Pp13 Khao Sat Ti Le So Mol Co2 Va h2o

download Pp13 Khao Sat Ti Le So Mol Co2 Va h2o

of 12

description

Mieu ta

Transcript of Pp13 Khao Sat Ti Le So Mol Co2 Va h2o

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    1

    Ph-ng php kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O I. C S CA PHNG PHP

    Cc hp cht hu c khi t chy thng cho sn phm CO2 v H2O. Da vo t l c bit ca

    2

    2

    CO

    H O

    n

    n hoc 2

    2

    CO

    H O

    V

    V trong cc bi ton t chy xc nh dy ng ng, cng thc phn t hoc tnh

    ton lng cht.

    1. Vi hydrocacbon

    Gi cng thc tng qut ca hidrocacbon l CnH2n+2-2k (k: Tng s lin kt v vng)

    CnH2n+2-2k + 3n 1 k

    2

    O2 nCO2 + (n + 1 k) H2O

    Ta c: 2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n n 1 k 1 k1

    n n n

    2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n1

    n (

    2 2H O COn n ) k = 0 hyrocacbon l ankan (paraffin)

    Cng thc tng qut l CnH2n+2

    2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n1

    n (

    2 2H O COn n ) k = 1

    hyrocacbon l anken (olefin) hoc xicliankan Cng thc tng qut l CnH2n

    2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n1

    n k < 1 hyrocacbon c tng s lin kt v vng 2

    * Mt s ch :

    a, Vi ankan (paraffin): ankann = 2H On - 2COn

    b, Vi ankin hoc ankaien): ankinn = 2COn - 2H On

    1. Vi cc hp cht c cha nhm chc

    a, Ancol, ete

    Gi cng thc ca ancol l : CnH2n + 2 2k m(OH)m hay CmH2n + 2 2kOm

    CnH2n+2-2kOm + 3n 1 k m

    2

    O2 nCO2 + (n + 1 k) H2O

    2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n n 1 k 1 k1 1

    n n n

    khi v ch khi k = 0

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    2

    Ancol no, mch h, c cng thc tng qut CnH2n+2Om v ancoln = 2H On - 2COn

    b, Anhit, xeton

    Gi cng thc ca anehit l : CnH2n + 2 2k m(CHO)m

    Ta c phng trnh t chy

    CnH2n + 2 2k m(CHO)m + 3n 1 k m

    2

    O2 (n + m)CO2 + (n + 1 k)H2O

    2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n n 1 k n 1 k

    n n m n m n m

    2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n1

    n (

    2 2H O COn n ) khi v ch khi k = 0 v m = 1 anehit no, n chc, mch h, cng

    thc tng qut l: CnH2n + 1CHO hay CxH2xO (x 1)

    Tng t ta c: 2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n1

    n (

    2 2H O COn n ) xeton no, n chc, mch h

    c, Axit, este

    Gi cng thc ca axit l: CnH2n + 2 2k m(COOH)m

    Ta c phng trnh t chy

    CnH2n + 2 2k m(COOH)m + 3n 1 k

    2

    O2 (n + m)CO2 + (n + 1 k)H2O

    2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n n 1 k n 1 k

    n n m n m n m

    2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n1

    n (

    2 2H O COn n ) khi v ch khi k = 0 v m = 1 axit no, n chc, mch h, cng thc

    tng qut l: CnH2n + 1COOH hay CxH2xO2 (x 1)

    Nhn thy: Cng thc tng qut ca axit v este trng nhau, nn: 2

    2

    H O

    CO

    n1

    n (

    2 2H O COn n ) este

    no, n chc, mch h, c cng thc tng qut l: CnH2n + 1COOH hay CxH2xO2 (x 2)

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    3

    II. CC DNG BI TP THNG GP

    Dng 1: Kho st t l s mol H2O v CO2 cho tng loi hirocacbon:

    V d 1. t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X thu c 0,11 mol CO2 v 0,132 mol H2O. Khi X tc

    dng vi kh Clo (theo t l s mol 1 : l) thu c mt sn phm hu c duy nht. Tn gi ca X l

    A. 2-metylbutan B. 2-metylpropan

    C. 2,2-imetylpropan D. etan

    Gii:

    OH2n > 2COn

    X l ankan, c cng thc tng qut CnH2n+2.

    nankan = OH2n - 2COn = 0,022 mol

    S nguyn t cacbon = 125HC5

    0,022

    0,11

    Mt khc, do tc dng vi kh Clo (theo t l s mol 1 : 1) thu c mt sn phm hu c duy nht nn

    cng thc cu to ca X l :

    CH3

    CH3 C CH3

    CH3

    p n C.

