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Aerial Lift Safety

Recommended Facilitator Notes: (read the following text out-loud to participants while showing this slide)

Welcome to your Aerial Lift Safety presentation. This presentation has been specifically developed for employees who operate aerial lifts as part of their job duties. Please make sure you are in a comfortable setting and able to concentrate as we work our way through this presentation.

Learning Objectives

Objectives:

Learn standard operating procedures applicable to aerial liftsOSHA regulations pertaining to aerial lifts


We have very specific learning objectives for you during this presentation.At the conclusion of this presentation, you will:Be familiar with standard operating procedures applicable to aerial lifts, andUnderstand the OSHA regulations pertaining to aerial lifts.

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Agenda

Agenda:

Standard Operating Procedures for Aerial LiftsOSHA Fact Sheet for Aerial Lifts


Our presentation today will involve the following agenda:Section One will discuss Standard Operating Procedures for Aerial Lifts.Section Two will review the OSHA Fact Sheet for Aerial Lifts.

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Standard Operating Procedures for Aerial Lifts

Section 1


Section 1 will cover the Standard Operating Procedures for Aerial Lifts.

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Aerial Lifts

ANSI standard definition includes:

Extensible boom platformsAerial laddersArticulating boom platformsVertical towersA combination of any of the aboveScissor lifts do not fall withinany of these categories


The OSHA standard applicable to aerial lifts used in construction is found at 29 CFR 1926.453. That standard incorporates by reference the definition of aerial lifts used in the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) A92.2-1969 standard. Therefore, the requirements in 1926.453 apply to equipment identified in that 1969 ANSI consensus standard as aerial lifts. The ANSI standard definition includes the following vehicle-mounted elevating and rotating work platforms: "extensible boom platforms," "aerial ladders," "articulating boom platforms," "vertical towers," and "a combination of any of the above.Of note is that scissor lifts, including those with platforms that extend beyond the equipment's wheelbase, do not fall within any of these categories. Therefore, scissor lifts are not addressed by the aerial lift provisions of 1926.453.

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Characteristics of Aerial Lifts

Aerial equipment may be:

Made of metal, wood, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), or other materialPowered or manually operatedDeemed to be aerial lifts


Aerial equipment may be:Made of metal, wood, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), or other material; May be powered or manually operated; And are deemed to be aerial lifts whether or not they are capable of rotating about a substantially vertical axis.

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Modifications

Aerial lifts may be "field modified" for other uses if:

Modification has been certified in writing by the manufacturer or by any other equivalent entityConforms with all applicable provisions of ANSI A92.2-1969Modification is to be at least as safe as the equipment was before modification


Aerial lifts may be "field modified" for uses other than those intended by the manufacturer provided the modification has been certified in writing by the manufacturer or by any other equivalent entity, such as a nationally recognized testing laboratory, to be in conformity with all applicable provisions of ANSI A92.2-1969 and to be at least as safe as the equipment was before modification.

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Ladder and Tower Trucks

Requirement for ladder trucks and tower trucks:

Aerial ladders shall be secured in the lower traveling position by the locking device on top of the truck cab and the manually operated device at the base of the ladder before the truck is moved for highway travel


For ladder trucks and tower trucks, aerial ladders shall be secured in the lower traveling position by the locking device on top of the truck cab, and the manually operated device at the base of the ladder before the truck is moved for highway travel.

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Standard Operating Procedures

Standard operating procedures for extensible and articulating boom platforms:

Be familiar with the specific unit you are going to useFamiliarize yourself with the operating controls on each piece of equipment before putting it into use


The following slides will cover standard operating procedures for extensible and articulating boom platforms.The most important issue is to be familiar with the specific unit you are going to use. It is commonplace for this type of equipment to be rented for a particular job. This means you may be using a different piece of equipment on each job. It is vital that you familiarize yourself with the operating controls on that piece of equipment before putting it into use. Lets review operating procedures applicable to all types of aerial lifts.

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Authorized Operators

Only authorized persons shall operate an aerial lift:

Lift controls shall be tested each day prior to use to determine that such controls are in safe working condition


A strict policy should be established that only authorized persons shall operate an aerial lift.Lift controls shall be tested each day prior to use to determine that such controls are in safe working condition.

