Business Prospects in Business Prospects in

Agri Biopesticides and Agri Biopesticides and

BiofertilizersBiofertilizersBy ,By ,

Prabuddh Mishra Prabuddh Mishra

Consultant ( BD II ) Consultant ( BD II )

National Research Development Corporation National Research Development Corporation

Team NRDC Presentation SeriesTeam NRDC Presentation Series

Board Room, NRDC, New DelhiBoard Room, NRDC, New Delhi

Dated 08 July 2009Dated 08 July 2009

Prabuddh Mishra

ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

�� Commercialization of Agri biotechnologiesCommercialization of Agri biotechnologies

�� Evaluation of R&D Files from AgricultureEvaluation of R&D Files from Agriculture

Companies Companies

�� Feasibility report Feasibility report

�� Desk research for new technologies Desk research for new technologies

�� Proposals and technical reports Proposals and technical reports

Prabuddh Mishra

Methodologies in Business Methodologies in Business

DevelopmentDevelopment

�� Understanding the technology in commercial Understanding the technology in commercial

parameters.parameters.

�� Desk research for new technologies Desk research for new technologies

�� Desk research for business prospects for a Desk research for business prospects for a

particular technologyparticular technology

�� Make pre feasibility report Make pre feasibility report Prabuddh Mishra

Lessons learnedLessons learned

�� Be patientBe patient

�� Make and maintain personal contacts with companies Make and maintain personal contacts with companies ––large and smalllarge and small

�� Set up open communicationsSet up open communications

�� DonDon’’t fall in love with the technologyt fall in love with the technology

�� Offer solutions not technologiesOffer solutions not technologies

�� Work on multiple projects simultaneouslyWork on multiple projects simultaneously

�� Keep new projects in the Keep new projects in the ““pipelinepipeline””

Prabuddh Mishra

Agri Biotech era includes Agri Biotech era includes

following technologies following technologies �� Biofertilizers Biofertilizers

�� BiopesticidesBiopesticides

�� GMOS ( Seeds ) GMOS ( Seeds )

�� Plant Tissue Culture Plant Tissue Culture

�� Plant Based PhytoPlant Based Phyto--chemicals chemicals

�� Algae Farming Algae Farming

�� Mushroom Farming Mushroom Farming

�� Animal /Plant ( ELISA KITS) Animal /Plant ( ELISA KITS)

�� Biofuels Biofuels

Prabuddh Mishra

Biofertilizers Biofertilizers

�� The term Biofertilizer is made up of two words . The term Biofertilizer is made up of two words . ““BioBio”” means living , and means living , and ““FertilizerFertilizer”” means a means a product which provides nutrients in usable form product which provides nutrients in usable form

�� It contains mainly bacterial or fungal cells , It contains mainly bacterial or fungal cells , which on application help in fixing or which on application help in fixing or solubilizing the nutrients presents in air or in soil solubilizing the nutrients presents in air or in soil

�� Biofertilizer and Organic manure are different Biofertilizer and Organic manure are different things things

Prabuddh Mishra

Present and last Nine year Present and last Nine year

Biofertilizer Production in IndiaBiofertilizer Production in India

02000400060008000

100001200014000160001800020000

1992-93

1993-94

1994-95

1995-96

1996-97

1997-98

1998-99

2001-02

2003-04

Capacity Production

�� Source :Source :

National Biofertilizer Development Centre Ghaziabad . National Biofertilizer Development Centre Ghaziabad .

Prabuddh Mishra

Zone wise Biofertilizer production Zone wise Biofertilizer production

and consumption during 2005and consumption during 2005--06 06

�� Source :Source :

National Biofertilizer Development Centre Ghaziabad . National Biofertilizer Development Centre Ghaziabad .

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

East West North South

Production

Consumption

Prabuddh Mishra

Future Prospects BiofertilizersFuture Prospects Biofertilizers

�� BCIL estimates about 344,800 tones of biofertilizers need in BCIL estimates about 344,800 tones of biofertilizers need in India but production capacity is only 18,000 tonesIndia but production capacity is only 18,000 tones

�� Product quality should be good as end consumers are farmers Product quality should be good as end consumers are farmers

�� Organic farming is growing now days , so itOrganic farming is growing now days , so it’’s a good demand in s a good demand in this field , the present organically produced fruits and vegetabthis field , the present organically produced fruits and vegetables les are at the global level is valued at $ 27 million . are at the global level is valued at $ 27 million .