    V d 2. t chy hon ton hirocacbon mch h X bng O2 va . Dn ton b sn phm chy qua

    bnh ng H2SO4 c d, th th tch sn phm gim i mt na. X thuc dy ng ng

    A. anken. B. ankan.

    C. ankin. D. xicloankan.

    Gii:

    Sn phm chy l CO2 v H2O, khi i bnh ng H2SO4 c d, th th tch sn phm gim i mt na,

    2CO

    V OH2V

    X l anken hoc xicloankan.

    Do X c mch h

    X l anken

    p n A

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    4

    V d 3: Chia hn hp 2 ankin thnh 2 phn bng nhau:

    -Phn 1: em t chy hon ton thu c 1,76 gam CO2 v 0,54 gam H2O.

    -Phn 2: Dn qua dung dch Br2 d. Khi lng Br2 phn ng l:

    A. 2,8 gam B. 3,2 gam C. 6,4 gam D. 1,4 gam

    Gii:

    S mol ankin = 2CO

    n - OH2n =1,76 : 44 0,54 : 18 = 0,01 mol.

    S mol Br2 phn ng = 2nankin = 0,02 mol.

    Khi lng Br2 phn ng = 0,02.160 = 3,2 gam

    p n B.

    Dng 2: Kho st t l s mol H2O v CO2 cho hn hp hirocacbon:

    V d 4. t chy hon ton 2,24 lt (ktc) hn hp kh X gm: CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H8 v C4H10 thu

    c 6,16 gam CO2 v 4,14 gam H2O. S mol C2H4 trong hn hp X l

    A. 0,09. B. 0,01. C. 0,08. D. 0,02.

    Gii:

    Hn hp kh X gm anken (C2H4) v cc ankan, khi t chy ring tng loi hidrocacbon, ta c:

    Ankan: OH2n - 2COn = nankan

    Anken: OH2n - 2COn = 0

    S mol Ankan (X) = OH2n - 2COn = 4,14 : 18 - 6,16 : 44 = 0,09 mol

    S mol C2H4 = nX nankan = 2,24 : 22,4 0,09 = 0,01

    p n B.

    Dng 3: Kho st t l s mol H2O v CO2 cho tng loi dn xut hirocacbon:

    V d 5. t chy hon ton m gam mt ru X thu c 1,344 lt CO2 (ktc) v 1,44 gam H2O. X tc

    dng vi Na d cho kh H2 c s mol bng s mol ca X. Cng thc phn t ca X v gi tr m ln lt l

    A. C3H8O2 v 1,52. B. C4H10O2 v 7,28.

    C. C3H8O2 v 7,28. D. C3H8O3 v 1,52.

    Gii:

    Ta c: 2CO

    n = 1,344 : 22,4 = 0,06 mol; OH2n = 1,44 : 18 = 0,08 mol.

    2CO

    n < OH2n

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    5

    X l ru no, c cng thc tng qut CnH2n+2Om

    nX = OH2n - 2COn = 0,02

    S nguyn t cacbon = 302,0

    06,0

    n

    n

    X

    CO2

    V s mol kh H2 thu c bng ca X X cha 2 nhm -OH

    Cng thc phn t: C3H8O2 v m = 0,02. 76 = 1,52 gam

    p n A.

    V d 6. Hn hp X gm 2 cht hu c thuc cng dy ng ng. Phn t ca chng ch c mt loi

    nhm chc. Chia X lm 2 phn bng nhau.

    - Phn 1: em t chy hon ton ri cho ton b sn phm chy (ch c CO2 v hi H2O) ln lt qua

    bnh (l) ng dung dch H2SO4 c, bnh (2) ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thy khi lng bnh (l) tng

    2,16 gam, bnh (2) c 7 gam kt ta.

