No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by anymeans without the express written consent of II Morrow Inc.

II Morrow is a trademark of II Morrow Inc.Apollo is a registered trademark of II Morrow Inc.Precedus is a trademark of II Morrow Inc.

1997 by II Morrow Inc. All rights reserved.

Printed in the U.S.A.

II Morrow Inc.Consumer Products Division2345 Turner Road S.E.Salem, OR 97302

U.S.A. Toll Free 800-525-6726Canada Toll Free 800-654-3415FAX (503) 364-2138International (503) 391-3411

Welcome ...Welcome to a new era of navigation. Once again, II MorrowInc. has set new standards in features and ease of use for thegeneral aviation public. ThePrecedus is unequaled inproviding the features, level of performace, and reliabilitythat aviation users require. ThePrecedus does indeed set aprecedent that will be the standard that all other navigationinstruments will be compared to. You can be confident inknowing that you are the owner of the state-of-the-art inhandheld navigation. Our products are built to last and toallow for upgrading as your needs change in the future.

Thank you again for choosing II Morrow to supply solutionsto your navigation needs.

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About This ManualPlease take a few moments to review the various sections ofthis manual. Even if you are an experienced user of GPSnavigation, be sure to read the Introduction to Precedus andGetting Started the First Time. These two sections providethe rules for successful use of thePrecedus. The rest of themanual contains important information that you can refer toas you need more detail on specific procedures or features.

Introductionto GPS

Navigation

A brief introduction into the fundamentals of GPSnavigation. (Page 1)

OperationBasics

Learn the rules for using yourPrecedus. (Page 3)

GettingStarted theFirst Time

Set your “Seed Position,” learn about your GPS Status, and howto set a Destination Waypoint. (Page 11)

NavigationBasics

Learn the basics of navigating with thePrecedus. (Page 19)

FunctionReference

A detailed encyclopedia of the functions available in thePrecedus. The functions are described in the order that theyappear in the Main Menu. (Page 39)

WaypointDatabase

A description of the components of your database. Examplesof the information available are shown. Using the waypointsin the database are described in the other parts of the manual.(Page 66)

Tutorial A step-by-step tutorial for using many of the features allows you to“fly” with the Precedus in the Simulator mode so you can becomefamiliar with its use in the comfort of your home or office.(Page 69)

Trouble-shooting

Help! What to do when nothing works right. Take a look atthis section before giving up. If your problem isn’t solved byusing this section, give our Customer Assistance people acall. We won’t let you down. (Page 84)

Glossary ofNavigation

Terms

An explanation of terms used in this manual. (Page 87)

Display andBatteryCare

How to take care of yourPrecedus. (Page 91 & 92)

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Table of ContentsIntroduction to GPS Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

GPS Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1GPS System Accuracy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Operation Basics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Menu/Pwr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Enter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Arrow keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3New Waypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Info. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3GOTO and Nearest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Display Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Helpful Instructions on the Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Backlight & Contrast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Display Screens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Startup Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Main Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Navigation Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Getting Started the First Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Power Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Seed Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Entering a Seed Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Checking GPS Signal Strength. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Checking Each Satellite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Entering a Destination Waypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16External Antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Navigation Basics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19About the Navigation Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19About the Navigation Function Screens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19GPS Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Custom Navigation Screens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Navigation Information Choices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Moving Map Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Panning the Moving Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23GOTO a Waypoint in Pan Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Creating a Waypoint in Pan Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Zooming In or Out. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Auto Zoom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26HSI Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26The Route Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Searching for Nearest Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Creating User Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Getting Waypoint Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Destination Waypoint Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

iii

Information About Other Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Information About Nearest Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Scanning Waypoints for Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Navigating Multiple Flight Plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Creating a Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Changing a Route Waypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Adding a Route Waypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Deleting Route Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Starting a Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Fixed Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Stopping or Holding a Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Resuming a Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Route “Direct To” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Creating an Approach Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Function Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39The Main Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Changing Menu Option Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Return to Nav. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Pilot Checklist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Creating a New Checklist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Edit an Existing Checklist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Pilot Checklist Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Map Setups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Misc Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Aviation Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Airspaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46ATC Ring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47User Wpts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Road Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48City Wpts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Display Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54User Waypoint Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Track History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Screen/Light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Time and Place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58System Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58General Info. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Databases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61System Info. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62E6B Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Density Altitude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62True Air Speed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Wind Direction/Speed and Headwind Speed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Fuel Flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Default Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Waypoint Database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Database Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

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Available Waypoint Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66ARPT Waypoint Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Starting the Simulator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Preparing for the Trip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Originating the Trip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Assigning a Direct Waypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Navigating the Trip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Looking Around. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Getting Waypoint Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Checking Alert Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Approaching the Destination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Setting Up a Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Starting a Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Navigating a Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Route “Direct To” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Track History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Navigating to a Nearest Waypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Contacting the Factory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Glossary of Navigation Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Display Care and Cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Battery Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Charging the Battery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Battery Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Desktop Charger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

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History of RevisionsJuly 1995 Original ReleaseAugust 1995 Revision 01April 1996 Revision 02 (Version 5.0software)February 1997 Revision 04 (Version 5/6.1software)

Ordering InformationTo receive additional copies of this Precedus GPS User’s Guide, orderpart #560-0110-04. The Precedus Quick Reference Guide is part#560-0115-01.

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Important NoticeThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is operated by the United States Department of Defense which is solelyresponsible for the accuracy, daily operation, and maintenance of the satellite constellation. System accuracy isaffected by the Department of Defense’s Selective Availability (SA) and the Dilution of Precision (DOP)attributed to poor satellite geometry.This product is not intended for use as a sole source of navigation information. Exclusive reliance on this devicein any navigation application is discouraged.FCC NoticeThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in aresidential installation. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not causeharmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that maycause undesired operation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if notinstalled and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment doescause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment offand on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by II Morrow Inc. could void the user’sauthority to operate this equipment.DOC NoticeThis digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as setout in the radio interference regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.Le présent appareil numerque n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aut appareilsnumérique de classe B prescrites dans le réglement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère descommunications du canada.Aviation ApplicationsThe Precedus handheld GPS receiver is intended for use as a navigation aid. In aviation applications, thereceiver should be used to complement certified navigation instruments already installed in the aircraft. Thisdevice is not intended for use as a primary or sole source of navigation information in aviation applications.Never fly the aircraft without other available means of navigation. For maximum safety and to minimizedistraction in the cockpit, place the receiver in an easily visible location, within convenient view of otheravionics.This device emits a small amount of electromagnetic energy. Do not place the receiver closer than 250 mm(approx. 10") to the wet compass in the cockpit.Due to implementation of Selective Availability by the United States Department of Defense (DoD), all GPSreceivers may suffer degradation of position accuracy. The DoD has stated that 95% of the time accuracy willnot be degraded more than 100 m and 99.9% of the time accuracy will not be degraded more than 300 m.The following guidance has been issued by the FAA, Seattle Aircraft Certification Office and Seattle AircraftEvaluation Group on December 12, 1994. It is relevant to the use of portable GPS navigation systems inaircraft:The information contained in FAA Flight Standards Notice No. 8310.171, dated October 19, 1992, is stillapplicable. The use of portable GPS receivers in aircraft falls under FAR 91.21 for Portable Electronic Devicesfor operations conducted under FAR part 91 Operating Rules Only. It is the responsibility of the aircraftoperator to ensure that the device does not interfere with other systems in the aircraft. The GPS system mustnot be used for primary navigation and can only be used for comparison purposes during flight(s).

Introduction to GPS NavigationGPS

OverviewThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is a constellation of24 satellites in six orbit lanes 10,898 nautical miles abovethe earth at an inclination angle of about 55 degrees from theequator. Each satellite orbits the earth twice in 24 hours.

The GPS was developed and the satellites launched by theU.S. Department of Defense with the original intent ofsupplying highly accurate position fix information formilitary applications. In recent years, commercialapplications for the information provided by this systemhave steadily increased in the civilian sector. Some of themore popular civilian uses of the system include surveyingand position fix data recording for civil engineeringapplications, and a broad range of marine, aviation, andterrestrial navigation applications.

While orbiting the earth, each GPS satellite transmitscomplex streams of data containing the operational statusand orbital location of all the satellites in the system. ThePrecedus™ receives this data stream and processes theinformation to determine which satellites are “visible” to thereceiver’s antenna. With this determination made, thereceiver chooses satellites to calculate a position fix. Usinginformation transmitted from three or more satellites, the

1

Introduction to GPS Navigation

unit can calculate latitude and longitude (usually abbreviatedLat/Lon); with four or more satellites, GPS altitude can alsobe calculated.

GPSSystem

Accuracy

The GPS allows a high degree of position fix accuracy. Thesystem can produce a position fix accurate to within lessthan one meter. Due to concern for national security, theU.S. Department of Defense introduces constant errors to thetransmitted satellite data to degrade the accuracy of thesystem. Called Selective Availability, this practice limitsGPS position fix accuracy to about 100 meters, although therelative position of the satellites to one another, theirelevation above the horizon, and other factors can also affectaccuracy of the position fix. Under optimal conditions,accuracy can improve to within 10 meters. GPS position fixaccuracy is not affected by atmospheric conditions.

GPS altitude is based on a mathematical model of the sphereof the earth. Including intentional degradation, GPS altitudemay differ from barometric altitude by several hundred feet.

Summary Unlike navigation aids providing a position fix with datafrom land-based sources, thePrecedus™ can provide anaccurate position fix over land or sea anywhere in the world.The unit includes an extensive database of useful waypointinformation and allows you to create up to 1,000“customized” waypoints of your own. With the power of thisnavigation device in the cockpit, you can easily navigatewith unsurpassed accuracy.

2

Introduction to GPS Navigation

Operation BasicsThis section introduces you to thePrecedus and describes itscontrols and operating functions.

ControlsMenu/Pwr This button turns the unit ON and OFF, and also allows you

to select features from the Main Menu. Turn the unit ON bypressing the button once. Turn the power OFF bypressing the button and holding it down for twoseconds. Press while viewing the Main Menu to adjustthe display backlight.

Enter Press the button to accept the selected or highlightedinformation.

Arrow keys The arrow buttons allow you to move the “cursor” tohighlight information that you want to select.

NewWaypoint

Use the New Waypoint function to create your ownwaypointsand store them in thePrecedus‘s memory. Youcan create and name up to 1,000 of your own waypoints. AWaypoint is a place you navigate from and to. AWaypointcan be based upon your present position, or you can enterlatitude and longitude coordinates (abbreviated as Lat/Lon)to define the waypoint location.

Info Use this function to get information about any waypoint inthePrecedus’s built-in database, including those you havecreated.

Available information includes:• Waypoint identifier and type (Airport, VOR, NDB,

Intersection, or User)• Bearing and distance to the waypoint from your current

position• Lat/Lon coordinates of the waypoint• For airports, the elevation, fuel availability and type,

radio communication frequencies, runway details, andmore

• Sunrise/Sunset calculator

3

Operation Basics

GOTO andNearest

The GOTO and Nearest functions operate together. Press thisbutton once for the GOTO function or twice for the NearestWaypoint function. Use the GOTO function to assign adestination waypoint from the Precedus‘s built-in database orone that you personally create. The Nearest function, alwaysavailable when you use the GOTO function, provides a list of30 waypoints of each type nearest to your present position.These two functions allow you to quickly and easily create aflight plan, or change it while navigating.

4

Operation Basics

DisplayInformation

The display shows information for each operating function.Information typically includes navigation progress, waypointinformation, satellite tracking status, menu options andselections.

HelpfulInstructions

on the

Display

The Precedus shows you what to do for most functions.Helpful instructions will appear in a “pop-up” box on thedisplay and advises you on which button to press for options.

Backlight &Contrast

Display contrast and the display backlight are adjustable tobest suit viewing conditions. See “Screen/Light” in theFunction Reference Section for details on adjusting thescreen. Choose the Screen/Light selection from the MainMenu. Press the or buttons to choose OFF, LO,MED, or HI intensity for the backlight. Press orto reach the Contrast setting. Press the or buttonsto choose the desired contrast level. Press to save yourchoices and exit this function. You can also quickly changethe backlight or display contrast from the Main Menu display.Press again to adjust the backlight. Press the

buttons to adjust the display contrast.

