Maryland Bankruptcy Basics: Common Questions, Practical Answers
Practical Plate Answers
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Transcript of Practical Plate Answers
Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining TechnologyWorld Centre for Materials Joining Technology
CSWIP 3.1 Welding InspectionCSWIP 3.1 Welding Inspection
TWI Training & Examination TWI Training & Examination ServicesServices
Practical Plate InspectionPractical Plate Inspection
Course Reference WIS 5
Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining TechnologyWorld Centre for Materials Joining Technology
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Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining TechnologyWorld Centre for Materials Joining Technology
I C Plenty001
EXAMPLE WELD INSPECTION REPORT/SENTENCE EXAMPLE WELD INSPECTION REPORT/SENTENCE SHEETSHEET
SPECIMEN NUMBER
EXTERNAL DEFECTSEXTERNAL DEFECTS Defects Defects NotedNoted
Code or Specification ReferenceCode or Specification Reference
Defect TypeDefect Type Pipe/Plate Pipe/Plate SectionSection
11
AccumulativeAccumulativeTotalTotal
22
MaximuMaximumm
AllowancAllowancee33
Section/Section/Table NTable Noo
44
Accept/RejectAccept/Reject55
Excess weld metal heightExcess weld metal height 1515
Excess weld metal appearanceExcess weld metal appearance A-CA-C Poor blendPoor blend SmoothSmooth 88 RejectReject
Incomplete fillingIncomplete filling A-CA-C 22mm22mm NoneNone 55 RejectReject
Inadequate weld width (PIPE)Inadequate weld width (PIPE) A-CA-C N/AN/A ------------------------ -------------------- AcceptAccept
Slag InclusionsSlag Inclusions A-CA-C 70mm long70mm long 50mm50mm 99 RejectReject
UndercutUndercut A-CA-C 1.5mm depth1.5mm depth 1mm1mm 66 RejectReject
Surface PorositySurface Porosity A-CA-C 1.5mm 1.5mm 1mm1mm 22 RejectReject
Cracks/Crack-like defectsCracks/Crack-like defects A-CA-C 40mm40mm NONENONE 11 Reject*Reject*
Lack of fusionLack of fusion A-CA-C 22mm22mm NONENONE 33 RejectReject
Arc strikesArc strikes A-CA-C 33 NONENONE 77 Reject***Reject***
Mechanical damageMechanical damage A-CA-C NONENONE ------------------------ ---------------------- AcceptAccept
Laps/LaminationsLaps/Laminations A-CA-C NONENONE ------------------------ ---------------------- AcceptAccept
Misalignment (Linear)Misalignment (Linear) A-CA-C 2mm2mm 2mm2mm 1515 AcceptAccept
Longitudinal seams (PIPE)Longitudinal seams (PIPE) A-CA-C N/AN/A ------------------------ -------------------- AcceptAccept
PRINT FULL NAME
A-C 4mm 2mm Reject
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Signature......................................................... Date.....................................................................................*Delete which is not applicable. Use the other side for any comments.
This *pipe/plate has been examined to the requirements of code/specification .........................................and is accepted/rejected accordingly.
TWI-N/WIS-PI
22nd August 2003I C Plenty
MisalignmentMisalignment A-CA-C 2mm2mm 2mm2mm 99 AcceptAccept
Excessive Root PenetrationExcessive Root Penetration A-CA-C 4mm4mm 2mm2mm 1515 RejectReject
Incomplete Root PenetrationIncomplete Root Penetration A-CA-C 50mm50mm NONENONE 1313 RejectReject
Lack of Root FusionLack of Root Fusion A-CA-C 20mm20mm NONENONE 1111 RejectReject
Root ConcavityRoot Concavity A-CA-C 2mm depth2mm depth 1mm1mm 1010 RejectReject
Root UndercutRoot Undercut A-CA-C NONENONE ------------------------ -------------------- AcceptAccept
Cracks/Crack-like defectsCracks/Crack-like defects A-CA-C NONENONE ------------------------ -------------------- AcceptAccept
Slag inclusionsSlag inclusions A-CA-C NONENONE ------------------------ 99 AcceptAccept
PorosityPorosity A-CA-C NONENONE ------------------------ 22 AcceptAccept
Laps/LaminationsLaps/Laminations A-CA-C NONENONE ------------------------ -------------------- AcceptAccept
Root DefectsRoot Defects
Comments:* Request MPI testing to confirm crack and length.** Large amount of spatter on weld face. Recommend this is removed and re
inspected.*** Recommend arc strikes are ground flush prior to MPI testing for cracks.