�� Indian biofertilizer companies are exporting 60 % of there Indian biofertilizer companies are exporting 60 % of there product and rest of 40 % is consume in India product and rest of 40 % is consume in India

�� Farmers in USA and Europe are well aware of BiofertilizerFarmers in USA and Europe are well aware of Biofertilizer

Prabuddh Mishra

BiopesticidesBiopesticides

�� Biopesticides are naturally occurring substances that control peBiopesticides are naturally occurring substances that control pests sts (biochemical pesticides), microorganisms that control pests (biochemical pesticides), microorganisms that control pests (microbial pesticides), and pesticidal substances produced by pl(microbial pesticides), and pesticidal substances produced by plants ants containing added genetic material (plantcontaining added genetic material (plant--incorporated protectants) incorporated protectants) also know as PIPsalso know as PIPs

�� Biopesticides, particularly microbial Biopesticides, have virtuaBiopesticides, particularly microbial Biopesticides, have virtually all lly all the health safety and environmental properties that one would dethe health safety and environmental properties that one would desire sire in a pesticidein a pesticide

�� Microbial insecticides are come fromMicrobial insecticides are come from naturallynaturally--occurring bacteria, occurring bacteria, fungi, viruses.fungi, viruses.

Prabuddh Mishra

Biopesticides and their usesBiopesticides and their usesBiopesticide Type

Source Nature Nature Used against Crops benefited

Natural product

Plants –Neem Vitex Garlic

Biochemicals Antifeedant, Growth regulation, oviposition and mating. disruption

Insect pest Horticultural, plantation and plain crops

Microbials Bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) B.sphaericus, ,

Infection Insect pests

Pseudomonas Antibiosis Disease

Virus Nuclear Polyhedrosis Viruses, GV,

Infection resulting in epizootics

Insect pest

Fungi Beauveria, Metarhizium, Paecilomyces, Nomuraea

Infection resulting in epizootics

Insect pests

TrichodermaGliocladium

Antagonism and Antibiosis Fungal disease of plants

Protozoa Nosema, Thelohania, Vairimorpha

Epizootics Insect pests.

Pheromones

:

Pheromones Biochemicals Mating disruption, lure and kill, or insect monitoring strategies

Insect pest

Genes or Plant-pesticide :

Desired genes from a known source

Biochemicals Confer tolerance of herbicide application or resistance to attack by viruses or insects

Insect pest and disease

Prabuddh Mishra

Agriculture Agriculture -- The Changing facetsThe Changing facets

�� Past : Origin of Agriculture, Pesticides and Chemicalisation Past : Origin of Agriculture, Pesticides and Chemicalisation –– A HistoryA History

�� Present : It has become customary out of necessity Present : It has become customary out of necessity conceived through individual thoughts to talk about conceived through individual thoughts to talk about hazardous nature of chemical usage in agriculture and hazardous nature of chemical usage in agriculture and compare it with biologicals as if the later have no illcompare it with biologicals as if the later have no ill--effect effect ––A viewA view

�� Future : It was therefore thought fit at this juncture when Future : It was therefore thought fit at this juncture when agriculture stands in the cross roads of chemicals and agriculture stands in the cross roads of chemicals and biologicals to talk about a synergy of both biologicals to talk about a synergy of both –– A conceptA concept

Prabuddh Mishra

Availability of Biopesticides Availability of Biopesticides

�� About 680 products of different microbials are About 680 products of different microbials are currently available worldwidecurrently available worldwide

�� In India about 16 commercial preparations of Bt ( In India about 16 commercial preparations of Bt ( Bacillus thuringiensis) , 38 fungal formulations based Bacillus thuringiensis) , 38 fungal formulations based on Trichoderma,Metarhizium,Beauveria and about 45 on Trichoderma,Metarhizium,Beauveria and about 45 baculovirusbaculovirus--based formulations of Helicoverpa and based formulations of Helicoverpa and spodoptera are available spodoptera are available

�� Microbial biopesticide are likely to replace at least 20 % Microbial biopesticide are likely to replace at least 20 % of chemical pesticides of chemical pesticides

Source Source ––DBT ,DelhiDBT ,Delhi

Prabuddh Mishra

Future business prospects Future business prospects --

BiopesticidesBiopesticides

�� In India , the annual estimate damage ( 20%In India , the annual estimate damage ( 20%--30%) 30%) caused by pests ,diseases and weeds in various crops in caused by pests ,diseases and weeds in various crops in the field and stored grains was Rs. 60the field and stored grains was Rs. 60--70 billion in 1983 70 billion in 1983 ..

�� The present price estimates is around 600 billion The present price estimates is around 600 billion

�� ThatThat’’s why in 2005 ,pesticides worth Rs 27 billion were s why in 2005 ,pesticides worth Rs 27 billion were used in India used in India

�� Biopesticides are likely have a greater impact on the Biopesticides are likely have a greater impact on the insecticide sector . insecticide sector .

