The PreambleThe Preamble

……form a more perfect unionform a more perfect union ……establish justiceestablish justice ……insure domestic tranquilityinsure domestic tranquility ……provide for the common defenseprovide for the common defense ……promote the general welfarepromote the general welfare ……secure the blessings of liberty to secure the blessings of liberty to

ourselves and to our posterityourselves and to our posterity

CongressCongress

Article I. Article I. Section 8 clause 1-18Section 8 clause 1-18Section 9 clause 1-8Section 9 clause 1-8

Section 10 clause 1-3Section 10 clause 1-3

Powers of CongressPowers of CongressClause 1Clause 1

Tax and spend tax Tax and spend tax moneymoney

For the greater good For the greater good

-national defense -national defense -general welfare of the -general welfare of the peoplepeople

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Borrow money Borrow money

Selling bondsSelling bonds

Clause 2

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Regulate foreign Regulate foreign and and interstate interstate tradetrade

Trade between 2 or Trade between 2 or more statesmore states

Clause 3

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

NaturalizationNaturalization

BankruptcyBankruptcy

Clause 4

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Regulate the value of Regulate the value of moneymoney

Weights and Weights and MeasuresMeasures

Clause 5

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Clause 6

Punish Counterfeiting

Power of CongressPower of Congress

Clause 7Clause 7

Postal Service Postal Service

Aids expansionAids expansion

Clause 8Clause 8

Patents and CopyrightsPatents and Copyrights

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Establish Establish Courts Courts Inferior to Inferior to the the Supreme Supreme CourtCourt

Clause 9

Power of CongressPower of Congress

Pirates Pirates

Punished robbing Punished robbing at seaat sea

Clause 10

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Congress declares Congress declares WarWar

Clause 11

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

12-Raise an Army12-Raise an Army

13-Raise a Navy13-Raise a Navy

14-Rules of 14-Rules of MilitaryMilitary

Clause 12-14

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Militia “National Militia “National Guard”Guard”

Put down insurrectionsPut down insurrections

Clause 15

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Rules for the Rules for the MilitiaMilitia

Clause 16

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Congress controls the District of Congress controls the District of Columbia—10 mile radius around Columbia—10 mile radius around the capital (Washington D.C)the capital (Washington D.C)

Clause 17

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Elastic clauseElastic clause

Implied Powers Implied Powers

““Necessary and Necessary and Proper Clause”Proper Clause”

Clause 18 *

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Implied Powers/Elastic Clause/Necessary Implied Powers/Elastic Clause/Necessary and Proper Clause and Proper Clause

The framers could not anticipate every The framers could not anticipate every power Congress would need so they came power Congress would need so they came up with the implied powers. up with the implied powers.

Powers assumed by Congress under the Powers assumed by Congress under the Constitution even though the document Constitution even though the document does not state themdoes not state them

Powers of CongressPowers of Congress

Enumerated (or Delegated) PowersEnumerated (or Delegated) Powers

Powers that are directly stated in the Powers that are directly stated in the ConstitutionConstitution

Denied Powers of Congress Denied Powers of Congress + State+ State Section 9 Denied Powers of CongressSection 9 Denied Powers of Congress

Section 10 Denied Powers of StatesSection 10 Denied Powers of States

Denied Powers of Congress Denied Powers of Congress + State+ State

No unlawful No unlawful imprisonmentimprisonment

Ex Post Facto LawEx Post Facto Law No tax on exportsNo tax on exports No trade laws which No trade laws which

favor certain statesfavor certain states Does not control Does not control

Intrastate TradeIntrastate Trade

Can not make treatiesCan not make treaties Ex Post Facto LawEx Post Facto Law Can not coin moneyCan not coin money No tax on No tax on

imports/exportsimports/exports No armyNo army Does not control Does not control

Interstate TradeInterstate Trade

CongressStates

Denied Powers of Denied Powers of CongressCongress

Ex Post Facto LawEx Post Facto Law

Punishes an act Punishes an act which was not which was not illegal when it was illegal when it was committedcommitted

Intrastate TradeIntrastate Trade

Trade within a Trade within a statestate

Congress does not Congress does not have the power to have the power to interfereinterfere

Denied Powers of the Denied Powers of the StatesStates

No Treaties No Treaties The states can not The states can not

make treaties with make treaties with states or foreign states or foreign nationsnations

This prevents the This prevents the states from acting as states from acting as individual nationsindividual nations

Interstate TradeInterstate Trade Trade between 2 or Trade between 2 or

more statesmore states States can not interfereStates can not interfere

Under the Articles Under the Articles there were too many there were too many problems with states problems with states and tradeand trade

Food for ThoughtFood for Thought Federalism Federalism -Centralizes -Centralizes Governmental powerGovernmental power

-A system that -A system that decentralizes political decentralizes political powerpower

-Dividing it between -Dividing it between the national the national government and state government and state governmentsgovernments