5

Operation Basics

Navigation DisplaySampleNavigationInformation

Moving Map orother Information

GPS Status

Backlight is ON

Battery is chargingwhen star is shown

Power InformationBattery level if battery is shownExternal power if lightningbolt is shown

TO/FROM FlagChanges from TO to FRwhen destination waypointis passed

DisplayScreens

Information you view on the display while using thePrecedus shows one page or “screen” at a time. Many of theoperating functions can show more than one screen ofinformation. When more than one screen of information isavailable, either the vertical arrow symbol or an instructionline shows on the display to inform you that moreinformation awaits your view. Follow the instruction, or ifthe vertical arrow symbol shows on the display, pressor to view this additional information.

Information screens available while using each operatingfunction are introduced here. The Function Reference sectioncontains additional details about each operating function.

StartupScreen

The startup screen shows on the displayfor several seconds after you switch onthe Precedus. While this screen shows onthe display, the unit performs internaldiagnostics, begins tracking availableGPS satellites, and activates thenavigation function. The database typeand expiration date is also shown duringstartup. Press , or wait a fewseconds, and this screen will be replacedby navigation information.

This process takes only a few seconds,providing that a seed position andcurrent time have been entered.

6

Operation Basics

7

Operation Basics

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MainMenu

The Main Menu function contains options that control manyways thePrecedus operates and lets you customize thenavigation function to suit your preference.

Press the button to display themain menu. Highlight the selection fromthe list by pressing the orbuttons. Press to go to the selectedfunction.

The main menu contains these options:• Return to Nav -

Returns the unit from the menu to the navigation function.• Pilot Chklist -

Provides storage and viewing of up to four preflightchecklists

• Map Setups -Contains control settings for information shown onmoving map screens (navigation function) includesairspace type, distance buffer, and time buffer.

• Alerts -Controls alert messages for airspace entry, waypointarrival, course deviation indication and alert message,and creates a parallel course that is offset by a selecteddistance from your chosen course.

• Display Units -Contains control settings for navigation units ofmeasure, control settings for magnetic variation incourse headings, and map datum.

• Timers -Controls built-in timers for countdown and flight time.

• User Wpt Mgmt -Controls editing or deletion of waypoints you haveentered in thePrecedus‘s memory.

• Track History -Controls navigation “track point” storage in memory andwhether points show on moving map navigation screens(in the Navigation function).

8

Operation Basics

• Screen/Light -Control settings for display backlight and contrast, statuslight programming, and power light programming.

• Time and Place -Contains seed position and current time settingsincluding UTC differential.

• System Setup -Controls operation mode, power saver option, either ofthe two serial ports for interface with external devices,and the number of NAV pages shown.

• General Info -Enables showing of unit serial number, current hardwareand software versions, and available databases.

• E6B Functions -Perform calculations of important information related totemperature, wind, and barometric pressure.

Using the menu function does not interrupt navigation. TheReference section describes how to use each main menuoption.

NavigationFunction

ThePrecedus has several screens available while you use thenavigation function. Each screen contains usefulinformation. You may also customize your screens. You can“scroll” or page through the other available screens bypressing the or buttons.

This function starts automatically when the unit is switched onand stays active. You will use this function most often whileflying. The navigation function provides information about:

• Your current position and navigation progress to adestination

• GPS satellite signals• Routes, or trips with multiple legs• Events or conditions important to trip navigation

9

Operation Basics

10

Operation Basics

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Getting Started the First TimeThis section explains how to get started using thePrecedus.Information in this section explains how to startup the unit,check signals from the GPS satellites, enter a seed position,assign a destination waypoint, and detach your antenna.

This section shows you how to start thePrecedus and checkfor proper operation. It is necessary to enter a seed positionand the current time the first time you turn the unit on.• Charge the battery before using thePrecedus• Power on• Enter a seed position (your dealer may have already

completed this step for you)• Enter the current time• Check satellite signal strength• Enter a “GOTO” waypoint• Begin navigating

Power Up To switch the unit on, press . Thestartup screen and database informationshows on the display for several secondsand then will go into the Navigationfunction.

SeedPosition

The first time thePrecedus is switched on, it must locatesatellites in the sky to acquire signals before determining aposition fix in a complex process involving lengthymathematical operations. Without a seed position and thecurrent time and date, this process can take 10 minutes ormore to complete. Enter a Seed Position to allow the receiverto quickly locate and track available satellites.

NoteThe seed position and current time only needs to beentered the first time the receiver is switched on.This information is stored in memory and need notbe entered again. If you move about three hundredmiles without the Precedus turned on and trackingits position, reenter the seed position.

11

First Time Use

Entering a Seed Position1. Press to reach the main menu.

Press the or button tohighlight the “Time & Place” function.Press to go to the “Time andPlace” function.

2. Set the latitude and longitude coordinatesnear to your current position.Use the buttons to changevalues. The buttons movethe highlight on the screen to select thenext value to change.

3. Set the current date. Use thebuttons to change values. Thebuttons move the highlight on the screento select the next value to change.

12

First Time Use

4. Set local time. (Or enter UTC time andskip step 5 below.) Use the arrowbuttons to select and set local time(LOC). Press to save theinformation.

You may also enter current UTC timeand skip entry of UTC differential instep 5. It is not necessary to enterseconds - they cannot be set.

5. Set the difference between local timeand UTC time. Press to save theinformation.

Use the illustration on the next page todetermine the UTC differential for yourarea. Enter this value as the differencebetween local and UTC time (UTCDIFF).

As an example, the UTC DIFF value in Seattle, Washingtonwould be +08:00 (or +07:00 during daylight savings time).

13

First Time Use

1 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0Add Hours Subtract Hours

Subract 1 hour during summer for Daylight Savings Time(where DST applies)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 11 12+ -

6. Press once again. The values youset are now entered into memory and themain menu will be displayed.

CheckingGPS Signal

Strength

The unit shows the GPS signal strengthscreen in the Navigation function.

While thePrecedus acquires signal information fromsatellites, the bars representing signal strength show grey incolor. This process takes place quickly. When the unit hasacquired a signal and begins tracking a satellite, the bar willchange to black.

The GPS signal strength screen is located in the Navigationfunction. Make it a habit to check this screen to make surethat the unit is properly tracking visible satellites before youfly.

In this example, the GPS Status screenshows that eight satellites are available,seven satellites are being tracked, andfive signals (dark boxes) are acquiredand usable for navigation. ThePrecedusrequires signals from at least foursatellites to calculate a 3D position fix(Lat/Lon and GPS altitude).

14

First Time Use

CheckingEach

Satellite

Press the buttons to view information about thevisible satellites.

Important!The GPS antenna must be able to “see” eachsatellite it is tracking. If a satellite is “shaded”by the wing or fuselage during a turn, it maytemporarily lose track of that satellite. If thishappens, or if the geometry of the satellitesavailable is poor, the unit may temporarilycalculate a “2D Fix” and altitude informationwill not be available.

15

First Time Use

Entering aDestinationWaypoint

With a seed position and the current time and date set, thePrecedus is ready to begin navigating a trip. Prepare for tripnavigation by entering a destination waypoint.

1. Press the button.

The GOTO Nearest Waypoint functionscreen is displayed with the distance andbearing from your present position tothe indicated waypoint.

2. Select a destination waypoint. Use thebuttons to change the

highlighted character in the waypointidentifier. The buttonsmove the highlight on the screen toselect the next character to change.

NoteWaypoints are stored in the unit’s built-indatabase. By moving the highlight with the

buttons to ARPT and pressing thebuttons, you can change the type of

destination waypoint to select: airport, NDB,VOR, INT, or USER (user created). Forinstance, with ARPT indicated as the type ofdestination waypoint, only airports show on thedisplay as you select identifier characters.

16

First Time Use

HintFor airport waypoints, press thebuttons to move the highlight on the screendown to the second line containing the cityname. You can select characters in this line, too.The buttons scroll throughwaypoint names that most closely match thecharacters you select.

3. You can also scroll through eachwaypoint in the database. With thehighlight over the first character ofeither the waypoint identifier OR cityname, press the button once. Ahighlighted vertical arrow symbol willappear to the left of the first character.

Use the buttons to scrollthrough each waypoint in thePrecedus’sbuilt-in database.

4. Make sure correct waypoint is selected.Press the button to enter yourinformation.

The selected waypoint is now set as thedestination. The display shows thenavigation screen in use before theGOTO function was started in step 1.

17

First Time Use

ExternalAntenna

The built-in regular antenna for thePrecedus may be removedand used as an external antenna. A dummy antenna is insertedinto thePrecedus to replace the built-in antenna. A six-footcable is provided to connect to the regular antenna.

1. Detach the built-in antenna by sliding it to the right andpulling it away from thePrecedus.

2. Replace the built-in antenna with the dummy antenna,the one with the cable attached to it.

3. Attach the dummy antenna by inserting the tab at the baseof the antenna into the notch above the display. Then, pushthe top of the antenna down into the cavity and slide theantenna to the left as you align the antenna connectors.

4. Hold the antenna bracket in front of you with the openpart of the suction cup facing up. Insert the tab at thebase of the regular antenna into the lip of the bracket,align the connector with the opening in the bracket, andthen press the antenna firmly into place.

5. Insert the gold-plated connector at the end of the cableinto the gold-plated connector on the regular antenna.

6. Apply the suction cup and antenna bracket to thewindshield.

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First Time Use

Navigation BasicsThis section explores the navigation function and describesthe powerful features it contains. When you becomecomfortable operating the unit, you may wish to “fly” thePrecedus using the built-in simulator. Follow the instructionsin the Tutorial section.

About theNavigationFunction

The navigation function is always active. When you useother functions, the navigation function continues to run “inthe background” calculating your present position,navigating your programmed route (if active), and alertingyou to events or conditions important to navigation. Whenyou finish using other functions and return to the navigationfunction, the last navigation screen used is displayed.

About theNavigationFunctionScreens

While you navigate, thePrecedus gives you information inthe Navigation function screens. Screens provided are: zeroto four Navigation information screens (number is selectedby the user in the System Setup function), HSI Display,messages, GPS status, route waypoints, navigationinformation and moving map, and moving map alone. Thenavigation information screens are user-programmable.

The buttons “scroll” or page forward orbackward through the screens. This section describes eachscreen.

19

Navigation Basics

NAV Function Summary

NavInfo 1

GPSStatus

RouteMovingMap

NavInfo 2

NavInfo 3

NavInfo 4

Nav Info &Moving Map

Messages HSIDisplay

GPSStatus

The GPS Status screen contains information about signalsreceived from visible satellites in the sky.

The GPS information screen tells you:• The type of position fix currently calculated by the unit:

0D: no signals available

2D: the position fix is calculated based on signals fromonly three satellites and GPS altitude is not available

3D: the position fix is calculated based on signals fromfour or more satellites, and GPS altitude is available

• The total number of operational GPS satellites in orbit• The number of satellites visible in the sky from your

position and their status• The Dilution of Precision (DOP) value for the position

fix provided by the satellite constellation - a high value(6 or greater) indicates poor position reliability, while avalue of 3 or less indicates good position reliability

In addition, individual satellite information is available bypressing the buttons, as follows:• The strength of the received signal from each satellite• The satellite azimuth and elevation from the current

position• The GPS receiver’s current track status for each visible

satelliteMessages ThePrecedus helps you navigate by informing you of

important events or conditions while you fly. When animportant event or condition occurs, an alert message showson the display to inform you. When you see one of thesealerts on the display, follow the instruction shown to clear it.Clearing the alert removes it from the display. The screenshown before the alert appeared returns to the display. Alertsmay show on the display anytime the unit is operating.

20

Navigation Basics

CustomNavigationScreens

You can customize the Navigation Information pages byselecting the information shown in each of the windows.

1. In the Navigation function, press andhold the button to highlight the topinformation window.

2. Press the buttons to movethe highlight to the desired window.

3. Press the buttons to choosethe desired navigation information.There are thirty-four differentnavigation information choicesavailable.

4. Press to save this choice, or pressthe buttons to select anotherwindow to change.

A listing of the available navigation screens is given on thenext page.