    - Phn 2: Cho tc dng ht vi Na d th th tch kh H2(ktc) thu c l bao nhiu?

    A. 2,24 lt. B. 0,224 lt. C. 0,56 lt. D. 1,12 lt

    Gii:

    V X tc dng vi Na gii phng H2 X l ru hoc axit.

    OH2n = 0,12 > OH2n = 0,07

    X gm 2 ru no. t cng thc tng qut 2 ru l CnH2n+2Om

    nX = OH2n - 2COn = 0,05 mol

    S nguyn t cacbon = 1,40,05

    0,07

    n

    n

    X

    CO2

    Ru th nht l: CH3OH

    X l 2 ru no n chc

    mol 0,025n2

    1n XH2

    V = 0,56 lt

    p n C.

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    6

    V d 7. t chy hon ton 1,46 gam hn hp 2 anehit mch h ng ng k tip thu c l,568 lt

    CO2 (ktc) v 1,26 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca hai anehit ln lt l

    A. HCHO v CH3CHO B. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO

    C. C2H5CHO v C3H7CHO D. C2H4CHO v C3H6CHO

    Gii:

    Ta thy:

    2COn = 1,568 : 22,4 = 0,07 mol.

    OH2n = 1,26 : 18 = 0,07 mol.

    V 2COn : OH2n = 1 : 1 nn 2 andehit l no n chc mch h.

    Gi cng thc chung ca 2 andehit l CHOHC 1n2n

    O1)Hn(1)COn(O

    2

    1n3 CHOHC 2221n2n

    a (n+1)a (n+1)a

    Do : 4/3n

    0,071)na(

    1,4630)na(14

    p n B.

    V d 8. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp X gm hai cht hu c ng ng lin tip, thu c

    3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2.7 gam H2O. S mol ca mi axit ln lt l:

    A. 0,04 v 0,06. B. 0,08 v 0,02.

    C. 0,05 v 0,05. D. 0,045 v 0,055.

    Gii:

    (mol) 0,1522,4

    3,36n

    18

    2,7n

    22 COOH X l hn hp hai axit no, n chc, mch h, c cng thc

    tng qut CnH2nO2

    S nguyn t cacbon trung bnh 5,11,0

    15,0

    n

    n

    X

    CO2 hai axit ln lt l HCOOH (a mol) v

    CH3COOH (b mol)

    0,05molba

    0,152ba

    0,1ba p n C

    V d 9. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm cc este no, n chc, mch h. Sn phm chy

    c dn vo bnh ng dung dch nc vi trong thy khi lng bnh tng 6,2 gam. S mol CO2 v

    H2O sinh ra ln lt l

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    7

    A. 0,1 v 0,1. B. 0,01 v 0,1.

    C. 0,1 v 0,01. D. 0,01 v 0,01.

    Gii:

    Khi lng bnh ng dung dch nc vi trung tng = OH2m + 2COm

    Mt khc X l hn hp este no, n chc, mch h 2CO

    n = OH2n = x

    x(44+18) = 6,2 x = 0,1 p n A.

    Dng 4: Kho st t l s mol H2O v CO2 cho hn hp dn xut hirocacbon

    V d 10. Hn hp X gm cc axit hu c no, n chc, mch h v este no, n chc, mch h. t

    chy hon ton m gam hn hp X bng mt lng oxi va . Ton b sn phm chy c dn chm

    qua dung dch H2SO4 c d thy khi lng bnh ng axit tng m gam v c 13,44 lt kh (ktc) thot

    ra. Gi tr ca m l

    A. 5,4 gam B. 7,2 gam. C. 10.8 gam. D. 14,4 gam.

    Gii:

    - Sn phm chy gm CO2 v H2O khi lng bnh ng dung dch H2SO4 c tng chnh l khi

    lng ca H2O b gi li

    - V X gm cc axit hu c no, n chc, mch h v este no, n chc, mch h.

    X c cng thc tng qut chung l CnH2nO2 v 2CO

    n = OH2n = 13,44 : 22,4 = 0,6 mol

    m= 0,6. 18 - 10,8 gam p n C.