Source Source ––DBT ,DelhiDBT ,Delhi

Prabuddh Mishra

Cont.1Cont.1

�� Some analyst believe that Biopesticides will account for Some analyst believe that Biopesticides will account for

15 % of the total insecticide market by 2010 .15 % of the total insecticide market by 2010 .

�� There is a growing demand for organically cultivated There is a growing demand for organically cultivated

fresh and process fruits and vegetables .fresh and process fruits and vegetables .

�� The current consumption of organically produced fruits The current consumption of organically produced fruits

and vegetables at the global level is valued at Rs 27 and vegetables at the global level is valued at Rs 27

billion .billion .

Source Source ––DBT ,DelhiDBT ,Delhi

Prabuddh Mishra

Cont.2Cont.2

�� The APEDA ( Agricultural Produces Export The APEDA ( Agricultural Produces Export Development Agency ) of the Union Commerce Development Agency ) of the Union Commerce Ministry had proposed to export organic food at a value Ministry had proposed to export organic food at a value of Rs 1500 billion annually during eleventh five year of Rs 1500 billion annually during eleventh five year planplan

�� This would require enormous efforts to produce and This would require enormous efforts to produce and use Biopesticides in the context of Integrated Pest use Biopesticides in the context of Integrated Pest Management .Management .

�� The growth rate of Biopesticides for the next ten years The growth rate of Biopesticides for the next ten years has been forecast at 10% to 15 % in contrast to 2.5 % has been forecast at 10% to 15 % in contrast to 2.5 % for chemical pesticidesfor chemical pesticides

Source Source –– DBT ,Delhi DBT ,Delhi Prabuddh Mishra

GMOs ( Seeds ) GMOs ( Seeds )

�� Genetic Modified Organism ( GMO) is that in which Genetic Modified Organism ( GMO) is that in which

the basic genetic material ( DNA) has been artificially the basic genetic material ( DNA) has been artificially

altered or modified to improve the attributes or make altered or modified to improve the attributes or make

it perform new functions it perform new functions

�� Transgenic crops ( GMOs) really plays vital role to Transgenic crops ( GMOs) really plays vital role to

sustain in tough climatic conditions like limited water , sustain in tough climatic conditions like limited water ,

poor land condition ,drought ,heat and saline soil poor land condition ,drought ,heat and saline soil

conditions .conditions .

�� Bt cotton minimizes the use of chemical pesticides . Bt cotton minimizes the use of chemical pesticides .

Prabuddh Mishra

Potential benefits of Transgenic Potential benefits of Transgenic

Crops Crops

Pest Resistance

Herbicide Resistance

Stress (Cold/drought)

Tolerance

Delayed ripening

Increased Nutrition

Plant Pharmaceuticals

Potential Benefits

Improved

Farming

Cheaper Food

More Food

Availability of

more crops

Better quality

Products

Improvement

In Health

Reduced use of

Chemicals & HerbicidesPrabuddh Mishra

Global Transgenic Scenario Global Transgenic Scenario

�� After successful implementation of bt gene in cotton , After successful implementation of bt gene in cotton ,

now days Seed companies are ready to launch Bt Brinjal now days Seed companies are ready to launch Bt Brinjal

,Bt Cabbage and bt cauliflower .,Bt Cabbage and bt cauliflower .

�� This is again very helpful in minimizing use of chemical This is again very helpful in minimizing use of chemical

pesticides in vegetables.pesticides in vegetables.

�� They are also involve in molecular marker based They are also involve in molecular marker based

breeding in crops to achieve traits like salt tolerance breeding in crops to achieve traits like salt tolerance

,draught tolerance , anti allergic etc instead of existing ,draught tolerance , anti allergic etc instead of existing

methods of field based conventional plant breeding methods of field based conventional plant breeding

Prabuddh Mishra

Prabuddh Mishra

Prabuddh Mishra

GMOs in USAGMOs in USA

Source Source –– Wikipedia Wikipedia Prabuddh Mishra

Prabuddh Mishra

Biofuels Biofuels

�� Fossil fuels are depleting day by day andFossil fuels are depleting day by day and

are expected to finish in 2035are expected to finish in 2035

( Global report by NREL)( Global report by NREL)

�� Global warming and Climate change.Global warming and Climate change.