Copyright © 2006, TWI Ltd World Centre for Materials Joining TechnologyWorld Centre for Materials Joining Technology
NoNo ImperfectionImperfection CommentsComments AllowanceAllowance
11 CracksCracks All types of cracksAll types of cracks Not permittedNot permitted
22 Porosity/Gas Porosity/Gas pores/elongatedpores/elongated
Gas cavities (wormholes) Gas cavities (wormholes) pipespipes
ClusterCluster Max dimension of Max dimension of areaarea
Single poreSingle pore Max dimension Max dimension
L = 13mm MaxL = 13mm MaxL = 1mm MaxL = 1mm Max
33 Solid InclusionsSolid Inclusions Non metallic. Individual sizeNon metallic. Individual size Maximum 1mmMaximum 1mm
44 Solid InclusionsSolid Inclusions Metallic. Individual sizeMetallic. Individual size Not permittedNot permitted
55 Lack of FusionLack of Fusion Side wall/Root/Inter-runSide wall/Root/Inter-run Not permittedNot permitted
66 Incomplete Root Incomplete Root PenetrationPenetration
Not permittedNot permitted
77 Overlap/Cold lapOverlap/Cold lap Weld face/RootWeld face/Root Not permittedNot permitted
88 Incompletely filled grooveIncompletely filled groove Not permittedNot permitted
99 Linear MisalignmentLinear Misalignment 0.2t Maximum 4mm0.2t Maximum 4mm
1010 Angular MisalignmentAngular Misalignment Maximum 10ºMaximum 10º
1111 UndercutUndercut Smoothly blended Smoothly blended 10%t Maximum d 1mm 10%t Maximum d 1mm
1212 Arc StrikesArc Strikes Area to be tested by MPIArea to be tested by MPI Seek adviceSeek advice
1313 LaminationsLaminations Not permittedNot permitted
1414 Mechanical DamageMechanical Damage Not permittedNot permitted
1515 Cap HeightCap Height Shall fall below plate surfaceShall fall below plate surface 0 –3mm h Maximum0 –3mm h Maximum
1616 Penetration BeadPenetration Bead 0 –2mm h Maximum0 –2mm h Maximum
1717 Toe BlendToe Blend SmoothSmooth
1818 SpatterSpatter Clean & Re-inspectClean & Re-inspect Refer to manufacturerRefer to manufacturer
1919 Weld AppearanceWeld Appearance All runs shall blend smoothlyAll runs shall blend smoothly RegularRegular
2020 Root concavityRoot concavity 10%t Maximum10%t Maximum
Inspection Practice Specification Inspection Practice Specification Number Number TWI 09-09-03 TWI 09-09-03 All dimensions are given in mmAll dimensions are given in mm
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Plate Sample 6A CapPlate Sample 6A Cap
Cap Undercut Intermittent
Cap Undercut Intermittent
Slag Inclusion
Arc Strike
Porosity Lack of fusion
Cap Undercut Intermittent
Arc Strike
Incomplete Filled Groove
Note: spatter and surface slag requires removal, arc strikes require blending and crack detection
??
????
??
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??
??
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Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
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Plate Sample 6A RootPlate Sample 6A Root
Excess Penetration
Lack of Root Fusion
Excess Penetration
Gas Pore
Root Undercut
Linear Misalignment
Surface Slag
Note: Spatter and surface slag require removal
??
?? ??
??
??
??
??
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
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Plate Sample 6B CapPlate Sample 6B Cap
Lack of Sidewall Fusion
Incomplete Filled Groove
Overlap and Excess Cap Height Full Weld Length
Surface Slag
Porosity Lack of Sidewall Fusion
Note: Surface slag requires removal and poor toe blending full weld length
??
??
??
??
????
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
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Lack of Root Fusion
Plate Sample 6B RootPlate Sample 6B Root
Lack of Root Fusion
Crater Pipe
??
??
??Lack of Root Penetration
??
Slag Inclusion??
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
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Longitudinal Crack
Surface slag & Spatter
Plate Sample 6C CapPlate Sample 6C Cap
Cap Undercut
Incomplete Filled Groove + Lack of Sidewall Fusion
Slag InclusionIncomplete Filled Groove + Lack of
Sidewall Fusion + Cap Undercut Intermittent
Note: Spatter and surface slag requires removal
??
??
??
??
??
??
Welding Process FCAWWelding Process FCAW
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Plate Sample 6C RootPlate Sample 6C Root
Lack of Root Fusion
Burn Through
Excess Penetration
Lack of Root Fusion
Poor Stop/Start + Lack of Root Penetration
Mechanical Damage
??
????
??
??
??
Welding Process FCAWWelding Process FCAW
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Cap Undercut
Cap Undercut
Excess Cap Height
Plate Sample 6D CapPlate Sample 6D Cap
Porosity
Lack of Sidewall Fusion
Incomplete Filled Groove
Overlap between Capping Passes
?? ??
??
??
??
????
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Note: Excess cap height and poor cap profile throughout.
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Plate Sample 6D RootPlate Sample 6D Root
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Lack of Root Fusion
Mechanical Damage
Lack of Root Fusion
??
??
??
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Plate Sample 6E CapPlate Sample 6E Cap
Lack of Sidewall Fusion
Cap Undercut Intermittent
Excess Cap Height
Incomplete Filled Groove
Cap Undercut Intermittent
Incomplete Filled Groove
????