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Fall Protection

Employees shall stand firmly on the floor of the basket:

Shall not sit or climb on the edge of the basketShall not use planks, ladders, or other devices for a work positionWhile working in a bucket or basket, workers must wear fall protection equipment with the lanyard connected to an anchor point on the boom or bucket/basket


Belting off to an adjacent pole, structure, or equipment while working from an aerial lift shall not be permitted.Employees shall always stand firmly on the floor of the basket, and shall not sit or climb on the edge of the basket or use planks, ladders, or other devices for a work position.While working in a bucket or basket, workers must wear fall protection equipment with the lanyard connected to an anchor point on the boom or bucket/basket. Mechanical failures have resulted in buckets flipping or separating from the boom, causing workers to fall. Incidents also have occurred in which line trucks have been struck by passing vehicles, launching a worker out of the bucket.

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Load Capacity

Boom and basket load limits:

Shall not exceed manufacturer specified limits


Boom and basket load limits specified by the manufacturer shall not be exceeded.

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Positioning

The brakes shall be set and when outriggers are used:

Outriggers shall be positioned on pads or a solid surfaceWheel chocks shall be installed before using an aerial lift on an incline, provided they can be safely installed


The brakes shall be set and when outriggers are used, they shall be positioned on pads or a solid surface. Wheel chocks shall be installed before using an aerial lift on an incline, provided they can be safely installed.

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Movement

An aerial lift truck:

Shall not be moved when boom is elevated with men in the basket

Unless specifically designed for such operation


An aerial lift truck shall not be moved when the boom is elevated in a working position with men in the basket, except for equipment which is specifically designed for this type of operation.

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Controls

Articulating boom and extensible boom platforms shall have both platform (upper) and lower controls:

Upper controls shall be in or beside the platform within easy reach of the operatorLower controls shall provide for overriding the upper controlControls shall be plainly marked as to their functionLower level controls shall not be operated unless permission has been obtained from the employee in the lift, except in case of emergency


Articulating boom and extensible boom platforms, primarily designed as personnel carriers, shall have both platform (upper) and lower controls. Upper controls shall be in or beside the platform within easy reach of the operator. Lower controls shall provide for overriding the upper controls. Controls shall be plainly marked as to their function. Lower level controls shall not be operated unless permission has been obtained from the employee in the lift, except in case of emergency.

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Overhead Line Work

Requirements for aerial lift equipment commonly used in overhead line work:

When operating near energized lines or equipment, aerial lift equipment must maintain the minimum approach distance unless the insulated portion of the aerial lift is operated by a qualified employeeIf necessary, another worker must be a spotter for the operator to ensure the minimum approach distance is maintained


There are specific requirements for aerial lift equipment commonly used in overhead line work. Among these requirements are: When operating near energized lines or equipment, aerial lift equipment must maintain the minimum approach distance unless the insulated portion of the aerial lift is operated by a qualified employee. If necessary, another worker must be a spotter for the operator to ensure the minimum approach distance is maintained.

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Energized Lines

If the aerial lift could contact energized lines:

Energized lines exposed to contact must be covered with insulating protective material that will withstand the type of contact Aerial lift must be insulated, and uninsulated portions of the lifts must maintain the minimum approach distance from live partsAerial lift must also be positioned so that uninsulated portions of the lift cannot come within the minimum approach distance from the live partsWorkers must be protected


If the aerial lift could contact energized lines, then at least one of the following must be done:The energized lines exposed to contact must be covered with insulating protective material that will withstand the type of contact that might be made during the operation; orThe aerial lift must be insulated, and uninsulated portions of the lifts must maintain the minimum approach distance from live parts. The aerial lift must also be positioned so that uninsulated portions of the lift cannot come within the minimum approach distance from the live parts; orWorkers must be protected by implementing the requirements on the next slide.