21

Navigation Basics

Navigation Information Choices

22

Navigation Basics

MovingMap

Screen

The following information shows in highlighted boxes ateach corner of the display:

• The destination waypoint• Bearing to the destination waypoint• Map scale• Range to the destination waypointThe moving map screens represent graphic views of yournavigation progress. Your present position is indicated bythe airplane symbol near the center of the display. Note thatthe display orientation may be changed so that the top of themay be North, Desired Track, or Track. The Map Setupoption, described in the Function Reference section, explainshow to change the orientation.

You can change the scale by pressingthe buttons. The scale maybe changed from 0.1 nm to 250 nm orset to auto for each waypoint type. Inthis case, the distance from the airplaneicon to the top of the screen is 40 miles.

Panning theMoving

Map

Press the button while viewing the moving map. Thescreen displays “PAN” in the upper left corner and the“airplane” changes to a crosshair. Press the button

again to display Pan and Zoom options. Press theor buttons to select “Quit,” “Zoom,” or “Pan.” With

23

Navigation Basics

“Pan” selected, press to start thePan feature. Move the crosshair with thearrow keys.

When the crosshair touches the edge ofthe map, the map will redraw tocontinue panning in the desireddirection.

GOTO aWaypoint inPan Mode

Move the cross hair with the arrow keys.When the crosshair touches the symbolthat marks a waypoint and the waypointname is reversed, press to viewinformation about the waypoint. Pressto set the highlighted waypoint as thedestination waypoint. Then press.

Creating aWaypoint inPan Mode

Move the crosshair with the arrow keysto any place on the moving map. Press

to create a new waypoint for thecrosshair location. Name the waypointas shown in Creating User Waypoints.

You can quickly GOTO a new waypointby moving the crosshair to the location.Then press , , and

to navigate to your newwaypoint.

24

Navigation Basics

Zooming Inor Out

While using the Panning feature, you can change theviewing scale of the map

While using the Panning feature pressto display the Pan Zoom options.

Press the or buttons toselect “Quit,” “Zoom,” or “Pan.” WithZoom highlighted, press to startthe Zoom feature.

Press the or buttons toselect the Zoom scale.

You can also access the Zoom featurefrom the moving map by pressing the

or buttons to change themap scale

Zooming in changes the view to enlargemap detail, as if the airplane symbol wasflying at a lower altitude over the mapsurface. Zooming in close to airportwaypoints enables you to see yourorientation in relation to availablerunways.

Zooming out allows a view of greaterdistance around the airplane symbol, asif the airplane was flying higher over themap. As you zoom in or out, the mapscale changes to show the new distancerepresented between the airplane symboland the top border of the display. Whenthe scale is large enough, the movingmap shows the political boundaries forstates, provinces, and countries.

25

Navigation Basics

Auto Zoom The auto zoom feature changes themoving map scale automatically,adjusting the map scale to zoom incloser and closer as you near thedestination waypoint. This featureadjusts the map scale to zoom out asyour distance from a waypoint of originincreases.

Enable Auto Zoom by pressing thebuttons until “AUTO” shows as

the map scale. Using auto zoom freesyou from manually adjusting the mapscale as you view the moving mapscreens.

HSI DisplayIn the NAV mode, an HSI display is available to show yourtrack, cross track error, and desired track. Press the or

buttons to adjust the CDI resolution.

26

Navigation Basics

DesiredTrack

CDI Resolution(Full Scale Per Side)

CDI

Cross Track ErrorDistance

Cross TrackDirection To Steer

Current Track

AircraftPosition

The RouteScreen

ThePrecedus can store up to 20 reversible trip plans or“routes” in memory. Each route can consist of up to 30waypoints using either those you create or those from thebuilt-in waypoint database.

The route screen shows the status (ONor OFF) and up to four waypoints ofeach route, as well as the desired trackand distance between consecutivewaypoints. Only one route may beactive, or ON, at any time while younavigate. When the route screen isdisplayed, review each route by pressing

when NEXT is highlighted. Theprocedure to set up routes is explainedlater in this section.

Searchingfor NearestWaypoints

An important feature of thePrecedus is its ability to locatewaypoints closest to your position as you fly. Should youhave to land the aircraft quickly, you can use this feature tolocate a nearby waypoint, assign it as a destination, andquickly navigate to it.

While navigating, press thebutton twice to activate the nearestfunction and search for waypointsclosest to your present position.

The nearest function screen shows up to30 nearest waypoints in order ofdistance from your present position. Thewaypoint type, bearing to the waypoint,and range to the waypoint also shows.

Press the button to move the arrow cursor down thelist to select a destination. Press to view waypointinformation. Press and then the button to assignyour chosen waypoint as a destination. The display returns tothe navigation function automatically.

27

Navigation Basics

You can also return to the navigation function withoutassigning a new destination waypoint from the list bypressing the button.

ImportantYou can control the types of waypoints that showon the display as the result of a search fornearest waypoints. The “MAP SETUP” menufunction allows you to choose whether or not todisplay airports, VORs, NDBs, and intersectionsas searched waypoints and on the moving mapscreens. Before you fly, make sure to check thisoption and confirm that the waypoint types youwish to show will appear on the display after asearch and while using the moving map screens.

CreatingUser

Waypoints

The Precedus allows you to create up to 1,000 of your ownwaypoints, each with a 6-character name you choose. As younavigate, you may wish to create waypoints at locations that areimportant to you, or waypoints to which you plan to return. Youcan use your present position or enter either lat/lon coordinatesor radial and distance position relative to another waypoint forthe waypoint’s location.

Use the new waypoint function to createwaypoints. Press the button andthe current position coordinates areassigned to the next user waypointnumber. The new waypoint functionscreen allows you to enter a waypointname of your choice, or you can use thedefault waypoint name that the unitassigns as a number.

Press the buttons to movethe highlight to the desired character inthe waypoint name. Press thebuttons to change it. Once you haveentered the desired waypoint name, youcan assign it to the new waypoint inplace of the automatically assignednumber by pressing the button.

28

Navigation Basics

If you want a different location for yournew waypoint, use thebuttons to move the highlight and the

buttons to change thewaypoint Lat/Lon or radial and distancecoordinates . When you are finished,press to enter the new waypointinto memory.You can also create new waypoints inthe Pan mode as detailed on page 24.

You can always edit or delete waypoints you have created.The menu function “User Waypoint Management” functionallows you to perform these tasks. The use of this option isdescribed in the Function Reference section.

GettingWaypointInformation

Use the information (INFO) function anytime to getinformation on waypoints in thePrecedus‘s memory,including waypoints you have created. A listing of availableinformation is included in the Waypoint Database section.

DestinationWaypointInformation

Press the button to activate thewaypoint information function. Thewaypoint information screen shows onthe display with information about thecurrent destination waypoint. Press the

buttons to scroll throughadditional screens of information aboutthe waypoint. Press again toreturn to the Navigation function.

29

Navigation Basics

InformationAbout OtherWaypoints

You can also get information about any other waypoint inmemory by using the GOTO function together with thewaypoint information function.

Press the button as if you wereassigning a destination waypoint. Usethe buttons toselect the waypoint name. When thedesired waypoint name shows on thedisplay, press the button to getinformation about the waypoint.

Press the button again to returnto the previous page.

InformationAbout

NearestWaypoints

The waypoint information function also works with thenearest function. This allows you to quickly get informationabout any of the waypoints nearest to your present position.

Press the button twice to searchfor nearest waypoints. When the list ofthese waypoints shows on the display,press the button to move thearrow cursor down to the desiredwaypoint. Press the button to getinformation about the waypoint.

Press again to return to theprevious display.

ScanningWaypoints

forInformation

You can “scan” waypoints on themoving map screens to get informationquickly. With a moving map screenshowing on the display, pressseveral times.

Notice that the highlight moves from thedestination waypoint to a differentwaypoint on the screen each time youpress this button. When the highlight hasmoved to the desired waypoint, press thebutton to get information about thatwaypoint.

30

Navigation Basics

NavigatingMultiple

Flight Plans

The ability of the Precedus to store multiple leg flight plans isvery useful. Once you set up a route, you can navigate the planin forward or reverse. You can also edit a route you havecreated, or select any waypoint from a route and navigatedirectly to it, skipping other waypoints and legs of the trip.You can select waypoints by type, identifier, or name.

Creating aRoute

Select “EDIT” from the route screen tobegin creating route number 01. Thenselect “INSERT” to insert waypointsinto the route.

Prepare to insert waypoints into your route beginning withthe waypoint of origin. Then you can insert other waypointsin the order you will travel to them, working toward thedestination waypoint.

Use the buttons toselect and change the waypoint identifierand type for the first waypoint. When thedesired waypoint shows on the first lineof the display, press . The arrowcursor moves to the second line forinsertion of waypoint number 02. Repeatthe process you used to insert the firstwaypoint into the route.

As you add waypoints, the route screenshows the bearing and distance betweeneach waypoint.

While editing a route, move the cursorto any waypoint and press to viewinformation about that waypoint. Press

again to return to route editing.

31

Navigation Basics

When you finish inserting waypointsinto the route, select “DONE” with the

buttons and press thebutton then in the same way select“QUIT” to complete route editing.Remember, you can always change, add,or delete route waypoints later.

When you finish with the first route, youcan immediately create another. Thescreen shows route 02, empty and readyfor insertion of waypoints. To create anew route, select “EDIT” and proceed aswith creation of route 01.

Changing aRoute

Waypoint

You can change any waypoint along aroute. Select the route to change fromthe route screen. If you have severalroutes created, press the buttonwhile “NEXT” is highlighted to pagethrough the routes. When the correctroute shows on the display, select“EDIT” as if creating a route.

Press the buttons to select awaypoint to change. When the cursorarrow points to the desired waypoint,select “CHANGE” to change it.

Change the waypoint as desired. Repeatfor other waypoints to change.

32

Navigation Basics

Each time a change is made, “DONE” ishighlighted. When waypoints arechanged as desired, press tocomplete route editing.

Adding aRoute

Waypoint

You can add waypoints to any route. Add waypoints to aroute by inserting them into the route at the proper location.

Select the route from the route screenthat you want to insert waypoints. Then,select “EDIT” as if creating a route.

Press the button to move thecursor arrow to the waypoint where youwish to insert the new waypoint.

Select “INSERT” with thebuttons and press to insert awaypoint into the route.

Select a waypoint with the arrowbuttons. When desired waypoints areinserted into the route, press for“DONE,” select “QUIT,” and press

again to complete route editing.

33

Navigation Basics

DeletingRoute

Waypoints

To delete waypoints from a route, scroll through the routescreen pages to select the route that you wish to deletewaypoints. Then, select “EDIT” as if creating a route.

Use the buttons to move themarker arrow to the waypoint you wishto delete. Select “DELETE” to deletethe waypoint from the route and pressthe button.

When desired waypoints are deletedfrom the route, select “QUIT” with the

buttons and press tocomplete route editing.

NoteDeleting waypoints from routes will not removethem from the waypoint database.

Starting aRoute

When you are ready to navigate a route, it must be started.Only one route can be started, or active at any time.

Select the route you wish to start fromthe route menu. Use thebuttons to select “START” and press

. Select “NORMAL” with thebuttons and press to

start the route.

34

Navigation Basics

Only one route can be “started” or active at any time. Youcan navigate the route in either direction, depending on yourpresent position. If your present position is at the lastwaypoint in the route, you could use this last waypoint as thepoint of origin by selecting “REVERSE.”

After a route is started (route “ON”), you can view otherroutes or edit them. From any route screen, you can quicklyreturn to the active route by pressing the buttonsto select “NEXT” and then pressing the button. With“NEXT” highlighted press to page through the routesthat you have stored.

Fixed Map To use a fixed point as the center reference on the display, firstselect the desired reference point. You can select any point onor off the current display using any of the available methods.With the waypoint selected press and then presstwice to bring up the Info Map. The selected point will remaincentered on the map and the plane icon will move in relation tothat point. Press again to return to NAV.

Stopping orHolding a

Route

While flying a route, you may wish to deviate from yourintended flight plan. You may later resume travel on thisroute. You can “HOLD” the route to do this. A route on“HOLD” can be resumed later from the current leg. Theroute is still active, but leg sequencing is stopped while youdeviate from the planned course of travel.

