Practice Exam - Chris Rogers.pdf

7/23/2019 Practice Exam - Chris Rogers.pdf

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1. Which of the following signaling pathways is responsible for the proliferation of stem cells

within the intestinal crypts?

a. GnRH

b. Wnt

c. FSH

d. LHe. Shh

2. The cell in the following slide is taken from the bone marrow, and is a representation of which

progenitor cell type?

a. Basophilic metamyelocyte

b. Neutrophilic metamyelocyte

c. Eosinophilic metamyelocyte

d. Neutrophilic myelocyte

e. Neutrophil band

3. Which of the following cell types represents a multipotent stem cell?

a. ICM cell of the blastocyst

b. Morula cell

c. Myeloid cell

d. Hematopoietic cell

e. Promyelocyte



4. The following cell indicated by the arrow is an example of which type of leukocyte?

a. Basophil

b. Neutrophil

c. Eosinophil

d. Eosinophilic metamyelocyte

e. Mast cell

5. Terminally differentiated cells can be induced to become pluripotent by exposing them to Oct

3, Oct 4, Klf 4, and ____?

a. Sox2

b. Wnt

c. Shh

d. Ras

e. Src

6. The first differentiation that T cells undergo in the Thymus results in the survival of cells that

express what receptor(s)?

a. TCR only

b. TCR/CD8 or CD4

c. TCR/CD8 and CD4

d. TCR/CD8 only

e. TCR/CD4 only



7. The cell indicated by the arrow is an example of which type of leukocyte?

a. Neutrophil

b. Eosinophil

c. Mast cell

d. Lymphocyte

e. Basophil

8. The adenohypophysis is derived from which embryonic tissue?

a. Neural tube

b. Nasal placodes

c. Oral cavity

d. Olfactory epithelium

e. Occipital somites

9. Vitamin D3 is converted to 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in which organ tissue?

a. Proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney

b. Keratinocytes of the skinc. Zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland

d. Zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland

e. Hepatocytes of the liver



10. The following cells are found in which organ tissue?

a. Adrenal medulla

b. Neurohypophysis

c. Renal cortex

d. Thymus

e. Adenohypophysis

11. The following slide is an example of which organ tissue

a. Lymph node

b. Ovary

c. Nonencapsulated lymphatic tissue

d. Spleen

e. Adrenal gland



12. What is the structure indicated by the arrow?

a. Proximal convoluted tubule

b. Macula densa

c. Juxtaglomerular apparatus

d. Distal convoluted tubule

e. Collecting tubule

13. Under the influence of PTH-lp, which cells secrete leptin to activate surfactant secretion from

Type II alveolar cells?

a. Endothelial cells

b. Type I alveolar cells

c. Macrophages

d. Clara cells

e. Fibroblasts



14. What is the function of the cells within the red border?

a. Sodium concentration monitoring

b. Water reabsorption

c. Renin secretion

d. Glucose reabsorptione. Conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I



15. The cell at the end of the arrow would be responsible for what hormone-induced effect?

a. Osteoclast formation

b. Sodium reabsorption

c. Increased basal metabolism

d. Decreased serum calcium levelse. Increased serum calcium levels

16. Microscopic examination of a section of a normal young adult ovary reveals large numbers

of unusually large cells surrounded by a single layer of flat epithelial cells. What phase of the

cell cycle are these cells arrested in?

a. Prophase of meiosis II

b. Prophase of mitosis

c. Metaphase of mitosis

d. Diplotene of meiosis II

e. Diplotene of meiosis I



17. All the following are true about the cellular region indicated by the region EXCEPT:

a. The cells are held together by desmosomes

b. Melanocyte cell bodies are found in this regionc. The cells are actively dividing

d. The cells produce lamellar granules with high lipid content

e. Produce stiff keratins that attach to desmosomes



18. What is the function of the structure indicated by the arrow?

\

a. Maintain the proliferative phase of the uterus

b. Nothing; corpus albicans

c. Secrete glucagon

d. Maintain the secretory phase of the uterus

e. Secrete FSH



19. What is the function of the structure indicated by the arrow?

a. Transport of erythrocytes

b. Secretion of bile

c. Secretion of Glucagond. Detoxifying blood

e. Sensing concentrations of sodium



20. The cell indicated by the arrow is responsible for the secretion of which of the following

substances?