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Worker Protection

Workers must be protected:

Each piece of equipment must be groundedEquipment must be bonded togetherGround mats must be used around equipment to extend the equipotential zoneInsulating protective equipment or barricades must be used around the equipotential zoneAn equipotential zone is a work zone in which the worker is protected from electric shock


Workers protection for work near energized lines includes implementing all of the following: Each piece of equipment (trucks, trailers, etc.) must be grounded;All pieces of equipment must be bonded together;Ground mats must be used around equipment to extend the equipotential zone; and Insulating protective equipment or barricades must be used around the equipotential zone.An equipotential zone is a work zone in which the worker is protected from electric shock from differences in electric potential between objects in the work area. These differences in potential can be caused by induced voltage, line reenergization, or lightning. The worker in an equipotential zone is protected from electric shock because there is a near identical state of electrical potential between any two points on the body.

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The OSHA Fact Sheet for Aerial Lifts

Section 2


Welcome to Section Two. In this section, we will cover the OSHA Fact Sheet on aerial lifts.

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OSHA Fact Sheet

The major causes of injuries/fatalities involving aerial lifts:

FallsElectrocutionsCollapses or tip-overs


In reviewing this fact sheet, we will repeat some of the most significant elements discussed in Section One. This is important to help ensure you are aware of the major hazards associated with aerial lift operation. The major causes of injuries and fatalities involving aerial lifts are falls, electrocutions, and collapses or tip-overs.

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Proper Training and Inspection

Ensure that workers who operate aerial lifts are properly trained:

Test the controls and inspect the aerial lift before use each dayMake sure that all controls are clearly marked as to their function


Ensure that workers who operate aerial lifts are properly trained in the safe use of the equipment. Test the controls and inspect the aerial lift before use each day. Make sure that all controls are clearly marked as to their function.

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Operate According to Instructions

Always stand firmly on the basket floor:

Do not sit or climb on the edge or rails of the basketNever use planks, boxes, or other items inside the basket to extend your reachNever override hydraulic, mechanical, or electrical safety devicesMaintain and operate aerial lifts according to the manufacturer's instructions


Never override hydraulic, mechanical, or electrical safety devices. Maintain and operate aerial lifts according to the manufacturer's instructions. Always stand firmly on the basket floor. Do not sit or climb on the edge or rails of the basket. Never use planks, boxes, or other items inside the basket to extend your reach.

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Positioning

Ensure that all wheels of an elevated lift are on a solid base:

Use outriggers, if providedSet the brakes and use wheel chocks when on an inclineDo not exceed the load limits of the equipmentAllow for the combined weight of the worker(s), tools, and materials


Ensure that all wheels of an elevated lift are on a solid base. Use outriggers, if provided. Set the brakes and use wheel chocks when on an incline. Do not exceed the load limits of the equipment. Allow for the combined weight of the worker(s), tools, and materials.

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Lockout/Tagout

De-energize and lockout/tagout aerial lifts before performing any maintenance or repairs.



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Working Near Power Lines

Any conductive object that can be contacted must be maintained at least 10 feet from overhead lines:

Conductive objects could be wires, transformers, ducts, pipes, or other equipmentMaintain a minimum clearance of at least 10 feet away from the nearest overhead lineAlways treat overhead lines as energized, even if they are down or appear to be insulated Never lose awareness of the overhead hazard


Maintain a minimum clearance of at least 10 feet away from the nearest overhead line. In addition, any conductive object that can be contacted must be maintained at least 10 feet from overhead lines. Conductive objects could be wires, transformers, ducts, pipes or other equipment. Always treat overhead lines as energized, even if they are down or appear to be insulated. (Qualified power line and communications workers and qualified line-clearance tree trimmers are trained to work closer than 10 feet to a power line.) Never lose awareness of the overhead hazard.

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Struck-by, Crushed-by, or Caught-in Hazards

Establish and clearly mark a danger zone:

Never move the equipment with workers in the elevated platformDo not allow workers to position themselves between overhead hazards, and the rails of the basket


Establish and clearly mark a danger zone around the aerial lift support vehicle. Never move the equipment with workers in the elevated platform unless the equipment has been specifically designed for this type of operation. Do not allow workers to position themselves between overhead hazards, such as joists and beams, and the rails of the basket. If the basket moves, the worker(s) could become trapped and crushed between the rails and the overhead object.