You may wish to abandon an active route to navigate adifferent route or to travel to waypoints not in the route.Press the button, select a new waypoint, and press

. If the new waypoint is not in the active route, theroute will be stopped. If you wish just to stop the route, usethe “STOP” option.

Stop or hold the active route byselecting “STOP” or “HOLD” from theroute menu with the buttonsand then press .

You can also select “QUIT” to avoidany action and return to the active routescreen.

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Navigation Basics

Resuming aRoute

Select “START,” press and thenselect “RESUME” with thebuttons and press to resume aroute on hold.

Route“Direct To”

While navigating a route, you may wish to bypass one ormore waypoints and proceed directly to a destinationwaypoint. The route “Direct To” feature allows you to dothis.

Select the active route from the routemenu. Then, select “EDIT” with the

buttons and press .

Press the buttons to movethe marker arrow to the waypoint youwant to navigate to. Then, press thebutton. The waypoint information screenwill be displayed. Press to enterthe waypoint as the destination.

The route screen shows “Direct” statusto the waypoint.

You can now navigate directly to the desired destinationwaypoint, bypassing previous waypoints in the route.

36

Navigation Basics

Creating anApproach

Route

ThePrecedus allows you to setup an approach route usingthe established approach waypoints.

1. Select “EDIT” from the Route Optionswith the buttons and press

. Then, select “INS” and press

.

2. Use the arrow buttons to select thedesired airport designator and then press

.

3. For the next waypoint on the route,select “APP” from the Route Optionswith the buttons. Press

.

NoteThe cursor must be below the desired airportand at the last entry for your flight plan.Inserting an approach automatically removesthe airport identifier and inserts the approachwaypoints.

37

Navigation Basics

4. Select the desired approach waypointgroup with the buttons andthen press to insert the approachroute.

5. Select “QUIT” with thebuttons and press . The approachroute is now set. The route will show thebearing and distance between eachwaypoint.

6. When you are ready to navigate yourapproach route, select “START” withthe buttons and press .Select “NORMAL” and press toactivate your route.

NoteThe Approach Monitor feature is for pilotinformation only. Your Precedus may not beused as the primary navigation device for anIFR approach.

38

Navigation Basics

Function ReferenceThis section provides detailed information on the functions youcan select from the Main Menu. The Main Menu gives youaccess to functions that modify the operation of your Precedusand the way navigation information is displayed. The menuoptions allow you to customize the to best suit your navigationrequirements. A list of menu option default settings (those ineffect when the unit is first switched on) for each option isincluded at the back of this section. Option settings are stored inmemory and remain in effect until you change the settings again.

NoteNavigation is not interrupted while you use theother functions.

The menu function makes these options available:• Return to Nav - (Page 40)

Returns the unit from the menu to the navigation function.• Pilot Checklist - (Page 42 )

Provides storage, editing, and display of up to fourpreflight checklists.

• Map Setups - (Page 45)Contains control settings for information shown onmoving map screens (navigation function), airspaces,road data, and city and user waypoints.

• Alerts - (Page 49)Controls alert messages for airspace entry, waypointarrival, course deviation indication and alert message,and creates a parallel course that is offset by a selecteddistance from your chosen course.

• Display Units - (Page 50)Contains control settings for navigation units ofmeasure, control settings for magnetic variation incourse headings, and map datum.

• Timers - (Page 54)Controls built-in timers for countdown and flight time.

• User Wpt Mgmt - (Page 55)Controls editing or deletion of waypoints you haveentered in thePrecedus‘s memory.

• Track History - (Page 55)Controls navigation “track point” storage in memory andwhether points show on moving map navigation screens(Navigation function).

39

Function Reference

• Screen/Light - (Page 57)Control settings for display backlight and contrast, statuslight programming, and power light programming.

• Time and Place - (Page 58)Contains seed position and current time settingsincluding UTC differential.

• System Setup - (Page 58)Controls operation mode, either of the two serial portsfor interface with external devices, and the number ofNAV pages shown.

• General Info - (Page 61)Enables showing of unit serial number, current hardwareand software versions, and current databases.

• E6B Functions - (Page 62)Perform calculations of important information related totemperature, wind, and barometric pressure.

TheMainMenu

The main menu displays the functions available.

Press the button. When the mainmenu shows on the display, select thedesired option by pressing thebuttons to move the arrow cursor up ordown the list of functions. With thedesired option selected, press thebutton to activate it.

ChangingMenuOption

Settings

Changing settings on any menu option screen is done in thesame way. Use the buttons to move the highlighton the screen to the option item you wish to change. Thenuse the buttons to change the setting.

Return toNav

Use this option to leave the menu function and return to theNavigation screen last viewed.

Note“RETURN TO NAV” is automatically selectedwhen you press . If you accidentally selectthe wrong menu option or if you decide toabandon making changes, press thebutton again to return to the main menu.

40

Function Reference

41

Function Reference

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Info

PilotChecklist

The preflight checkout is one of the most important parts ofyour flight. To help with your workload and increase yoursafety, the Precedus includes a menu item to store up to fourPilot Checklists. There is a predefined list of items that youcan select for viewing on each checklist.

Highlight “PILOT CHECKLIST” in theMain Menu and press . Use the

or buttons to select thedesired Checklist (1 to 4).

Press the buttons to movethrough the Checklist and highlightindividual items.

Creating aNew

Checklist

While viewing the desired Checklist,press the button to move thehighlight to the first item on theChecklist. With “INS” (insert)highlighted, press . Select thedesired item with the orbuttons and press .

42

Function Reference

Now, for the next item. With “INS”highlighted, press . Select thedesired item with the orbuttons and press .

Continue until you are finished selectingitems and then use the orbuttons to highlight “QU” (Quit) andpress .

Edit anExistingChecklist

While viewing the desired Checklist,press the or buttons to movethe highlight to the item on thechecklist.

With the or buttons, movethe highlight to “INS,” “DEL” (Delete),or “CH” (Change) and press .

If you selected “INS” or “CH”, selectthe desired item with thebuttons and press . Continue untilyou are finished selecting items and thenpress the or buttons tohighlight “QU” and press .

43

Function Reference

PilotChecklistOptions

The following list shows the options available for you toselect from for the Pilot Checklist function

44

Function Reference

1. Activate Flightplan2. Alternate Air Check3. Alternators Check4. Alternators On5. Alternators Off6. Altimeter Setting7. Avionics8. Avionics Master On9. Avionics Master Off10. Carb Heat Check11. Canopy Closed12. Circuit Breakers13. Compass14. Compass System Free15. Compass System Slave16. Contact Approach17. Contact Clearance Delivery18. Contact Departure19. Contact Ground20. Contact Tower21. Cowl Flaps Close22. Cowl Flaps Open23. Cowl Flaps Set24. DG Setting25. Doors26. Engine Prime27. Flaps Down28. Flaps Up29. Flaps Set30. Fuel Pumps Check31. Fuel Pumps Off32. Fuel Pumps On

33. Fuel Quantity34. Fuel Selectors Set35. Gear Up36. Gear Down37. Generators Check38. Generators On39. Generators Off40. HSI Course41. HSI Heading42. Instruments Check43. Landing Lights44. Mag Check45. Mags Off46. Mags On47. Master Switch Off48. Master Switch On49. Mixture Set50. Nav Systems (VOR) Check51. Navigation Lights52 Navigation Set53. Oil Pressure54. Passenger Briefing55. Props Pitch Setting56. Radios Set57. Rotating Beacon58. Seat Belts59. Seats Locked60. Speed Brake Set61. Strobe Lights62. Takeoff Trim63. Trim Set64. Windows Closed

Map SetupsThis option controls the type of waypoints that show on themoving map screens, the size of the text, whether or not a RoutePath or Airspaces are shown, and the orientation of the movingmap. The pages available in Map Setup include Misc Setup,Aviation Wpts, Airspaces, Road Data, City Wpts, and UserWpts.

Misc Setup Highlight “MAP SETUP” in the MainMenu and press . Use the

buttons to select the desired MapSetup page. If you do not have aparticular database loaded, the setup pagefor that database with not be shown.

In MiscSetup, press thebuttons to highlight “Route Off/On.” Pressthe or button to select “On” or“Off.” With Route turned On, a linerepresenting your intended flight pathshows on the moving map screens to aidyou in navigating to your destination.

Press to highlight “Route Idents.”Press or to select “Off, Small,Medium, or Large.” This sets the size thattext will appear on the map displays.

Press to highlight “Orient.” Pressor to select “Track, DTK

(Desired Track), or North” for the top ofthe screen on the moving maps.

In MiscSetup, press thebuttons to highlight “Extended Pan Wpt.”Press the or button to select thetype of waypoint that will be displayed inPan mode when the Zoom scale displays anarea outside of the currently viewablewaypoints. Waypoint types available are:None, Int, Arpt, VOR, NDB, and City.Normally, the neaerest 30 waypoints ofeach type are shown.

45

Function Reference

Press to highlight “Ident ZoomLimit.” Press or to select thedistance from your position that waypointidentifiers will be displayed. Set the units(nm, mi, or km) in the DISPLAY UNITSmenu item in the Main Menu.

AviationWaypoints

Press to highlight “All Wpts.”Press or to select “ON” or“OFF.” With this option you choose todisplay Aviation waypoints on themoving maps.

Press to highlight the waypoint typeZoom distance. Waypoint types areAirport, VOR, Intersection, and NDB.Press or to select the Zoomdistance; that is distance from yourposition that waypoints will be displayed.Selections are from OFF to 250 nm.

Press to highlight the “Idents”size. Press or to select“Off, Small, Medium, or Large” foreach waypoint type. Press tosave the selected choices

Airspaces In Map Setup, select “Airspaces.” Pressto highlight Class B, C, or D

Airspaces. Press or to selectSector, Outer, or Off for each selection.Grouping is slightly different in theInternational Database.

Press to highlight “Spec Use.” Pressor to select ON or OFF.

Press to highlight the DistanceBuffer value. Press or toselect the value.

The distance buffer is the distance fromthe airspace border where you will bealerted. This distance can be shown in

46

Function Reference

the unit of measure you choose using the“DISPLAY UNITS” setting describedlater in this section.

Press to highlight the Time Buffervalue. Press or to selectthe value.

The Time Buffer contains the traveltime (based upon current track andspeed) from the airspace border whereyou will be alerted.

Press to save the selected choices

ATC Ring When ATC Ring is set to ON, a ringfive nautical miles in radius is drawnaround any airport that has a controltower frequency.

No alerts are provided for nearing theATC ring; it is only a visual marker onthe map screens for your convenience

User Wpts Press to highlight the desireditem. Press or to select thedesired choice.

Press to save the selected choices.

47

Function Reference

Road Data The Road database allows you to showinterstate, U.S., and state highways onthe map pages of your Precedus.

All Roads - Choose ON or OFF.Choose ON to display roads and roadnames on the map pages. Choose OFFto not display road information.

Zoom - Choose the distance from yourposition that a particular road type willbe shown. If you choose OFF, thatparticular road type will not be shownon the map pages.

Idents - Choose ON or OFF. ChooseON to display the road identifiers for theselected Road type. Choose OFF to nodisplay the identifier; the road will stillbe drawn.

Press to highlight the desireditem. Press or to select thedesired choice.

Press to save the selected choices.

City Wpts The City database in Map Setup allowsyou to show the location and name ofcities on the map pages of your Precedus.

All Cities - Choose ON or OFF. ChooseON to display the cities and city nameson the map pages. Choose OFF to notdisplay city information. City location isshown as a “+” on the map.

City Zoom - Choose the populationthreshold for the cities that will beshown. If you choose OFF, cities willnot be shown on the map pages.

Idents - Choose OFF, SMALL,MEDIUM or LARGE. Choose OFF to

48

Function Reference

not show the city name; a “+” will stillshow the location. SMALL, MEDIUMand LARGE determine type size for thecity name.

Press to highlight the desired item.Press or to select the desiredchoice.

Press to save the selected choices.

Alerts This option controls whether or not and when the Precedusshould alert you if you approach special use airspace or arrivalat a destination. You can also set up your CDI resolution orParallel Track distance, as well as alerts for these features.

Highlight “ALERTS” in the Main Menuand press . Use thebuttons to select AIRSPACES. Press

or to select “ON” or“OFF.” When Airspaces are “ON,” analert message will appear in theNavigation function when you enter aspecial use airspace.

