Dimitri Vanoverbeke

Practical MySQL Performance Optimization

www.percona.com 2

Contents of the presentation

How do we approach performance optimisations

Discuss practical optimisation tips.

What tools exist?

www.percona.com 3

MySQL performance

MySQL Performance

does not Matter

www.percona.com 4

What matters?

My Website/App is

important

www.percona.com 5

Things to Note

Performance issues can be unrelated to MySQL

Maybe the solution is not MySQL

www.percona.com 6

Many other tools

Cassandra MongoDB Hadoop ElasticSearch Redis

www.percona.com 7

Putting it in Practice

Keep an unbiased view

Focus on the Stack

www.percona.com 8

Performance “sandbags”

Security

Manageability

Compatibility

Compliance

Ease of use by developers

www.percona.com 9

“Good Enough”

KNOW WHEN TO

STOP

www.percona.com 10

So what is important in MySQL?

Queries!!!!

•  Inserts •  Selects •  Updates •  Deletes

www.percona.com 11

What are we aiming for?

Quickly, Efficiently, Reliably…

www.percona.com 12

Quickly

Good Response Time

For all Users and Use Cases

www.percona.com 13

Efficiency

Resources

CPU, Memory, IO, Disk Space

Dollars

Human Effort

www.percona.com 14

Reliably

High Availability!

High Availability and Performance Come together

www.percona.com 15

Consider things for queries

•  But avoid focus on extreme outliers

Look beyond averages

•  Daily and Weekly cycle •  Growth of load and Data Size

Make sure to look at trends

over time

•  Data size changes? Think about the Future

www.percona.com 16

Schema

Look at the Schema and queries together

•  Minor Schema changes •  Data Architecture

www.percona.com 17

Schema Tips

Learn indexing •  http://bit.ly/1rAtamE

Design Schema for Data access •  Rethink your schema

Technical voodoo •  Partitioning and Sharding •  Normalization and denormalization

www.percona.com 18

Other Performance influences

Infrastructure •  Storage systems, virtualization, etc.

Operating system and configuration •  Disk scheduler, FS, etc…

MySQL Version •  Are you using Percona Server, MariaDB, MySQL?

MySQL configuration •  The default configuration of Hell…

www.percona.com 19

Optimization Process

Low Hanging Fruit

•  MySQL Configuration

•  OS settings •  Indexes •  Caching

Medium Level

•  InfraStructure •  MySQL

Version

Hard Changes

•  Major schema changes

•  Application architecture changes

www.percona.com 20

QUICK TIPS

www.percona.com 21

Hardware

CPU

Memory

Disk

Network

www.percona.com 22

OS choices are simple

Linux

Server Grade

Recent

Well supporting MySQL

www.percona.com 23

OS tuning

Defaults are good for Common workload

Filesystem: EXT4 or XFS

More details: http://bit.ly/MySQLonLinux

www.percona.com 24

MySQL Version

New versions typically improve performance

Scalability, improved optimizer

Expect some regression

Try maybe a different flavor? Percona Server 5.6

www.percona.com 25

MySQL config optimisations

Do NOT run with defaults

Do not ever obsess with tuning

More details: http://bit.ly/1vth5Cu

www.percona.com 26

MySQL tuning in 1 slide

•  max_connections •  log_bin •  innodb_buffer_pool_size •  innodb_log_file_size •  innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit •  innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT

www.percona.com 27

TOOLS

www.percona.com 28

Tools to Consider

•  pt-query-digest (Percona Toolkit) •  MySQL Enterprise Monitor •  Monyog •  VividCortex •  Percona Cloud Tools (Free Beta)

•  http://cloud.percona.com

www.percona.com 29

pt-query-digest

Command Line tool from Percona Toolkit

Process Logs Manualy

Powerful Filtering

Storing History

www.percona.com 30

pt-query-digest example

www.percona.com 31

Top Queries

www.percona.com 32

Query Details

www.percona.com 33

More Query Details

www.percona.com 34

Percona Cloud Tools

www.percona.com 35

Query Profile

www.percona.com 36

Query Details

www.percona.com 37

Graphs!

www.percona.com 38

Different Stats and Metrics

www.percona.com 39

Process Support

Discover New Queries in the Application

Mark them as “Needing Attention” or “Reviewed”

Tag queries with information about application or user facing function

Discuss it with the team and record changes using Comments

www.percona.com 40

Choose Queries

www.percona.com 41

Review and Comment

www.percona.com 42

Where to Analyze ?

• Development to catch bad queries early

• Production to catch good queries starting to go bad

Both !

www.percona.com 43

Query Performance can show modifying parameters

Workload Changes

Data Size

Changing Query Plans

Upgrading MySQL Version

Changing MySQL Settings

Hardware Changes

www.percona.com 44

But Why Slow ?

• MySQL Level • OS Level • Hardware/Environment Level

Need to know more than query

level information

www.percona.com 45

“Metrics”

System and MySQL Information

Hundreds of metrics captured

1 second resolution capture

Real-Time Graphs Update

www.percona.com 46

Design

Graphs != Data

Can plot metrics you have available when you need it

Graphite + Ease of Use

www.percona.com 47

MySQL Level

www.percona.com 48

Beyond Average

www.percona.com 49

System Information

www.percona.com 50

Zoom In as Needed

www.percona.com 51

More To Come

Active Development in Progress

Try it out, its free http://cloud.percona.com

Let us know what you think!

www.percona.com 52

FINAL WORDS

www.percona.com 53 www.percona.com

Dim0 Dimitri.vanoverbeke@percona.com

Thank You!