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Fall Protection

Do not allow workers to belt off to an adjacent pole, structure, or equipment while working from an aerial lift:

Use a body harness or positioning device with a lanyard attached to the boom or basket to prevent the worker from being ejected or pulled from the basket


Do not allow workers to belt off to an adjacent pole, structure, or equipment while working from an aerial lift. Use a body harness or positioning device with a lanyard attached to the boom or basket to prevent the worker from being ejected or pulled from the basket.

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Additional Information

Sources of more information:

OSHA Fact Sheet for Aerial Lifts http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/aerial_lifts.pdf

OSHA Quick Card for Aerial Liftshttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/aerial_lifts_safety.pdf


Here are sources of additional information on this topic for your continued learning.

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Welcome to your Aerial Lift Safety presentation. This presentation has been specifically developed for employees who operate aerial lifts as part of their job duties. Please make sure you are in a comfortable setting and able to concentrate as we work our way through this presentation.


We have very specific learning objectives for you during this presentation.At the conclusion of this presentation, you will:Be familiar with standard operating procedures applicable to aerial lifts, andUnderstand the OSHA regulations pertaining to aerial lifts.

*


Our presentation today will involve the following agenda:Section One will discuss Standard Operating Procedures for Aerial Lifts.Section Two will review the OSHA Fact Sheet for Aerial Lifts.

*


Section 1 will cover the Standard Operating Procedures for Aerial Lifts.

*


The OSHA standard applicable to aerial lifts used in construction is found at 29 CFR 1926.453. That standard incorporates by reference the definition of aerial lifts used in the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) A92.2-1969 standard. Therefore, the requirements in 1926.453 apply to equipment identified in that 1969 ANSI consensus standard as aerial lifts. The ANSI standard definition includes the following vehicle-mounted elevating and rotating work platforms: "extensible boom platforms," "aerial ladders," "articulating boom platforms," "vertical towers," and "a combination of any of the above.Of note is that scissor lifts, including those with platforms that extend beyond the equipment's wheelbase, do not fall within any of these categories. Therefore, scissor lifts are not addressed by the aerial lift provisions of 1926.453.

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Aerial equipment may be:Made of metal, wood, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), or other material; May be powered or manually operated; And are deemed to be aerial lifts whether or not they are capable of rotating about a substantially vertical axis.

*


Aerial lifts may be "field modified" for uses other than those intended by the manufacturer provided the modification has been certified in writing by the manufacturer or by any other equivalent entity, such as a nationally recognized testing laboratory, to be in conformity with all applicable provisions of ANSI A92.2-1969 and to be at least as safe as the equipment was before modification.

*


For ladder trucks and tower trucks, aerial ladders shall be secured in the lower traveling position by the locking device on top of the truck cab, and the manually operated device at the base of the ladder before the truck is moved for highway travel.

*


The following slides will cover standard operating procedures for extensible and articulating boom platforms.The most important issue is to be familiar with the specific unit you are going to use. It is commonplace for this type of equipment to be rented for a particular job. This means you may be using a different piece of equipment on each job. It is vital that you familiarize yourself with the operating controls on that piece of equipment before putting it into use. Lets review operating procedures applicable to all types of aerial lifts.

*


A strict policy should be established that only authorized persons shall operate an aerial lift.Lift controls shall be tested each day prior to use to determine that such controls are in safe working condition.

*


Belting off to an adjacent pole, structure, or equipment while working from an aerial lift shall not be permitted.Employees shall always stand firmly on the floor of the basket, and shall not sit or climb on the edge of the basket or use planks, ladders, or other devices for a work position.While working in a bucket or basket, workers must wear fall protection equipment with the lanyard connected to an anchor point on the boom or bucket/basket. Mechanical failures have resulted in buckets flipping or separating from the boom, causing workers to fall. Incidents also have occurred in which line trucks have been struck by passing vehicles, launching a worker out of the bucket.

*


Boom and basket load limits specified by the manufacturer shall not be exceeded.

*


The brakes shall be set and when outriggers are used, they shall be positioned on pads or a solid surface. Wheel chocks shall be installed before using an aerial lift on an incline, provided they can be safely installed.

