PP_Community-Acquired Pneumonia
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S/Sx: cough, inflammation, fever, nausea & vomiting, rapid-shallow breathing, diaphoresis Predisposing Factors: Sex; Race; Age; Seasonal Trend Streptococcus pneumoniae Normal flora in the nasopharynx invades other organs Precipitating Factors: Lifestyle Environment Foreign bacteria inhaled from an infected carrier Bacteria pass through the lower respiratory tract Invasion into the lungs Adhesion to the endothelial cells of the alveoli Rapid replication of the bacteria due to virulence factors (presence of capsule polysaccharides causing resistance from phagocytes) Stimulation of inflammatory chemical mediators (cytokine, interleukin, histamine) Increased vascular permeability Increase secretion of fluids, RBCs, and neutrophils Arrival of inflammatory exudates Accumulation of WBCs & macrophages Purulent exudates remain COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA Complete regeneration of alveolar epithelium without residual scar formation GOOD PROGNOSIS Autolysis Decreased bacterial clearance Necrosis of lung parenchyma Release of pneumolysin, H 2 O 2 Cytotoxic effects Death of body’s normal cells Septic shock DEATH C O N G E S T I O N RED HEPATIZATION GRAY HEPATIZATION RESOLUTION S/Sx: ↑RBC & neutrophils S/Sx: ↑WBC count & (+) Pus Treatment: 1. Antibacterial drugs 2. Nebulization 3. O 2 administration 4. Mucolytics 5. Nasal decongestants
Transcript of PP_Community-Acquired Pneumonia
8/7/2019 PP_Community-Acquired Pneumonia
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S/Sx: cough,inflammation, fever,nausea & vomiting,rapid-shallowbreathing, diaphoresis
Predisposing Factors:Sex; Race; Age;Seasonal Trend
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Normal flora in the nasopharynx invades other organs
Precipitating Factors:Lifestyle
Environment
Foreign bacteria inhaled from an infected carrier
Bacteria pass through the lower respiratory tract
Invasion into the lungs
Adhesion to the endothelial cells of the alveoli
Rapid replication of the bacteria due to virulence factors(presence of capsule polysaccharides causing resistance from phagocytes)
Stimulation of inflammatory chemical mediators (cytokine, interleukin, histamine)
Increased vascular permeability
Increase secretion of fluids, RBCs, and neutrophils
Arrival of inflammatory exudates
Accumulation of WBCs & macrophages
Purulent exudates remain
COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA
Complete regeneration of alveolar epithelium without residual scar formation
GOOD PROGNOSIS
Autolysis
Decreased bacterialclearance
Necrosis of lungparenchyma
Release of pneumolysin, H
2O
2
Cytotoxic effects
Death of body’s normal cells
Septic shock
DEATH
CONGES
TI
ON
REDHEPATIZATION
GRAYHEPATIZATION
RESOLUTION
S/Sx:↑RBC &neutrophils
S/Sx:↑WBC count &(+) Pus
Treatment:1. Antibacterialdrugs2. Nebulization
3. O2 administration4. Mucolytics5. Nasaldecongestants