    V d 11: Chia m gam X gm : CH3CHO, CH3COOH v CH3COOCH3 thnh hai phn bng nhau :

    - t chy hon ton phn 1 cn ti thiu 5,04 lt O2 (ktc), thu c 5,4 gam H2O.

    - Cho phn 2 tc dng ht vi H2 d (Ni, to ) c hn hp Y. t chy hon ton hn hp Y, thu c V

    lt CO2 (ktc).

    Gi tr ca m v V ln lt l

    A. 22,8 v 1,12. B. 22,8 v 6,72.

    C. 11,4 v 16,8. D. 11,4 v 6,72.

    Gii:

    - 3 cht trong X u l no, n chc, mch h, cng thc tng qut : CnH2nOm

    Khi t chy: 2CO

    n = OH2n = 5,4 : 18 = 0,3 mol

    lt 6,72 22,4 . 0,3V2CO

    X + O2 CO2 + H2O

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    8

    p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng:

    mX (mt phn) = 0,3(44 + 18) 5,04 : 22,4. 32 = 11,4 gam

    mX = 22,8 gam

    p n B.

    Dng 5: Kt hp kho st t l v mi lin h gia cc hp cht

    V d 12. Cho hn hp X gm hai anehit l ng ng k tip tc dng ht vi H2 d (Ni, to) thu c

    hn hp hai ancol n chc. t chy hon ton hn hp hai ancol ny thu c 11 gam CO2 v 6,3 gam

    H2O. Cng thc ca hai anehit l

    A. C2H3CHO, C3H5CHO B. C2H5CHO, C3H7CHO

    C. C3H5CHO, C4H7CHO D. CH3CHO, C2H5CHO

    Gii:

    Khi t chy ancol cho 0,3518

    6,3n

    2CO25,0

    44

    11n OH2

    2 ru l no, mch h

    nX = OH2n - 2COn = 0,1 S nguyn t cacbon = 5,21,0

    25,0

    n

    n

    X

    CO2

    hai ru l C2H5OH v C3H7OH hai anehit tng ng l CH3CHO v C2H5CHO p n D.

    V d 13. Hn hp X gm CH3COOH v C3H7OH vi t l mi 1: l. Chia X thnh hai phn:

    - t chy hon ton phn 1 thu c 2,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc).

    - em este ho hon ton phn 2 thu c este Y (gi s hiu sut phn ng t 100%). t chy hon

    ton Y th khi lng nc thu c l

    A. 1,8 gam. B. 2,7 gam. C. 3,6 gam. D. 0,9 gam.

    Gii:

    CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

    - Tng s mol cacbon trong hn hp X bng tng s mol cacbon c trong Y (Xem thm phng php bo

    ton nguyn t)

    Mt khc Y l este no, n chc, mch h, nn:

    khi t chy OH2n = 2COn = 2,24 : 22,4 = 0,1 mol OH2m = 1,8 gam

    p n A.

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    9

    III. BI TP T LUYN

    Cu 1 : t chy hai hirocacbon l ng ng lin tip c nhau ta thu c 7,02 gam H2O v 10,56 gam

    CO2. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l

    A. C2H4 v C3H6 B. CH4 v C2H6.

    C. C2H6 v C3H8 D. C2H2 v C3H4

    Cu 2 : t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X bng mt lng va oxi. Dn hn hp sn phm chy

    qua H2SO4 c th th tch kh gim hn mt na. X thuc dy ng ng

    A. ankan. B. anken. C. ankin. D. ankaien.

    Cu 3 : t chy hon ton hn hp hai hirocacbon c khi lng phn t hn km nhau 28 vC thu

    c 4,48 l CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon ln lt l

    A. C2H4 v C4H8 B. C2H2 v C4H6

    C. C3H4 v C5H8. D. CH4 v C3H8.

    Cu 4 : t chy hon ton hn hp X gm 2 hirocacbon mch h thu c 16,8 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v

    8,1 gam H2O. Hai hirocacbon trong hn hp X thuc dy ng ng no di y ?