�� India imports about 74% of liquid fuelsIndia imports about 74% of liquid fuels

�� To make India independent in liquid fuelsTo make India independent in liquid fuels

Prabuddh Mishra

Types of Biofuels Types of Biofuels

�� Biodiesel Biodiesel

�� Bioethanol Bioethanol

�� BiogasBiogas

�� Jet fuel Jet fuel

�� BioBio--WaxWax

�� Coal Bricks based on Husk Coal Bricks based on Husk

�� Syn gas from Biogasifires Syn gas from Biogasifires

�� Biocells Biocells

Prabuddh Mishra

Research Scenario in Biofuel Research Scenario in Biofuel

segment segment

�� Algae based Biodiesel and Jet fuel Algae based Biodiesel and Jet fuel

�� Biorefinary Biorefinary

�� Cellulosic Bioethanol and BiobutanolCellulosic Bioethanol and Biobutanol

�� Biogas production from Jatropha seed cake Biogas production from Jatropha seed cake

�� Other Phytochemicals which are useful in Other Phytochemicals which are useful in

pharmaceuticals industry . pharmaceuticals industry .

Prabuddh Mishra

Biorefinary (Technology Base ) Biorefinary (Technology Base )

Petroleum RefineriesPetroleum Refineries

�� a. Distillationa. Distillation

�� b. Thermo chemicalb. Thermo chemical

�� c. Processc. Process

�� d. Inorganic catalystd. Inorganic catalyst

BiorefinaryBiorefinary

�� a. Biomass fractionationa. Biomass fractionation

�� b. Industrialb. Industrial

�� BiotechnologyBiotechnology

�� c. Fermentationc. Fermentation

�� d. Enzymes d. Enzymes

(Biocatalysts)(Biocatalysts)

Prabuddh Mishra

Biorefinary productsBiorefinary products

�� Cellulosic bioethanolCellulosic bioethanol

�� BiodieselBiodiesel

�� BiogasBiogas

�� SyngasSyngas

�� Organic manureOrganic manure

�� Jet Jet biofuelbiofuel

�� BiplasticsBiplastics

�� Fine and bulk Fine and bulk

chemicalschemicals

�� Oleo chemicalsOleo chemicals

�� BiowaxBiowax

�� Glycerin Glycerin

Prabuddh Mishra

Algae Farming Algae Farming

�� Now days Algae also have many business prospects .Now days Algae also have many business prospects .Prabuddh Mishra

Cont.Cont.

�� We can also make biofertilizer from Blue Green We can also make biofertilizer from Blue Green

AlgaeAlgae ..

�� Some companies are involve in making oleo Some companies are involve in making oleo

chemicals from algae which have pharmaceutical chemicals from algae which have pharmaceutical

value in international marketvalue in international market

�� As a Nutraceutical product spirulina and As a Nutraceutical product spirulina and

chlorella are cultivating commercially by big chlorella are cultivating commercially by big

players .players .

Prabuddh Mishra

Plant based Phytochemicals Plant based Phytochemicals

�� These are the chemicals derived from plants .These are the chemicals derived from plants .

�� They have wide applications like bioThey have wide applications like bio--pesticides , pesticides ,

larvicide's , medicines etc . larvicide's , medicines etc .

�� They are decomposable , so very good for environment They are decomposable , so very good for environment

..

�� Recently we have a Plant based Mosquito Larvacide Recently we have a Plant based Mosquito Larvacide

technology from IARI ,Delhi . technology from IARI ,Delhi .

Prabuddh Mishra

NRDC Role in Agri BiotechnologiesNRDC Role in Agri Biotechnologies

�� We are promoting these green technologies in We are promoting these green technologies in

India for the welfare of society . India for the welfare of society .

�� Recently we have given project to NICD,Delhi Recently we have given project to NICD,Delhi

and IARI Pusa to generate bioand IARI Pusa to generate bio--efficacy data for efficacy data for

Neema Gel and Plant Based Larvacide Neema Gel and Plant Based Larvacide

technology .technology .

�� We are always looking for new biotechnologies We are always looking for new biotechnologies

to improve agriculture in India .to improve agriculture in India .

Prabuddh Mishra

AchievementsAchievements

�� Recently we have successfully transfer Mosquito Recently we have successfully transfer Mosquito

proof Desert Cooler Technology to five proof Desert Cooler Technology to five

companies . companies .

�� We are in talk with Agro Chemicals Policy group We are in talk with Agro Chemicals Policy group

to implement Biofertilizer and Biopesticides in to implement Biofertilizer and Biopesticides in

chemical manufacturing companies . chemical manufacturing companies .

�� Some Biofuels based companies also shown Some Biofuels based companies also shown

their keen interest in green technologies .their keen interest in green technologies .

Prabuddh Mishra

THANKS THANKS ……

In case of any queries In case of any queries

please contact please contact ––

pmishra@nrdc.inpmishra@nrdc.in

Prabuddh Mishra