a. Prolactin

b. Pepsinogen

c. Angiotensinogen

d. Glucagone. Growth Hormone



21. The following slide shows structures found in which of the following organs?

a. Kidney

b. Spleen

c. Lymph node

d. Colon

e. Ileum



22. What type of structure is indicated by the arrow?

a. Sebaceous gland

b. Eccrine gland

c. Apocrine gland

d. Islet of Langerhans

e. Serous gland

23. Under the influence of testosterone, which of the following cells found in the seminiferous

tubule secretes TGF-?

a. Leydig cells

b. Peritubular cells

c. Germ cells

d. Myoepithelial cells

e. Sertoli cells



24. What type of cell is indicated by the arrow labeled “2” in the following slide?

a. Macrophage

b. Type I alveolar cell

c. Type II alveolar celld. Endothelial cell

e. Fibroblast



25. Which of the following cell zones would be most affected by jager bombs on an empty

stomach?

a. Zone 2

b. Zone 1

c. Zone 3d. Why would you even do that

e. Jager bombs are for undergraduates who don’t know any better



26. The arrow in the following slide is pointing to an example of what structure?

a. Capillary

b. Distal convoluted tubule

c. Proximal convoluted tubule

d. Macula densa

e. Thin loop of Henle



27. The structure indicated by the arrow is typical of which organ tissue?

a. Pancreas

b. Sublingual gland

c. Parotid gland

d. Submandibular glande. Adrenal medulla



28. The structure indicated by the arrow is responsible for the release of what hormone?

a. ACTH

b. FSH

c. ADH

d. GH

e. TSH

29. What is the function of an Alpha-intercalated cell within the collecting tubule?

a. Moves H+ from filtrate to blood

b. Moves bicarbonate from blood into filtrate

c. Moves H+from blood to filtrate

d. Secretes renin

e. Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II

30. What is the function of Clara cells within the respiratory system?a. Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II

b. Converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

c. Secretes aldosterone

d. Acts as Stem cells in the bronchioles

e. Initiates the cough reflex



31. The structures indicated by the arrows are responsible for what?

a. Differentiation of T cells

b. Nothing; prostatic concretions

c. Secretion of Growth hormone

d. Sensing deep pressure

e. Secretion of Glucagon



32. The cell cluster indicated by the arrow are induced to secrete their product through the

action of which hormone?

