Pre-Harvest Factors that Affect Quality of Melons - full ...
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PrePre--Harvest Factors that Harvest Factors that Affect Quality of Melons:Affect Quality of Melons:
Calcium
UV Reflective Mulch
Jorge M. FonsecaDecember 3, 2003
Western Vegetable QualityWestern Vegetable Quality
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SUMMARY
Overview General Information
Fall 2003 Experience: YumaCalcium
UV Reflective Mulch
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MUSKMELON QUALITYFirms, well netted, well formed
USDA grade 1: 8% Sugar (10 Brix best)
~15 days shelf life at 36-41 oF.
4.4-2.6 lbs
Strong orange for most muskmelon cv.
High levels of Vit. C and B carotene
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QUALITY AT HARVEST
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QUALITY AT HARVEST
Last two weeks are critical
Good leaf condition (no disease)
Good supply of Mg
No excessive irrigation or rainfall
Harvested at one-half to full slip
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CALCIUM: BACKGROUNDWork of Gene Lester
Four applications AA-Ca chelate or Mannitol-Ca complex
Honeydew: Fruit firmness increased, same Brix
Cantaloupes: Same firmness and Brix. Firmness was higher during storage
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CALCIUM FACTOR
Essential in cell division and elongation
Fruit Growth!
Primary building block for cell wall
Exchange balance of other nutrients
Decrease permeability to Sodium
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1st Study: Yuma-Fall 03
Four applications after flowering
Quality: At harvest, fresh cuts
Gold Express
Impac
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Effect of Calcium on Quality
Treatments
CaCl2: 0, 30, 60 mM
(CaNo3)2: 0, 30,60 mM
NaCl: 0, 50, 100 mM (solution)
Nutri-Cal
CAN-17
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Effect of Calcium Application on Effect of Calcium Application on Soluble Solids Soluble Solids ------Gold ExpressGold Express
9
10
11
12
13
14
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
oB
rix
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Effect of Calcium Application on Effect of Calcium Application on Diameter and Resistance to Diameter and Resistance to Penetration Penetration ------cvcv. Gold Express. Gold Express
No differences*
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8090
100110120
130140
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Yie
ld (
lbs)
Effect of Calcium Application on Effect of Calcium Application on YieldYield------Gold ExpressGold Express
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Effect of Calcium Application on Effect of Calcium Application on Juice Leakage of Fresh Cuts, 5 d Juice Leakage of Fresh Cuts, 5 d after processingafter processing------Gold ExpressGold Express
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Juic
e le
akag
e (m
l/kg
) 0% NaCl
Nutrical
CAN 17
CaCl 30 CaCl 60 CaNO3 30 CaNO3 60
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FUTURE WORK
Environment Effect
Other Interactions:Titanium
Humic Acid
More on Fresh Cuts and other melons
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UV REFLECTIVE MULCHUV REFLECTIVE MULCH
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UV REFLECTIVE MULCH:
Effect on No. of Fruits
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Reflective Control
No. Fruits / 10 plants
1 6
1 8
2 0
2 2
2 4
LSD = 0.998
Effect of UV Reflective Mulch on Number of Fruits
in Muskmelon Plants
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OTHER WORKS
Hymenopteran insects were found more in reflective mulch (Pereira et al., 2000).
Higher CO2 fixation (Ito et al., 1996)
100% increase in cantaloupe yield (Stapleton and Summer, 2000).
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UV REFLECTIVE MULCHUV REFLECTIVE MULCHThe effect of Reflective Mulching on yieldThe effect of Reflective Mulching on yield
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Weight (Lbs/10 plants)
Mulch Control
LSD= 3.32
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UV REFLECTIVE MULCHUV REFLECTIVE MULCHThe effect of Reflective Mulching on fruit The effect of Reflective Mulching on fruit weightweight
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
Weight (Lbs/fruit)
Mulch Control
LSD= 0.15
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UV REFLECTIVE MULCHUV REFLECTIVE MULCHThe effect of The effect of JasmonicJasmonic acid applied before acid applied before transplanting on early floweringtransplanting on early flowering
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Mulch No-Mulch
No. Flowers after 9 d transpl. (in 10
plants)
JasmonicNo-Jasmonic
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FUTURE WORK
Confirm 1st year results
Evaluate effect on shelf life
Evaluate water usage
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Western Vegetable QualityWestern Vegetable Qualityhttp://cals.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/
WestVegWestVeg NewsNews: Electronic Newsletter
jfonsecajfonseca@ @ ag.arizona.eduag.arizona.edu