Press or to highlight the numbervalue for WPT ARRIVAL. Press

or to select the radius distancearound the destination waypoint where thePrecedus alerts you. This distance can beshown in the unit of measure you chooseusing the “DISPLAY UNITS” settingdescribed later in this section. Press tohighlight the ON/OFF option. Pressor to select “YES” or “NO.” If youchoose “YES” for the alert message, thearrival alert will show on the display toadvise you of arrival at your destinationwaypoint.

49

Function Reference

Press or to highlight thenumber value for CDI. Press or

to select the distance off yourcourse where thePrecedus alerts you. Thenumber you select is the distance from thecenter to the left or right side of the CDIscale in the NAV function. Press tohighlight the ON/OFF option. Pressor to select “YES” or “NO.” If youchoose “YES” for the alert message, thecourse deviation alert will show on thedisplay advising you when coursedeviation exceeds the CDI scale maximumvalue left or right.

Press or to highlight thedirection for Parallel Track. Pressor to select L/R (Left or Right ofyour current course). Now pressto highlight the distance. Press or

to select the distance value. Thisfunction allows you to set a course to adestination that is parallel to youroriginal course and offset by a distanceyou select. ThePrecedus alerts youwhen you exceed this distance.

DisplayUnits

This option controls the way navigation units of measureshow on the display. The units of measure you select showconsistently throughout all screens in all operating functions.You also can set the Magnetic Variation and Map Datum.

Units of measure for each navigation parameter:• Distance - nm/kts (nautical miles/knots); sm/mph

(statute miles/miles per hour); km/kph(kilometers/kilometers per hour)

• Altitude- feet; meters• Lat/Lon - d-m.mmm; d-m-s.s (where d=degrees,

m=minutes, s=seconds of latitude or longitude), and UTM

50

Function Reference

In the Main Menu press, orto highlight “DISPLAY UNITS” andpress . Press or toselect the Distance unit type.

Press the button to highlight theAltitude value and then press or

to select the desired type.

Press the button to highlightLat/Lon and then press or toselect the desired type.

Press the button to highlight MagVar and then press or toselect Automatic, Manual, or TrueNorth. If you selected Manual, press the

button to highlight the degreesvalue. Press or to set thedegrees and direction value.

To disable magnetic variation, select “TRUE.” All courseheadings will be referenced to true north.

NoteThe Precedus automatically sets magneticvariation to 0 degrees when you fly above 70degrees north or south latitude. It is notnecessary to disable automatic magneticvariation as you travel north or south to highlatitude regions.

51

Function Reference

Press the button to highlight the Map Datum Type andthen press or to select the desired Map Datum.

The following list shows the GPS map datums containedwithin thePrecedus. Each map datum represents amathematical model of the earth used for the purpose ofestablishing precision in charting various areas of the earth.Since each datum relies on a different mathematical model,inconsistencies exist in defining the location of chartedpoints between datums. For this reason, it is important toverify that you have selected the correct map datum for thearea where you navigate and the chart you use.

NoteWGS-1984 is the default datum until you changeit.

52

Function Reference

Datum Name Ellipsoid(Model)

ARC 1950 Clarke 1880

ARC 1960 Clarke 1880

Australian Geodetic 1966 Australian National

Australian Geodetic 1984 Australian National

Bogota Observatory International

Campo Inchauspe International

Cape Clarke 1880

Carthage Clarke 1880

Chatham 1971 International

Chua Astro International

Corrego-Allegre International

European 1950 West Europe International

European 1950 Cyprus International

European 1950 Egypt International

European 1950 Iran International

53

Function Reference

Datum Name Ellipsoid(Model)

European 1950 Sicily International

European 1979 International

Gandajika Base International

Geodetic Datum 1949 International

Hjorsey 1955 International

Indian (Thailand/Vietnam) Everest

Indian (Bangladesh/India/Nepal) Everest

Ireland 1965 Airy Modified

Kertau 1948 Everest Modified

Liberia 1964 Clarke 1880

Luzon Clarke 1866

Massawa Bessel 1841

Merchich Clarke 1880

Minna Clarke 1880

Nahrwan Clarke 1880

North American 1927 Conus Clarke 1866

North American 1927 Alaska Clarke 1866

North American 1927 Canada Clarke 1866

North American 1927 Cntrl. Amer. Clarke 1866

North American 1963 GRS-80

Old Egyptian Helmert 1906

Old Hawaiian Clarke 1866

Oman Clarke 1880

Ordered Survey Great Britain

1936

Airy

Pitcairn Astro 1967 International

Quatar National International

Qurmoq International

Schwarzeck Bessel 1841

South America 1969 S. America 1969

Timbalai Everest

Tokyo Bessel 1841

Zanderij International

WGS-1972 WGS-72

WGS-1984 WGS-84

Timers ThePrecedus includes timers for countdown and flight time.Use this option to count elapsed time for as long as 60minutes.The timers can run “in the background” while younavigate and will not interfere with unit operation.

In the Main Menu, press or tohighlight “TIMERS” and press .

Press or to highlight theCountdown time value. Press orto select the desired time. Press tohighlight “START?” and pressto begin countdown from the total timeshown.

As the countdown progresses, the screen shows“RUNNING.” During the time you can stop the countdown,but will reset to the starting value when restarted. An alertmessage shows on the display when the countdown time hasexpired.

Press or to highlight“BEGIN AT” for the Flight Time timer.Use the buttons to selectNOW, NEVER, POWER UP, or a speedbetween 5 and 200 kt as the startingpoint for the Flight Time counter. Forinstance, you may want to select a speedat which you are actually preparing fortake-off to start your Flight Timecounter.

54

Function Reference

UserWaypointManage-

ment

This option allows you to edit or delete waypoints you havecreated (user waypoints).

To edit a waypoint, press thebuttons to highlight the desiredwaypoint. Press the button toselect “EDIT” and then press .

Move the highlight to the desiredcharacter with the buttons.Change the values with thebuttons. When you finish makingchanges, press to save thechanges in memory.

To delete waypoints you no longer need,move the arrow cursor with thebuttons to the waypoint you wish todelete. Move the highlight at the bottomof the screen with the buttonsto “DEL” and press . The waypointis removed from memory.

When you are finished, select “QUIT”with the buttons and press

to return to the main menu.

TrackHistory

The Track History function allows you to store a record ofnavigation progress in memory. The stored record consists ofa series of track points, each containing your position at thetime the point was stored. You can choose whether or not tostore track points, how often to store them, and manage thestorage process. You can store up to 2,000 track points.

In the Main Menu press, orto highlight “TRACK HISTORY” andpress . Press or tohighlight the ON/OFF setting for“KEEP HISTORY.” Press orto choose ON or OFF.

55

Function Reference

When track history is “ON,” points arestored in memory. Your track historydisplays on the moving map screens as aseries of dots showing your flight path.Each dot indicates a stored point. Whentrack history is “OFF,” no track pointsare stored or shown on the moving mapscreens.

Now press to reach “KEEPHISTORY.” Press or tochoose the storage strategy. Select“FOREVER” to continuously storepoints, starting again and writing overexisting points when memory becomesfull, or select “UNTIL FULL” to stopstoring points when memory becomesfull.

Now press to reach “SAVE BY.”Press or to choose themethod. Each storage method has theappropriate interval for the track points.Saving by “DISTANCE” allows you toselect a distance interval. Saving pointsby “TIME” allows you to select theminutes and seconds interval for eachtrack point.

“USED” shows you the percentage of memory space usedfor track point storage. If you wish to empty the memory oftrack points, select “CLEAR?” and choose “YES.”

Press when you have completed your choices.

56

Function Reference

Screen/Light

This function controls the backlight, Status Light, PowerLight, and display contrast.

1. In the Screen/Light function, press thebuttons to select a

Backlight intensity level of OFF, LOW,MED, or HIGH. A light bulb icon willappear at the bottom of the display whenthe backlight is turned on.

2. Press to reach the STATUSLIGHT selection. The selected choicegives the conditions when the statuslight on the front of thePrecedus willlight. Press the buttons tochoose your status light options.

• OFF - Status light will stay off• MSG - Status light will turn on when a message is active• NO POS - Status light will turn on when the GPS signal

is lost• MSG & NO POS - Status light will turn on when either a

message is active or the GPS signal is lost

Press to reach the POWERLIGHT selection. Press thebuttons to select OFF, ON WHEN EXT,or FLASH/CHARGE.

57

Function Reference

• OFF - Power light will stay off• On When Ext - Power light will turn on when external

power is supplied• Flash/Charge - Power light will flash when the battery is

chargingPress to reach the “CONTRAST”selection. Adjust the display contrast bypressing the buttons. Asyou make adjustments, the horizontalbar shows the current contrast level.“ - ” indicates lower contrast, while “ +” indicates higher contrast. The contrastsetting you select is stored in memoryand remains in effect until you changeit.

Timeand Place

Use this function to enter your present position and set UTCand local times. It is necessary to enter the time and place thefirst time thePrecedus is switched on; this is called the“Seed Position.” Time and place information you enter isstored in memory and need not be entered again. However, itis necessary to enter this information again if the unit isswitched off and moved a distance of several hundred milesor more.

In the Main Menu press, orto highlight “TIME & PLACE” andpress . The Lat/Lon position willbe highlighted. Press thebuttons to highlight each character tochange and press the buttonsto select the desired value. Repeat thisoperation for all necessary values.

SystemSetup

This function sets thePrecedus operation mode (USAGE),Serial I/O, and the number of NAV Information pagesavailable in the NAV function.

There are six operating modes (USAGE) available in thePrecedus.

58

Function Reference

• Aviation• Hiking• Land Mobile• Marine• Survey• SimulatorEach mode is optimized for the given activity. Generally youwill use either the “AVIATION” or “SIMULATOR”operation mode. Select “SIMULATOR” only when you wishto use the built-in simulator to practice navigating with theunit.

In the Main Menu press, orto highlight “SYSTEM SETUP” andpress . Press thebuttons to select the desired USAGE.

If you choose the simulator mode, youcan select the ground speed you “fly”thePrecedus. All operating functions areavailable while you use the simulator.After simulator use, the unit returnsautomatically to the “AVIATION”operation mode the next time you switchon the power.

ThePrecedus is equipped with a serial data port forcommunication with external serial devices. This optioncontrols the function of each port. Your choices include:• None• NMEA 183-1.5• NMEA 183-2.0• Moving Map• DGPS 1200BUsing this option with appropriate electrical connections,you can:• Connect thePrecedus to your personal computer to

manage waypoints you create*• Send serial data to an external moving map display

59

Function Reference

• Send serial data matching the NMEA formats to anyserial device in the cockpit capable of accepting it

• Disable the serial data port*See your II Morrow dealer or contact thefactory for information about the optionalPrecedus/PC Interface Kit. Consult kitdocumentation for instructions on proper serialport settings.

Press to highlight the “SERIALI/O” function. Press thebuttons to select your choice.

ThePrecedus allows you to customize not only the contentof the Navigation function pages, but also the number ofinformation pages. These pages are the displays ofnavigation information, such as ground speed, altitude, CDI,distance to a waypoint, etc. The default value is two pages.You may select from zero to four pages. If you chooseRESET, two pages will be selected and any modifications toyour NAV Information pages will be removed.

Press to highlight the “NAVPAGES” function. Press thebuttons to select your choice.

Press when you have completedyour System Setup choices.

60

Function Reference

GeneralInfo The General Info function tells you about the Databases that

you have stored in the Precedus and other systeminformation. In General Info, press or to accessthe available pages.

Databases The Databases page shows the databasescurrently available in your Precedus andtheir date. You may have up to fourdatabases loaded into your Precedus at agiven time.

61

Function Reference

NAV Function Summary

NavInfo 1

GPSStatus

RouteMovingMap

NavInfo 2

NavInfo 3

NavInfo 4

Nav Info &Moving Map

Messages HSIDisplay

System Info The System Info page shows yourPrecedus software version and date,database type, amount of memory in thedatabase, and the GPS version. Thisinformation is for reference only andshould be used whenever you contact afactory service representative. Youcannot change any information on thispage.