*


An aerial lift truck shall not be moved when the boom is elevated in a working position with men in the basket, except for equipment which is specifically designed for this type of operation.

*


Articulating boom and extensible boom platforms, primarily designed as personnel carriers, shall have both platform (upper) and lower controls. Upper controls shall be in or beside the platform within easy reach of the operator. Lower controls shall provide for overriding the upper controls. Controls shall be plainly marked as to their function. Lower level controls shall not be operated unless permission has been obtained from the employee in the lift, except in case of emergency.

*


There are specific requirements for aerial lift equipment commonly used in overhead line work. Among these requirements are: When operating near energized lines or equipment, aerial lift equipment must maintain the minimum approach distance unless the insulated portion of the aerial lift is operated by a qualified employee. If necessary, another worker must be a spotter for the operator to ensure the minimum approach distance is maintained.

*


If the aerial lift could contact energized lines, then at least one of the following must be done:The energized lines exposed to contact must be covered with insulating protective material that will withstand the type of contact that might be made during the operation; orThe aerial lift must be insulated, and uninsulated portions of the lifts must maintain the minimum approach distance from live parts. The aerial lift must also be positioned so that uninsulated portions of the lift cannot come within the minimum approach distance from the live parts; orWorkers must be protected by implementing the requirements on the next slide.

*


Workers protection for work near energized lines includes implementing all of the following: Each piece of equipment (trucks, trailers, etc.) must be grounded;All pieces of equipment must be bonded together;Ground mats must be used around equipment to extend the equipotential zone; and Insulating protective equipment or barricades must be used around the equipotential zone.An equipotential zone is a work zone in which the worker is protected from electric shock from differences in electric potential between objects in the work area. These differences in potential can be caused by induced voltage, line reenergization, or lightning. The worker in an equipotential zone is protected from electric shock because there is a near identical state of electrical potential between any two points on the body.

*


Welcome to Section Two. In this section, we will cover the OSHA Fact Sheet on aerial lifts.

*


In reviewing this fact sheet, we will repeat some of the most significant elements discussed in Section One. This is important to help ensure you are aware of the major hazards associated with aerial lift operation. The major causes of injuries and fatalities involving aerial lifts are falls, electrocutions, and collapses or tip-overs.

*


Ensure that workers who operate aerial lifts are properly trained in the safe use of the equipment. Test the controls and inspect the aerial lift before use each day. Make sure that all controls are clearly marked as to their function.

*


Never override hydraulic, mechanical, or electrical safety devices. Maintain and operate aerial lifts according to the manufacturer's instructions. Always stand firmly on the basket floor. Do not sit or climb on the edge or rails of the basket. Never use planks, boxes, or other items inside the basket to extend your reach.

*


Ensure that all wheels of an elevated lift are on a solid base. Use outriggers, if provided. Set the brakes and use wheel chocks when on an incline. Do not exceed the load limits of the equipment. Allow for the combined weight of the worker(s), tools, and materials.

*



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Maintain a minimum clearance of at least 10 feet away from the nearest overhead line. In addition, any conductive object that can be contacted must be maintained at least 10 feet from overhead lines. Conductive objects could be wires, transformers, ducts, pipes or other equipment. Always treat overhead lines as energized, even if they are down or appear to be insulated. (Qualified power line and communications workers and qualified line-clearance tree trimmers are trained to work closer than 10 feet to a power line.) Never lose awareness of the overhead hazard.

*


Establish and clearly mark a danger zone around the aerial lift support vehicle. Never move the equipment with workers in the elevated platform unless the equipment has been specifically designed for this type of operation. Do not allow workers to position themselves between overhead hazards, such as joists and beams, and the rails of the basket. If the basket moves, the worker(s) could become trapped and crushed between the rails and the overhead object.

*


Do not allow workers to belt off to an adjacent pole, structure, or equipment while working from an aerial lift. Use a body harness or positioning device with a lanyard attached to the boom or basket to prevent the worker from being ejected or pulled from the basket.

*


Here are sources of additional information on this topic for your continued learning.

*

[PPT]Introduction to OSHA - fhmic.com · Web viewSection Two will review the OSHA Fact Sheet for...

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