??
??
????
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
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Plate Sample 6E RootPlate Sample 6E Root
Lack of Root Fusion
Excess Root Penetration
Poor Stop/Start + Crater Pipe
Excess Root Penetration
Lack of Root Fusion
Crater Pipe Lack of Root fusion
Root Undercut
????
????
??
??
??
??
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
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Plate Sample 6F CapPlate Sample 6F Cap
Poor Toe Blend
Lack of Sidewall fusion
Mechanical Damage
Lack of Sidewall Fusion + Incomplete Filled Groove
Arc StrikesTack Weld
Note: Arc strikes require blending and crack detection
??
??
?? ??
?? ??
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
??Crater pipe
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Plate Sample 6F RootPlate Sample 6F Root
Lack of Root Fusion
Arc Strikes
Poor Stop/Start + Lack of Root Penetration + Crater Pipe
Mechanical Damage + Lack of Root Fusion
Arc Strikes
Arc Strikes
Lack of Root Fusion
Blow Hole
Lack of Root Fusion
????
??
????
?? ??
??
??
Note: Arc strikes require blending and crack detection
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
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Plate Sample 6G CapPlate Sample 6G Cap
Poor Toe Blend + Excess Cap Height
Arc Strikes
Porosity
Lack of Sidewall Fusion + Incomplete Filled Groove
Arc StrikesParent Material Damage
Note: Arc strikes require blending and crack detection, Seek advise on parent material damage
??
??
??
??
????
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
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Linear Misalignment
Plate Sample 6G RootPlate Sample 6G Root
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Plate corrosion
Lack of Root Fusion
Poor Stop/Start
Surface Slag
???? ??
??
??
Note: Surface slag requires removal, plate corrosion requires wire brushing
Parent material gas cavities??
Crater pipe?? Surface slag??
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Plate Sample 6H CapPlate Sample 6H Cap
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Cap Undercut Intermittent
Incomplete Filled Groove
Arc Strikes
Arc StrikesArc Strikes Slag Inclusion
Cap Undercut
Arc Strikes
Arc Strikes
Note: Parent plate damage throughout, seek advice. Arc strikes require blending and crack detection.
????
?? ??
?? ??
??
??
??
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Plate Sample 6H RootPlate Sample 6H Root
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Crater pipe??
Poor stop/startLack of root fusion
Arc strikes
??Lack of root fusion
Excessive root penetration
Arc strikes????
??
??
Note: Arc strikes require blending and crack detection, Seek advise on parent material damage
Linear misalignment + lack of root fusion??
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Plate Sample 6I CapPlate Sample 6I Cap
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Cap undercut
Poor toe blend full weld length
SpatterArc strikes?? ??
??
??
Note: Arc strikes require blending and crack detection. Spatter requires removal.
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Plate Sample 6I RootPlate Sample 6I Root
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Linear misalignment??
??Lack of root penetration
??Mechanical damage
??Lack of root penetration
??Burn through
??Lack of root fusion
??Poor stop/start ??Arc strike
??Lack of root fusion + poor stop/start
Note: Arc strikes require blending and crack detection, Seek advise on parent material damage
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Plate Sample 6J CapPlate Sample 6J Cap
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Suspect crater cracking
??Cap undercut
Cap undercut??
??Arc strikes ??Cap undercut
Cap undercut intermittent??
Porosity??
Note: Material damage throughout, seek advice. Arc strikes require blending and crack detection.
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Plate Sample 6J RootPlate Sample 6J Root
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Mechanical damage
Linear misalignment + lack of root fusion
Lack of root fusion
Lack of root penetration
Linear misalignment + lack of root fusion
??
??
??
??
??
Note: Material damage seek advice on course of action.
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Plate Sample T4 CapPlate Sample T4 Cap
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Mechanical damage
Cap undercut Cap undercut
Spatter/irregular cap profile
??
??
?? ??
Note: Grinding marks throughout seek advice on course of action.
Excess cap height and poor cap profile throughout.
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Plate Sample T4 RootPlate Sample T4 Root
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Root undercut intermittent
Ground flush root
Lack of penetration intermittent
Arc strike
??
??
??
??
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Plate Sample H8 CapPlate Sample H8 Cap
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Arc strikesMechanical
damage
Mechanical damage
Cap undercut intermittent
Cap undercut intermittent
Surface slag
?? ??
??
??
????
Note: Mechanical damage seek advice on course of action.Excess cap height and poor cap profile throughout. Arc
strikes require blending and crack detection.
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Plate Sample H8 RootPlate Sample H8 Root
Welding Process MMA (SMAW)Welding Process MMA (SMAW)
Arc strike
Spatter
Lack of root fusion
Lack of root fusion
Root undercut intermittent
Lack of root fusion
Lack of root fusion
Spatter
??
??
?? ??
??
????
??
Note: Arc strikes require blending and crack detection. Spatter requires removal
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Any QuestionsAny Questions
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