E6BFunctions

Perform calculations of important information related to wind,temperature, and barometric pressure. The calculated resultswill be shown both on the E6B function page and in theNavigation pages. The E6B Calculator uses your actual groundspeed, track, and magnetic variation for its calculations.

DensityAltitude

Highlight Indicated Altitude value(IALT) using , change thevalue using or . Use thealtitude indicated on your aircraftinstruments. Change the units (feet ormeters) in the DISPLAY UNITS menu.

Highlight the Barometer (BARO) valueusing , change the valueusing or . Highlight thesymbol to the right of the value and use

to select either inches (“)or millibars (mb).

Highlight the True Temperature (TRU)value using , change thevalue using or . Pressto highlight the measurement unit andpress or to select eitherFahrenheit (F) or Celsius (C). TheDALT value will update as you changevalues.

62

Function Reference

True AirSpeed

Highlight Indicated Altitude value(IALT) using , change thevalue using or . Use thealtitude indicated on your aircraftinstruments. Change the units (feet ormeters) in the DISPLAY UNITS menu.

Highlight the Barometer (BARO) valueusing , change the valueusing or . Highlight thesymbol to the right of the value and use

to select either inches (“)or millibars (mb).

Highlight the Total Outside Temperature(TOT) value using , changethe value using or .Typically, the TOT and TRU valueswill be the same until your speedexceeds 250 kts. Press to highlightthe measurement unit and pressor to select eitherFahrenheit (F) orCelsius (C). The DALT value will updateas you change values.

Press to highlight the CalibratedAir Speed (CAS) valuel. This is the airspeed indicated on your instrumentpanel. Use or to change thevalue. True air speed will be shown inthe box below and will update the TASvalue in the next section.

WindDirection/

Speed andHead Wind

Speed

Use to highlight the TASvalue, change the value using or. This value can be calculated in theprevious section or can be entered in thissection from your aircraft instruments.

Use to highlight the Headingvalue, change the value using or

. The Heading value is thedirection that you are actually traveling.

63

Function Reference

The Wind Direction and Speed is shownon the top line of this box. The HeadWind component describes the amountof wind directly affecting your forwardprogress.

Fuel Flow Highlight the Flow/Hr value using.

Change the displayed value usingor . Press the key once for

each increment of the tenths value. Holdthe key to change the whole numbervalue. Values entered here will be usedon the fuel flow screens in NAV mode.

DefaultSettings

The Precedus is shipped from the factory with menu optionsset as shown here. Note that where a range exists for asetting, the upper and lower boundaries are shown with thedefault setting shown asbold. These menu option settingsare stored in memory and remain in effect until youchange them.

Option Description Default AlertOperation

Mode

Usage:

Map Datum

Aviation

WGS 1984

N/A

N/A

Time & Place Lat/Lon:

Date:

Loc:

UTC Diff:

Enter seed

position,

current time,

and UTC diff.

at power up.

N/A

Screen

Controls

Backlight:

Contrast

OFF

0 - 50 -100%

N/A

Map Setup ARPTS:

VORS:

NDBS:

INTS:

USERS:

Idents:

Route:

Orient:

Airspaces:

ON

ON

OFF

OFF

OFF

Small

OFF

TRACK

ON

N/A

64

Function Reference

Option Description Default AlertTrack History Track History:

Strategy:

Save By:

Interval:

Used:

Clear?

ON

FOREVER

DIST - TIME

.1 - .50 - 10 nm

0 -100%

NO

N/A

Arrival Alerts Alert Message:

Distance:

YES

.1 - 1 - 9.9 nm

YES

Airspace

Alerts

Alert Message

Dist. Buffer:

Time Buffer:

YES

0 - 2 - 100 nm

0 - 10 - 20 min

CDI Scale Alert Message:

CDI Scale:

NO

.1 - 1- 9.9 nm

NO

Magnetic

Variation

Option:

Setting:

AUTOMATIC

(Computed)

N/A

Countdown

Time

Total Time: (User

programmable

1 sec. to 60 min.

When time

expires

Display Units Distance:

Altitude:

Lat/Lon

NM/KTS

FEET

D-M.MMM

N/A

Serial Outputs I/O NONE N/A

User Waypoint

Management

No default

settings

N/A N/A

System Info No default

settings

N/A N/A

65

Function Reference

Waypoint DatabaseDatabaseStructure

ThePrecedus provides an extensive built-in database ofwaypoint information to aid the navigator. Waypoints in thedatabase are divided into 5 categories. This structure allowsyou to easily select a waypoint as a destination, search forwaypoint information, search for nearest waypoints, ordisplay waypoints on moving map screens.

The waypoint types are:• Airports (ARPTs)• Non-directional beacons (NDBs)• Very high frequency omniranges (VORs)• Enroute intersections (INTs)• User created (USERs)

AvailableWaypointInformation

The following information is available for each waypoint type.Use the waypoint INFO function to get this information as theIntroduction describes in “Waypoint Information.”

ARPT Waypoint Information• Bearing and distance from present position• Airport type• Airport elevation• Fuel availability by type• Runway length(s) and surface type• Radio communication frequencies (an asterisk at the

frequency indicates part-time availability)• Lat/Lon coordinates• Navigation beacon light• IFR capability• Landing fee

VOR Waypoint Information

66

Waypoint Database

• Bearing and distance from present position• Operating frequency• Lat/Lon coordinates• DME available• Class (high/low/terminal)• Weather broadcasts

NDB Waypoint Information• Bearing and distance from present position• Operating frequency• Lat/Lon coordinates• DME available• Class (high/low/terminal)

67

Waypoint Database

INT Waypoint Information• Country• Bearing and distance from present position• Bearing from present position• Lat/lon coordinates

USER Waypoint Information• Bearing and distance from present position• Distance from present position• Lat/Lon coordinates

68

Waypoint Database

TutorialThis section gives a tutorial on using the built-in simulator topractice “flying” thePrecedus. Use this tutorial at your ownpace to become familiar with using the unit.

During the tutorial, you will use many of thePrecedus‘sfeatures as you would during an actual trip. All operatingfunctions are available while you use the simulator. Eachwill work the same way when you actually navigate later.

Get comfortable and take some time to follow theinstructions in this section to “fly” with thePrecedus. As younavigate with the simulator, feel free to experiment with thefeatures as much as you like. The instructions here shouldserve only as a general guide. The goal of this tutorial is tohelp you become comfortable using thePrecedus.

When you finish using the simulator, switch the unit off. Thenext time you switch it on, simulator mode will beautomatically canceled and the unit will be set to aviationmode for actual navigation.

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Tutorial

Starting theSimulator

1. Press to turn on thePrecedus.

2. Press the key again to reach themain menu.

3. Press the buttons to select“SYSTEM SETUP.” Press toselect the option.

4. Press the buttons to selectSimulator mode.

5. To set your Ground Speed, press thebuttons to highlight the

Ground Speed value and change it withthe buttons. Press tosave your settings and continue.

6. A message in the Navigation functionwarns you that GPS data is not availableand that positions are simulated.

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Tutorial

Preparingfor the

Trip

Before you navigate a trip, determine whether you will flydirect to a waypoint, or navigate a route of severalwaypoints. This tutorial presents instructions to set up eitherkind of trip. It may be helpful to first navigate direct to adestination before setting up a route to travel.

Originatingthe Trip

The Precedus‘s simulator uses your present position as thepoint of origin for the trip unless you have already used theunit to navigate a route. If this is the case, refer to the tutorialsection entitled “Navigating a Route” later in this section, ordeactivate your route and continue. These exercises assumeyour present position is the point of origin for the trip.

Assigning aDirect

Waypoint

1. Press the button.

2. Press buttons to select thefirst character of the destinationwaypoint name.

3. Press the button to move thehighlight to the next character of yourdestination waypoint name.

4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 to select the lastcharacter of the destination waypointname and the waypoint type. Press the

button to assign the waypoint asthe destination.

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Tutorial

Navigatingthe Trip

In the Navigation function, your trackshows directly on course with nodeviation from the bearing to thedestination. The Lat/Lon coordinateschange to reflect your present positionto the nearest hundredth of a minute.The bearing/distance/ground speed showyour selected ground speed andestimated time enroute on the trip.

NoteNo GPS altitude value shows on the displaywhen you are in Simulator mode.

LookingAround

While viewing the Moving Map, pressthe buttons to zoom in andout and see waypoints around you. Themap scale shows in the lower left cornerof the display and indicates therepresented distance between theairplane symbol and the top of thedisplay. For example, if you are 30 nmfrom your destination and the map scaleis set to 30 nm, you should be able tosee the destination on the display. If, atthe same map scale setting, yourdestination was 40 nm distant, youwould not be able to see it on the displayunless you selected a larger map scale.

While viewing the moving map screen,press the buttons to changethe map scale to “AUTO” to enable theauto zoom feature. Auto zoom showsyour destination on the screen and keepsit in view as you navigate your course.The map scale changes automatically toa smaller scale as you approach thedestination.

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Tutorial

GettingWaypointInformation

While you are enroute, you may want toget information about your destinationwaypoint. You can check for fuelavailability, runway lengths and surface,communication frequencies, and more.With the moving map screen displayed,press the button to get informationabout the destination waypoint.

Press the buttons to viewadditional pages of information. Pressthe button again to return to themoving map screen.

You can also get information aboutother waypoints on the screen as younavigate, whether or not the waypointnames are displayed. Select a map scalethat presents at least several waypointsaround you, or use auto zoom. Press the

button several times and watchthe highlight move from waypoint towaypoint on the screen.

Information about the highlightedwaypoint is available when you pressthe button.

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Tutorial

HintYou can get information about any waypoint inthePrecedus’s built-in database. Follow thesteps in “Assigning a Direct Waypoint” earlier.With the desired waypoint name showing on thedisplay, press the button. Waypointinformation shows on the screen, without thewaypoint being assigned as a destination. Pressagain to return to the previous function.

CheckingAlert

Settings

Looking ahead at the destination, thescreen shows an airspace around it.

The airspace shows because the MapSetup menu option has the“AIRSPACES” item set to “ON.”

You can also select an alert message toshow on the display when you approachthe airspace.

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Tutorial

Select the AIRSPACE ALERTSfunction on the Main Menu. The“AIRSPACES” choice should be set to“ON.”

ThePrecedus can also alert you with amessage on the display as you approachyour destination. Set the WPTARRIVAL selection to “ON.” Set thedistance from the destination where youwish to be alerted.

Select the Airspaces screen under theMAP SETUP function on the MainMenu. Select the TYPE of airspaces, setthe distance buffer to the desireddistance from the airspace where youwish to be alerted, and the Time Bufferitem to the desired travel time (at yourpresent speed) from the airspace whereyou wish to be alerted. Press toreturn to the main menu.

Approach-ing the

Destination

With the destination approaching, theairspace alert message shows on thedisplay at the time or distance from theairspace (whichever occurs first)selected earlier. Press toacknowledge the alert.

As you approach the destination, thearrival alert message also shows on thedisplay at the distance from thedestination you selected. Press toacknowledge the alert.

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Tutorial

Scroll through the navigation screens tocheck your progress and decreasingrange to the destination. When you arewithin several miles of the destination,adjust your ground speed to slow yourrate of travel to approximately 30 knots.See “Setting the Ground Speed” earlierin this tutorial. Use the moving mapscreen to view your arrival at thedestination. Set the map scale to autozoom. At this slower rate of travel, youcan clearly see the approachingdestination. As you approach, you cansee the runway configuration.

NoteThe simulator will not “land,” but shows a“fly-by” and continues travel at the currentheading and ground speed until you enteranother destination. When you do this, theheading changes and the unit navigates to thenew destination. You can stop travel at any timeby adjusting ground speed to 0.

Setting Upa Route

ThePrecedus can store up to 20 routes or multiple leg tripsof up to 30 waypoints each. After you create a route, you canedit it to add or change waypoints anytime. You can alsodelete waypoints from existing routes. See pages 29-36 intheNavigation Basicssection for Route editing details. Youcan navigate any route you choose, but only one route can beactive at any time.

1. Display the route screen in thenavigation function by pressing the

buttons. From the route screen,select “EDIT” with thebuttons and press .