    A. ankaien. B. ankin. C. aren. D. ankan.

    Cu 5 : t chy hon ton m gam hn hp gm mt ankan v mt anken. Cho sn phm chy ln lt i

    qua bnh (l) ng P2O5 d v bnh (2) ng KOH rn, d, sau th nghim thy khi lng bnh (1) tng

    4,14 gam, bnh (2) tng 6,16 gam. S mol ankan c trong hn hp l

    A. 0,06 mol. B. 0,09 mol. C. 0,03 mol. D. 0,045 mol.

    Cu 6 : Chia hn hp X gm hai ru n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng thnh hai phn bng nhau:

    - Phn 1 : em t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc)

    - Phn 2 : Thc hin phn ng tch nc hon ton vi H2SO4 c, 180oC thu c hn hp Y gm

    hai anken. t chy hon ton hn hp Y ri cho ton b sn phm chy i chm qua bnh ng dung

    dch nc vi trng d, kt thc th nghim thy khi lng bnh tng ln m gam. Gi tr ca m l

    A. 4,4. B. 1,8. C. 6,2. D. 10.

    Cu 7 : t chy hon ton hn hp hai ru n chc k tip trong dy ng ng thu c CO2 v hi

    nc c t l th tch 2CO

    V : OH2V = 7 : 10. Cng thc phn t ca hai ru ln rt l

    A. CH3OH v C2H5OH. B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH

    C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH D. C3H5OH v C4H7OH.

    Cu 8 : Khi thc hin phn ng tnh nc i vi ancol X, ch thu c mt anken duy nht. Oxi ho

    hon ton mt lng cht X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2O. S cng thc cu to ph hp

    vi X l

    A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    10

    Cu 9 : t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng thu c

    70,4 gam CO2 v 39,6 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l

    A. 3,32 gam B. 33,2 gam. C. 16,6 gam. D. 24,9 gam.

    Cu 10 : t chy hon ton mt ru X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th

    tch O2 cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c ( cng iu kin). Cng thc

    phn t ca X l

    A. C3H8O. B. C3H8O3 C. C3H4O. D. C3H8O2

    Cu 11 : Hn hp M gm 2 cht hu c X, Y k tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng phn t ca chng

    ch c mt loi nhm chc. t chy hon ton 1,29 gam hn hp M, cho ton b sn phm chy (ch c

    CO2 v H2O) vo bnh nc vi trong d thy khi lng bnh tng 4,17 gam v to ra 6,0 gam cht kt

    ta. Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l

    A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.

    C. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO. D. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2

    Cu 12 : Tch nc hon ton t hn hp X gm 2 ancol thu c c hn hp Y gm cc olefin. Nu

    t chy hon ton X th thu c 1,76 gam CO2. Khi t chy hon ton Y th tng khi lng nc v

    CO2 sinh ra l

    A. 1,76 gam. B. 2,76 gam. C. 2,48 gam. D. 2,94 gam.

    Cu 13 : t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu

    c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d) thu c

    cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y ln lt l

    A. C3H6O, C4H8O B. C2H6O, C3H8O

    C. C2H6O2, C3H8O2 D. C2H6O, CH4O

    Cu 14 : Khi t chy hon ton anehit no, n chc, mch h bng oxi th t l sn phm chy thu

    c l

    A. 1n

    n

    2

    2

    CO

    OH B. 1

    n

    n

    2

    2

    CO

    OH C. 1

    n

    n

    2

    2

    CO

    OH D.

    2

    1

    n

    n

    2

    2

    CO

    OH

    Cu 15 : t chy hn hp X gm cc ng ng ca anehit, thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. X

    l dy ng ng ca

    A. anehit no, n chc, mch h.

    B. anehit no, n chc, mch vng.

    C. anehit hai chc no, mch h.

    D. anehit cha no (c mt lin kt i), n chc.

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    11

    Cu 16 : t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h thu c

    0,4 mol CO2. Mt khc hiro ho hon ton m gam X cn va 0,2 mol H2 (Ni, to), sau phn ng thu

    c hn hp hai ancol. t chy hon ton hn hn hai ancol ny th s mol H2O thu c l bao nhiu

    A. 0,3 mol B. 0,4 mol C. 0,6 mol D. 0,8 mol

    Cu 17 : t chy hon ton 0,44 gam mt axit hu c, sn phm chy c hp thu hon ton vo bnh

    1 ng P2O5 v bnh 2 ng dung dch KOH. Sau th nghim thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 0,36 gam v

    bnh 2 tng 0,88 gam. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca axit.

