluation and feedbackRole definition (expansion?)Recognition and reward

Collaboration

Builds strengthAdds attendanceSpreads the workloadStandardization of approach

The Effective Preceptor

Educational Monograph Serieshttp://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/fd/monographs/monographs.htm

Southern NH AHECPreceptor developmentThe Effective Preceptor – CME program

VT Nurse Intern Program

web page at: http://www.vahhs.org/vnip.htm

 "Teachers do not empower adult

learners; they encourage the use of the power that learners were born with."

  Vella, J.

References Addendum:

Craven & Broyles. (1996) Professional Development Through Preceptorship. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, Vol. 12, No. 6, pp. 294-299

(2001) Critical Thinking Skills for at-the-bedside success (editorial). Nursing Management, January 2001, pp 37 – 39

Freiburger, O. (2001). A Tribute to Clinical Preceptors. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, Vol. 17, No. 6, 320-327

Godinez, G., Schweiger, J., Gruver, J., Ryan, P. (1999) Role Transition from Graduate to Staff Nurse: A Qualitative. Analysis Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, Vol. 15, No. 3, 97-110

LaDuke, S. (2001). The Role of Staff Development in Assuring Competence. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, Vol. 17, No. 5, 221-135

Mee, C. (1999) Nurses, are we still eating our young? Nursing99, 29(11), 48-50.

Ohrlin, K, Hallberg, I. (2000) Student nurses’ Lived Experience of Preceptorship. International Journal of Nursing Studies 37 (2000) 13-23

References Addendum:

Rittman and Osburn. (1995) Interpretive Analysis of Precepting an Unsafe Student. Journal of Nursing Education, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp. 217-221 Stone, C., Rowles, C. (2002) What Rewards do Clinical Preceptors in Nursing Think are Important? Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, Vol. 18, No. 3, 162-166Yonge, O., Krahn, H., Trojan, L., Reid, D., Haase, M. (2002) Supporting Preceptors. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, Vol. 18, No. 2, 73-79Yonge, O., Krahn, H., Trojan, L., Reid, D., Haase, M. (2002) Being a Preceptor is Stressful! Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, Vol. 18, No. 1, 22-27lfaro-LeFevre, R. (2002) Improving Your Ability to Think Critically. , RN, MSN Nursing Spectrum - Career Fitness Online http://nsweb.nursingspectrum.com/ce/ce168.htmBenner, P., Wrubel, J. (1982) Skilled Clinical Knowledge: The Value of Perceptual Awareness The Journal of Nursing Administration, May 1982, Vol 12, No. 5, 11-14