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Tutorial

2. Use the buttons to select“INSERT” to begin inserting waypoints.Press .

You can select waypoints to insert basedon type, identifier, or name.

3. The arrow cursor points to the first linein the route for the first waypoint. Pressthe buttons to choose thewaypoint type (ARPT, VOR, NDB,INT, or User) and then the firstcharacter of the waypoint. Press the

buttons to select the desiredcharacter.

4. Press the buttons to movethe highlight to the next character of thename. Repeat steps 3 and 4 to select thelast character of the waypoint name andthe waypoint type.

HintWith the highlight on the first character of thewaypoint name, press and then thebuttons to search the database of waypoints oneby one if necessary to find the waypoint youdesire. You will need to do this if more than onewaypoint share a common name. The vertical

77

Tutorial

arrow symbol appears to the left of the waypointname.

5. Press to insert the waypoint in theroute. The waypoint is inserted and thearrow cursor points to the second line inthe route. Repeat steps 2 through 4above to enter additional waypoints.When you finish inserting waypoints inthe route, select “QUIT” with the

buttons and press . Theroute is ready to navigate once it isstarted.

Startinga Route

With the route you just created showingon the screen, select “START” with the

buttons and press .The arrow marker points to line 02,indicating the “TO” waypoint. WaypointEUG on line 01 is the point of origin.

You can navigate any route you choose, but only one routecan be “Started” or active at any time. You can navigate theroute in either direction, depending on your present position.For example, if your present position is at the last waypointin the route, you could use this last waypoint as the point oforigin by selecting “REVERSE.”

With “NORMAL” selected, press .The route screen shows on the displaywith the bearing and range to thewaypoint at the right side of the screen.

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Tutorial

Navigating aRoute

Set the ground speed to a realistic rate of travel. During routenavigation, the arrow marker on the route screen points tothe current “TO” waypoint. Scroll through the navigationscreens to check your progress on the route.

As you approach the first destinationwaypoint, the arrival alert screen shows onthe display to indicate your proximity tothe waypoint. When you arrive at the firstwaypoint, the simulator changes courseautomatically to begin the second leg ofthe trip. The arrow marker on the routescreen points to the new“TO” waypoint.Continue navigating the route.

Route“Direct To”

While navigating a route, you may find it necessary to alteryour trip and proceed “Direct To” a waypoint elsewhere inthe list. You can navigate directly to any waypoint in theroute, either those behind or those ahead of you.

From the route screen, choose the activeroute. Select “EDIT” with thebuttons and press . Use the

buttons to move the arrow cursorto the waypoint (or leg) you want. Press

. Select the desired wayoint andpress to assign the waypoint asthe “Direct To” destination. The routescreen shows the assigned waypoint“Direct To” status. You can assign anywaypoint in the route a “Direct To”status at any time. Navigation continuesto the “Direct To” waypoint.

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Tutorial

TrackHistory

ThePrecedus can store a record of your trip navigationprogress in memory. The record consists of a series of trackpoints, each containing your position at the time the pointwas stored. You can store up to 2,000 track points. Trackpoint storage can be activated or deactivated any time younavigate. Track History cannot be viewed with thePrecedus.you will need to use the Waypoint Manager software;contact the factory Technical Service Department.

1. Select the Track History option from themain menu. The Track History screenshows on the display.

Press the buttons to turn“ON” the Track History feature.

3. Press the button to highlight thestrategy type. Select a storage strategyby pressing the buttons.

Select either “FOREVER” or “UNTILFULL.” The “FOREVER” settingrecords track points indefinitely,recording over existing track pointswhen memory becomes full. The“UNTIL FULL” setting stops recordingpoints when memory fills to capacity.

4. Press the button to highlight thestorage method. Select a storage methodwith the buttons. Chooseeither “DISTANCE” or “TIME. Press

.

The “DISTANCE” setting recordspoints at the distance interval you select.Similarly, the “TIME” setting recordspoints at the interval of time you select.

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Tutorial

5. Select a storage interval for the methodyou selected. If you selected Distance,the “INTERVAL” will be in nm, sm, orkm. If you selected Time, the“INTERVAL” will be in hours andminutes. With the track point historyscreen items properly set, press tobegin recording.

NoteAfter you begin recording track points and goabout navigating, you can always refer to theTrack Point History screen to check how muchmemory space has been used. Check the“USED” item on the screen to see thepercentage of track point storage memorycurrently used.

6. You can move the highlight to the“CLEAR?” item to empty the trackpoint history memory anytime. Select“YES” and press to delete alltrack points. Deleted track points are notrecoverable.

Check the moving map screen in theNavigation function as you navigate theroute. With track points being recorded,small dots appear behind the airplanesymbol as you travel. Each dotrepresents a stored track point.

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Tutorial

Navigatingto a

NearestWaypoint

ThePrecedus can help you select and navigate to waypointsnear your present position. This feature could be valuable ifyou had to land the aircraft quickly. For the purpose of thistutorial, imagine that the weather conditions were becomingworse and you wish to land immediately.

1. Press twice to display up to 30closest waypoints around you.

2. Press the button to move down thelist to select a waypoint. Press the

buttons to view the airport,VOR, NDB, INT, or USER waypointcategories. Press to examinedetails about the waypoint that the arrowpoints to.

3. Press to choose the waypoint asthe destination. You will now fly“DIRECT” to your chosen “NEAREST”waypoint.

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Tutorial

Conclusion This tutorial has explored many of thePrecedus‘s features. Ifyou feel comfortable using the unit, switch it off and thenback on to cancel the simulator. The unit is ready for actualnavigation. If you need more time to become comfortableoperating thePrecedus, repeat this tutorial. Navigate todifferent destinations, add new routes, and take your timeexploring the way the unit works. The way you move thehighlight around the screen and select option items isconsistent throughout all items on the main menu.

Remember:• The buttons move the highlight• The buttons change highlighted settingsWhile you navigate, remember:• The buttons change navigation screens• The buttons move the highlight on the GPS

signal screen and route screen, and changes the mapscale on moving map screens

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Tutorial

TroubleshootingThis section contains information to troubleshoot thePrecedus when improper operation is observed. Thefollowing table lists possible problems you could encounterwhile operating the unit. Examine the possible causes of theproblem and take the action listed to correct the trouble. Ifyou cannot correct the problem, contact your dealer. If yourdealer is unavailable, contact the II Morrow factory at theaddress and phone number listed.

Contactingthe Factory

If efforts to resolve the problem fail, contact your dealer orthe factory weekdays from 8:00 A.M. until 5:00 P.M. Pacifictime for technical assistance. The II Morrow technicalservice staff will gladly assist you.

II Morrow Inc.Technical Service Department2345 Turner Road S.E.Salem, OR 97302 U.S.A.

U.S.A. Toll Free 800-525-6726Canada Toll Free 800-654-3415FAX (503) 364-2138International (503) 391-3411

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Troubleshooting

Problem Possible Cause ActionUnit does not

power on

If using battery:

Dead battery

Recharge battery

If using AC power

supply: bad power

supply

Check operation

with battery or a

known good power

supply

No GPS signal

reception

Obstructed signal

path

Move aircraft out

of hangar or away

from buildings to

provide an

unobstructed view

of the sky for the

antenna

Incorrect seed

position, time, or

UTC differential

entered

Check these

settings, if

necessary

Unit in simulator

mode

Select “Aviation”

mode in the

“Usage” function in

System Setup

If using an external

antenna: faulty

external antenna,

wiring, or

connections

Contact your

dealer to check the

antenna and other

wiring

Display too dark or

too light —

characters hard to

see

Change in viewing

angle or ambient

light conditions

Adjust display

backlight or

contrast

Search for nearest

waypoints reveals

too few or wrong

types of waypoints

Incorrect selection

of waypoint types

to show after

search

Check “Map

Setup” function

and verify that the

desired waypoint

type to search is

“ON”

85

Troubleshooting

Problem Possible Cause ActionWrong types of

waypoints show on

moving map

screens

Incorrect selection

of waypoint types

to show on moving

map screens

See action above -

the waypoint types

you set to “NO” do

not show on the

moving map

screen or after

Nearest Waypoint

searches

Position fix seems

inaccurate

Incorrect Map

Datum selected

Check Map Datum

selection in

System Setup to

verify correct map

datum

Wrong bearing

and track values

Incorrect magnetic

variation entered

Check Magnetic

Var option -select

“Automatic” or

enter correct value

Airspace

boundaries

missing from

moving map

Airspace display

on moving map

screens set to

“OFF”

Check “Map

Setup” and set

“Airspaces” to

“ON”

Line representing

route path on

moving map is

missing

Route path display

on moving map

screens is set to

“OFF”

Check the “Map

Setup” function

and verify that

“Route” is set to

“ON”

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Troubleshooting

Glossary of Navigation Terms

A Altitude (GPS ALT): Altitude, as calculated by thePrecedus, based upon a mathematical model of the earth’ssurface curvature. A substantial difference between thisaltitude value and altitude referenced to sea level may exist.

Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS):Recorded information about weather and other conditions atan airport, periodically updated when conditions change.

Azimuth: Bearing, as measured clockwise from true ormagnetic north.

B Bearing (BRG): The direction to any point, usuallymeasured in degrees relative to true or magnetic north.

C Constellation: A group of stars or objects, such as GPSsatellites, in the heavens.

Coordinates:Values for latitude and longitude that describea geographical point on the surface of the earth.

Course:The planned direction of travel in a horizontalplane.

Course Deviation:A measurement of distance left or rightfrom the desired course of travel.

Course Deviation Indicator (CDI): A graphic indicator ofcourse deviation typically shown as a graduated horizontalbar with an icon indicating the deviation distance left or rightof course.

Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF)

D Database:A collection of data structured in such a way as toallow quick and convenient access to any particular record orrecords. ThePrecedus contains a built-in database ofwaypoints and waypoint information. Users may addwaypoints to this database.

Degree:1/360th of a circle.

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Glossary of Navigation Terms

Desired Track (DTK): The desired course of navigationbetween a point of origin and a destination waypoint.

Dilution of Precision (DOP): A merit value for the calculatedposition based on the geometrical configuration of the satellitesused; 3 is considered good, greater than 7 is considered poor.Also called Precision Dilution of Precision or PDOP.

Distance:A measure of interval in space. Also referred to asrange.

Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)

Drift: Displacement from the intended course of travel.

E Elevation: The angle of a GPS satellite above the horizon.

Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)

Estimated Time Enroute (ETE)

F Fix: A geographical location determined by either visualreference or by electronic navigation aids.

G Global Positioning System (GPS):Also known asNAVSTAR. A constellation of satellites launched by the U.S.Department of Defense into six orbit lanes (four satellites perplane) at an altitude of 10,898 nm above the earth.

Ground (GRND): Ground communication frequency

Ground Speed (GS):Speed of travel across the ground. Inaviation, the relation between ground speed and air speed isaffected by the prevailing winds.

I Icon: A symbol shown on the display depicting presentposition. The icon is shown as a symbol of an airplane on thePrecedus‘s moving map screens.

Identifier: A name, typically abbreviated, assigned to awaypoint. The identifier may consist of numbers and alphacharacters, up to six in length. For example, the airportidentifier for Los Angeles International Airport is LAX.

Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)

88

Glossary of Navigation Terms

Intersection (INT): A point defined by any combination ofcourses, radials, or bearings of two or more navigational aids.

K Knot (kt): A unit of speed equal to one nautical mile perhour.

L Latitude (Lat): Any line circling the earth parallel to theequator, measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds northand south of the equator.

Longitude (Lon): Any line from the north to the south pole,measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds of a circle, eastor west of the Prime Meridian (Greenwich, England).

M Magnetic North: The region, some distance from thegeographic north pole where the earth’s magnetic linesconcentrate. A magnetic compass points to the magneticnorth.

Magnetic Variation (Mag Var): The angle between themagnetic and true north. At various points on the earth it isdifferent due to local magnetic disturbances. It is shown oncharts as isogonic lines marked with degrees of variation,either east or west. These degrees must be added to orsubtracted from the true course to get the magnetic course.(Easterly variations are deducted, and westerly variations areadded.) ThePrecedus automatically sets magnetic variationto 0 degrees at positions above 70 degrees north or southlatitude.