a. ACTH

b. LH

c. TSH

d. FSH

e. Testosterone



33. The following slide depicts which uterine phase?

a. Menstrual

b. Proliferative

c. Follicular

d. Regenerative

e. Secretory



34. The organ tissue depicted in the following slide is responsible for which action?

a. Supplying 70% of ejaculate

b. Guiding the ovulated ovum to the uterus

c. Reabsorbing glucose from the filtrate

d. Final stages of sperm maturation to become functional

e. Reabsorbing sodium under the influence of Aldosterone



35. The cell indicated by the arrow is an example of what type of cell?

a. Cardiac muscle cell

b. Purkinje fiber cell

c. Myoepithelial cell

d. Skeletal muscle cell

e. Smooth muscle cell



36. What organ tissue is depicted in the following slide?

a. Proximal bronchioles

b. Trachea

c. Bronchi

d. Cribriform plate

e. Nasal cartilage



37. What is the cell type indicated by the arrow in the following slide?

a. Peritubular cell

b. Syncytiotrophoblast

c. Trophoblast

d. Capillary endothelial celle. Goblet cell



38. The structure indicated by the arrow is responsible for what process?

a. T cell differentiation

b. Filtrate formation

c. Nothing; prostatic concretions

d. Thyroid hormone production

e. Deep pressure sensation



39. The cell indicated by the arrow is a representation of which stage of spermatogenesis?

a. Spermatogonia

b. Primary Spermatocyte

c. Early spermatid

d. Late spermatid

e. Spermatozoa



40. The cell indicated by the arrow would be most directly affected by which hormone?

a. ADH

b. Angiotensin I

c. Renin

d. Epinephrine

e. ACTH



41. The cell indicated by the arrow secretes its product by what mechanism?

a. Merocrine

b. Apocrine

c. Holocrine

d. Merocrine and Apocrine

e. Merocrine and Holocrine



42. The following slide shows a representation of tissue structure found in which organ?

a. Colon

b. Appendix

c. Duodenum

d. Jejunum

e. Ileum



43. What division of the respiratory tract is indicated by the arrow?

a. Proximal bronchiole

b. Distal bronchiole

c. Transitional bronchiole

d. Respiratory bronchiole

e. Terminal bronchiole



44. What is most likely occurring within the indicated structures?

a. T cell proliferation

b. T cell differentiation

c. B cell proliferation

d. Hormone secretion

e. Apoptosis



45. What organ structure is depicted in the following slide?

a. Uterine tube

b. Ureter

c. Uterus

d. Bladder

e. Appendix



46. The cell indicated by the arrow is an example of which type of progenitor cell?

a. Basophilic metamyelocyte

b. Neutrophilic myelocyte

c. Eosinophilic metamyelocyte

d. Promyelocyte

e. Eosinophilic myelocyte



47. The cells indicated by the arrow are found in which organ tissue?

a. Adenohypophysis

b. Neurohypophysis

c. Adrenal medulla

d. Renal medulla

e. Pancreas



48. What organ tissue is represented by the following slide?

a. Esophagus

b. Vagina

c. Bronchiole

d. Bronchi

e. Tongue



49. The blood vessel indicated by the arrow is an example of what type of artery?

a. Small artery

b. Muscular artery

c. Arteriole

d. Metarteriole

e. Elastic artery



50. The following slide shows an example of what type of blood vessel?

a. Large vein

b. Medium vein

c. Small vein

d. Muscular artery

e. Elastic artery



51. What phase of folliculogenesis is depicted by the arrow?

a. Primary follicle

b. Primordial follicle

c. Secondary follicle

d. Tertiary follicle

e. Graafian follicle



52. The following slide depicts epithelium from which organ?

a. Esophagus

b. Vagina

c. Cervix

d. Cheek

e. Thin skin



53. The following slide shows an example of what tissue?

a. Esophagus

b. Vaginal epithelium

c. Muscular artery

d. Elastic arterye. Vena cava



54. The leukocyte indicated by the arrow is found in a peripheral blood smear, and would most

likely mature into which cell type?

a. Mast cell

b. Plasma cell

c. CD8 T cell

d. Macrophage

e. Chuck Testa



55. The following slide shows a representation of tissue structure found in which organ?

a. Ileum

b. Jejunumc. Stomach

d. Colon

e. Duodenum



56. The cell indicated by the arrow is an example of what type of leukocyte?

a. B lymphocyte

b. Basophilic erythroblast

c. Basophil

d. Eosinophil

e. Neutrophil



57. Which of the following hormones act upon the organ shown?

a. CCK

b. Estrogen

c. Testosterone

d. ACTH

e. Prolactin



58. What organ tissue is depicted by the slide?

a. Seminal vesicle

b. Epididymis

c. Fimbria oviduct

d. Collecting tubules

e. Terminal bronchiole



59. The cells indicated by the arrow would most likely be involved in what process?

a. Absorption of B12

b. Secretion of mucus

c. Secretion of HCl

d. Secretion of Pepsinogen

e. Secretion of gastrin



60. The cell progenitor indicated in the following slide is an example of which cell type?

a. Promyelocyte

b. Neutrophil Metamyelocyte

c. Basophil Metamyelocyte

d. Eosinophil Myelocyte

e. Neutrophil Band



61. What organ is represented in the following slide?

a. Jejunum

b. Esophagus

c. Ileumd. Colon

e. Duodenum

Practice Exam - Chris Rogers.pdf

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