    A. C2H4O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C5H10O2 D. C4H8O2

    Cu 18 : t chy hon ton hn hp 2 axit cacboxylic thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7 gam H2O. Hai

    axit trn thuc loi no trong nhng loi sau ?

    A. No, n chc, mch h B. Khng no, n chc

    C. No, a chc D. Thm, n chc.

    Cu 19 : t chy hon ton 1,76 gam mt axit hu c X mch thng c 1,792 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v

    1,44 gam H2O. Cng thc cu to ca X l

    A. CH3CH2CH2COOH. B. C2H5COOH.

    C. CH3CH=CHCOOH. D. HOOCCH2COOH.

    Cu 20 : t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp 2 este, cho sn phm phn ng nhy qua bnh ng P2O5

    d, khi lng bnh tng thm 6,21 gam, sau cho qua tip dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 34,5 gam

    kt ta. Cc este trn thuc loi g ? (n chc hay a chc, no hay khng no).

    A. Este thuc loi no

    B. Este thuc loi no, n chc, mch h

    C. Este thuc loi khng no

    D. Este thuc loi khng no a chc

    Cu 21 : Khi t chy hon ton mt este X cho 2CO

    n = OH2n . Thu phn hon ton 6,0 gam este X cn

    va dung dch cha 0,1 mol NaOH. Cng thc phn t ca este l

    A. C2H4O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2 D. C5H8O4

    Cu 22 : t chy hon ton 3,7 gam cht hu c X cn dng va 3,92 lt O2 (ktc), thu c CO2 v

    H2O c l s mol l 1: 1. X tc dng vi KOH to ra hai cht hu c. S ng phn cu to ca X tho

    mn iu kin trn l

    A. 1. B. 2. C. 3 . D. 4.

    Cu 23 : t chy hon ton a gam hn hp hai este no, n chc mch h. Sn phm chy c dn

    vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 12,4 gam v to ra c m gam kt ta.

    Gi tr ca m l:

    A. 12,4. B. 10. C. 20. D. 28,18.

  • Phng php 13: Kho st t l s mol CO2 v H2O

    12

    Cu 24 : Khi t chy 4,4 gam hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy ch gm 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc)

    v 3,6 gam H2O. Nu cho 4,4 gam X tc dng vi NaOH va c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v

    cht hu c Z. Tn ca X l

    A. etyl axetat. B. etyl propionat.

    C. isopropyl axetat. D. metyl propionat.

    Cu 25 : X phng ho hon ton 1,48 gam hn hp hai este A, B l ng phn ca nhau cn dng ht

    20ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc khi t chy hon ton hn hp hai este th thu c kh CO2 v

    H2O vi th tch bng nhau ( cng iu kin). Cng thc cu to hai este l

    A. CH3COOCH3 v HCOOC2H5

    B. CH3COOC2H5 v C2H5COOCH3

    C. HCOOCH2H2CH3 v HCOOCH(CH3)2

    D. CH3COOCH=CH2 v CH2=CHCOOCH3

    Cu 26 : t chy hn hp hai este no, n chc ta thu c 1,8 gam H2O. Thu phn hon ton hn hp

    2 este trn ta thu c hn hp X gm ru v axit. Nu t chy hon ton mt na hn hp X th th

    tch CO2 thu c l bao nhiu ?

    A. 1,12 lt B. 2,24 lt C. 3.36 lt D. 4,48 lt

    Cu 27 : C cc loi hp cht sau: anken; xicloankan; anehit no, n chc, mch h; este no, n chc

    mch h; ru no, n chc, mch h; axit no, hai chc, mch h. C bao nhiu loi hp cht trn khi

    t chy hon ton cho s mol H2O bng mol CO2.

    A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

    P N

    1B 2A 3D 4B 5B 6C 7C 8C 9B 10A

    11A 12C 13B 14A 15A 16C 17D 18A 19A 20B

    21A 22B 23C 24D 25A 26A 27C