Map Datum: A mathematical model of the earth used forthe purpose of creating navigation charts and maps. ThePrecedus contains the set of datums listed in Appendix B.

Meter (m): A metric distance measurement equal to 39.37inches.

Minute: 1/60th of a degree.

N Nautical Mile (nm): A distance measurement equal to 6,076feet, or 1.15 statute mile. One nautical mile is also equal toone minute of latitude.

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Glossary of Navigation Terms

Non-Directional Beacon (NDB):A low frequency/mediumfrequency navigation aid sending non-directional signals thatcan be used for navigation.

R Radial: Any of the 360 magnetic courses from a VOR orsimilar navigational aid, beginning at the navigational aidand proceeding outward in a straight line.

Range (RNG):The distance from the present position to adestination waypoint.

S Second:1/60th of a minute of a degree.

Seed Position:A latitude and longitude position fixapproximately equal to the current position that thePrecedususes to determine the location of available satellites fromwhich signals may be received.

Selective Availability (SA): The degradation of accuracy ofGPS position fix data by the United States Department ofDefense for civilian use.

Statute Mile: A distance measurement equal to 5,280 feet or0.87 of a nautical mile.

T Three-dimensional (3D) Position Fix:A position fixdefined by latitude, longitude, and altitude.

TOT: Total Outside Temperature. Also called indicated airtemperature, this is the total temperature of the outside airtemperature (TRU) and the heating effect of the aircraftmoving through the air. The heating effect is usuallynegligable for most piston aircraft.

Track (TRK): The imaginary line that the flight path of anairplane makes over the earth.

TRU: True outside air temperature.

True North: Geographic north, at the earth’s north pole.

Tower (TWR): Airport tower communication frequency

U UNICOM: The radio frequencies assigned to aeronauticaladvisory stations for communication with aircraft. Unicoms

90

Glossary of Navigation Terms

may provide such airport information as active runway, winddirection and velocity and other conditions of importance topilots.

Universal Coordinated Time (UTC): Greenwich MeanTime, or the time at the Prime Meridian in Greenwich,England. Also referred to as Zulu time.

UTC Differential: The difference in time between that atthe present position and UTC.

Universal Transverse Mercator Map Projection System(UTM): Also known as Military Grid Coordinates, the UTMgrid consists of 60 north-south/east-west zones, each sixdegrees wide in longitude.

V Very High Frequency Omnirange (VOR): A navigationalaid that transmits signals such that a receiver can indicate itscurrent radial or bearing from the transmitter.

W Waypoint: A navigation fix used in area navigation anddefined by latitude and longitude coordinates.

Display Care and CleaningYour newPrecedus GPS has a hard coating that has beenapplied to the display screen. Despite this coating, care mustbe taken when cleaning the display screen. To remove stains,smudges, fingerprints, and so forth, we recommend thesecleaning methods (if the first method fails to remove theproblem, try the next method):

• Wipe with a clean, dry, non-abrasive fabric (forexample, cotton or Handi-wipes). Do NOT use paperproducts, such as paper towels or facial tissues.

• Blow on the area to condense moisture on the displayand then wipe the area with the clean fabric

• Moisten a clean fabric with a small amount of water andwipe the display area

• Apply a small amount of glass cleaner (withoutammonia) to the fabric and wipe the area

• Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol and wipe thearea (this is the last resort)

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Display Care and Cleaning

NoteUse a clean fabric with each cleaning method toavoid other contaminates. Do not use paperproducts.

Battery CareCharging

the BatteryThePrecedus comes with a high quality rechargeable NiCdbattery. This battery is not charged and needs to be chargedtwo to three times to reach full capacity before its first use. Abuilt-in battery charger will charge the battery when the unitis connected to external power.

Charge the battery by connecting thePrecedus to externalpower using either the AC adapter or the cigarette plug.Leave the unit plugged in for a minimum of eight hours. ThePrecedus will automatically stop charging and maintain thefull charge.

BatteryMemory

The battery may lose some of its capacity if the battery isonly partially discharged and then charged again. This lossof capacity is called thememory effectand can be reversedby discharging the battery completely before charging itagain. Leave thePrecedus on until the battery is completelydischarged and then charge the battery to recondition it. Aspecial battery charger/reconditioner available for thePrecedus will accomplish this automatically.

DesktopCharger

A desktop battery charger/reconditioner is available for thePrecedus and will quick-charge the battery in approximatelyone hour. The desktop charger has a built-in reconditionerthat will remove the memory effect from your battery.

92

Battery Care

Index

AAirport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Airspace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74, 86

Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49, 65, 75Distance Buffer. . . . . . . . . . . . 46Time Buffer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Airspaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

CDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Parallel Track. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Waypoint Arrival. . . . . . . . . . . 49

Alerts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 49, 74Airspace. . . . . . . . . . . . 49, 65, 75Arrival . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Approach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Arrow Buttons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

BBacklight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 57, 64Battery

Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Charger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Memory Effect. . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

CCDI

Alert Resolution. . . . . . . . . . . . 50Scale Default. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Contacting the Factory. . . . . . . . . . 84Contrast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 58, 64Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3CountdownTimers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Current Date. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Current Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

DDatabase

Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Default Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Differential GPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Dilution of Precision. . . . . . . . . . . . 20Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Backlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Contrast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Startup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Display Care and Cleaning. . . . . . . 91Display Units . . . . . . . . . 8, 39, 47, 50

Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Lat/Lon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Magnetic Variation. . . . . . . . . 51

Distance BufferAirspace Alert. . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

EE6B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Enter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

FFlight Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Fixed Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

GGeneral Information. . . 40, 48, 61, 65

Databases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61System Info. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87, 90GOTO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 16GOTO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 16, 24GPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Satellites. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 20Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Signal Strength. . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 15, 20Version. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

HHSI Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

IIdentifier

Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45II Morrow Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Intersection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

LLocal Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 58

MMagnetic Variation. . . . . . . 50, 65, 86

Display Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Main Menu8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 40Map Datum. . . . . . . . . . 50, 52, 64, 86Map Setup. . . . . . 8, 28, 39, 45, 65, 85

ATC Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Road Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Message. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Moving Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72, 86

Airspaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Auto Zoom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Panning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Auto Zoom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Scanning for WPT Info. . . . . . 30Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Serial Data Port. . . . . . . . . . . . 59Zoom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

NNavigation

Adding Route Waypoints. . . . 33Basics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Customizing InformationScreens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Deleting Route Waypoints. . . . 34Direct. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 19Function Summary. . . . . . . . . 60Information Screens. . . . . . 19, 22Multiple Leg Flight Plans. . . . 31Number of Nav Info Pages. . . 60Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39See RouteRoute Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Route Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . 32Simulator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Trip Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

NDB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Nearest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SeeAlso GOTO

New Waypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3NMEA Data Format. . . . . . . . . . . . 59

PParallel Track

Alert Resolution. . . . . . . . . . . . 50Pilot Checklist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Checklist Options. . . . . . . . . . 44Creating New . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Edit Existing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Position Fix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Power Light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Present Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . 58, 72

RReturn to Nav. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 39Route

Adding Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . 33Changing Waypoints. . . . . . . . 32Creating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Deleting Waypoints. . . . . . . . . 34Direct “To” . . . . . . . . . . . . 36, 79Hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Normal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Resume. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Reverse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Start. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Starting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

SScreen/Light5, 9, 40, 57

Backlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Contrast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Power Light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Status Ligh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t57

Seed Position. . . . . . . . . 9, 11 - 12, 58Serial Data Port. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Serial Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Simulator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69, 70, 85Software Version. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Status Light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57System Info. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9System Information. . . . . . . 40, 61, 65System Setup. . . . . . . . . . 9, 40, 58, 85

Differential GPS. . . . . . . . . . . 59Navigation Pages. . . . . . . . . . . 60NMEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Serial Data Port. . . . . . . . . . . . 59Simulator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Usage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

TTime & Place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 12Time and Place. . . . . . . . . . 40, 58, 64Time Buffer

Airspace Alert. . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Timer

Countdown. . . . . . . . 8, 39, 54, 65Track History . . . . . . 8, 39, 55, 65, 80Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . 84 - 86Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 - 83

UUsage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58, 64, 85User WaypointManagement. . . . . . . . . . 8, 39, 55, 65

Delete. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Edit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

UTC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 58, 85

VVOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

WWaypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 3, 86

Airport Information. . . . . . . . . 66Arrival . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Arrival Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Arrival Alerts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Available Information. . . . . . . 66Creating User Waypoints. . . . . 28Database. . . . . . . . . . . 16, 66 - 68Database Structure. . . . . . . . . . 66Destination. . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 71Destination Information. . . . . . 29Direct. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71, 74Getting Information. . . . . . . . . 73Information. . . . . . . . . 27, 29 - 30Intersection Information. . . . . 68NDB Information. . . . . . . . . . . 67Nearest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82, 85Nearest WaypointInformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Nearest Waypoint Search. . . . 27User Information. . . . . . . . . . . 68User WaypointManagement. . . . . . . . 29, 39, 55VOR Information. . . . . . . . . . . 67

Waypoint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 3, 86Creating User Waypoints. . 24, 28

Waypoint Identifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Precedus Features• User adjustable character size on the

Moving Map

• Customizable Navigation pages

• Extensive built-in database including:Public-Use airports, VORs, NDBs,Intersections, runway diagrams,waypoint information, andU.S./Canada GPS overlay approachwaypoints

Segmented special use airspace(U.S. Class B and C; MOAs;Restricted, Prohibited, Warning,Alert, Caution, Danger, and Trainingarea; International Class B and D,CTAs and TMAs.

Frequencies for approach, tower,ground, ATIS, UNICOM, CTAF, etc.

Automatic Approach Monitor;displays GPS overlay approachwaypoints

Runway centerline extensions

Airport City Search• 1,000 User-programmable waypoints

• Countdown Timer

• GOTO (Direct-to-Waypoint) function

• Nearest Waypoint Search by Navaidtype (airport, VOR, NDB, INT, User)

• Selectable modes optimized for youruse:

Aviation

Simulator

Land Mobile

Hiking

Survey• E6B Calculator functions for: calculated

and true airspeed, true air temp, densityaltitude, indicated altitude, barometricpressure, heading, head wind, winddirection, and wind speed

• Graphic display of GPS satellite locationand signal quality

• Parallel Track

• Remote waypoint search

• Differential GPS input

• Automatic and manual magneticvariation

• Internal/External antenna

• InterfacesNMEA 0183

RS-232 compatible with aviationmoving maps and radar

PC (up/downloading database, userwaypoints, and routes

RTCM SC-104 (differential GPS)and more...

Technical SpecificationsDisplay: 80 x 160 pixel (12,800) LCD withelectroluminescent backlighting

Viewing area: 1.57 x 2.93 inches

Size: 2.2 inches w x 7.5 inches h x 1.5inches deep

Weight: 17 ounces

Power: Internal, rechargeable 6.2 voltbattery (standard P110 NEC-type cellphone)

Battery Life: 4 hours typical

External: 10-32 VDC

Environmental:

Operating Temperature - -10° C to +60° C

Storage Temperature - -40° C to +70° C

Humidity - 50°C at 95%

Altitude - 40,000 feet

GPS Performance:

GPS Receiver: 8-Channel parallel

Frequency: 1575.42 MHz L1 C/A code

Horizontal Accuracy: 15 meters RMS (100meters 2 DRMS w/SA

DGPS Accuracy: 1-5 meters typical

Vertical Accuracy: 156 meters 2DRMSw/SA

Velocity: 600 knots

Time to first fix: 20 seconds

Reacquisition: 2.5 seconds

Position Update: 1 second

Standard AccessoriesRechargeable battery

A/C adapter

Yoke Mount

Antenna Extension Cable

User Guide

Quick Reference Guide

Leather case

Optional AccessoriesBallistic nylon carrying case

High capacity rechargeable battery

Desktop battery charger and conditioner

Serial Interface/Waypoint Manager software

Specifications subject to change without notice.

© 1997 by II Morrow Inc.

Printed in the U.S.A. All Rights Reserved.

© 1997 by II Morrow Inc.2345 Turner Road S.E.

U.S.A.

Phone (503) 581-81011-800-525-6726

In Canada 1-800-654-3415FAX (503) 364-2138

Part #560-0110-04Rev. A