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Japanese Beetle, Popillia japonica

Detected in Vancouver, BC

Summer 2017Prepared by Dave Holden

CFIA Plant Health Survey Unit

BACKGROUND

• Introduced to NA in 1916, in New Jersey, and now widespread in

Eastern NA.

• Generally absent in the Western US states and from BC until now

• Japanese Beetle (JB), a regulated pest to Canada and the US.

David Cappaert, Michigan State University,

www.forestryimages.org

REGULATORY STATUS

IN NORTH AMERICA

Categories:1 – Pest Free Area (orange)2 – Area of Low Pest Prevalence (light green)3 – Partially or generally infested (dark green)4 – Not known to be infested (light grey)

• D-96-15 Phytosanitary Requirements

to Prevent the Spread of Japanese

Beetle, Popillia japonica in Canada and

the United States.

APPEARANCE

Adult 10 mm long, 6 mm wide,

metallic green, oval-shaped body

with bronzed outer wings. 6 white

lateral hair tufts on abdomen. Larvae about two or three cm’s (one

inch) long when mature. Off-white

colour and have a C-shaped body

They have three pairs of legs.

(Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org) (David Cappaert, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org)

LIFE STAGES

egg 1st, 2nd, 3rd instars pupa adult

RASTER PATTERN

Mike Reding & Betsy Anderson, USDA

Japanese Beetle grub (raster)

LIFE CYCLE

ADULT HOSTS

Commonly Attacked• Japanese Maple

• Norway Maple

• Prunus spp.

• Malus spp.

• Grape

• Small Fruit

• Virginia Creeper

• Rose

• Elderberry

• Rubus spp. i.e. Blackberry

Attacks• Ornamentals

• Nursery stock

• Tree fruit

• Small fruit

• Field crops

Persicaria sp.

And other Polygonaceae

Over 300 species attacked

LARVAL HOSTS

Wide variety of plant roots– ornamental, shrubs, garden

crops, grasses

Preferred turf grassesKentucky Bluegrass

Perennial Ryegrass

Tall Fescues

Bentgrass

LARVAL DAMAGE

• Larva feed on roots reducing the plants intake of water and

nutrients.

• Patches of brown dead grass, may feel spongy and be

easily pulled away.

LARVAL DAMAGE – ANIMAL FEEDING

Skunks, Racoons, Crows

Plant Health Survey Unit

European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization Archives, www.forestryimages.org

The adults are skeletonizers eating the leaf tissue between the leaf veins but leave the veins behind.

ADULT FEEDING DAMAGE

Steven Katovich, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org On Linden

Attacked leaves look like lace that soon withers and dies.

Jerry A. Payne, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.forestryimages.org

Chinese Chestnut, Castanea Steven Katovich, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

On Buckeye

Plant Health Survey Unit

The Dow Gardens Archives, Dow Gardens, www.forestryimages.org

The adults will often attack flower buds and fruit.

JB SURVEY

Trapping Survey for Adults

• June 15 to October 15

• 600 traps placed throughout BC• + as needed delimitations

• Lure: Floral and sex pheromone combination

• Trap: green and/or yellow wing vane over funnel attached to collection chamber, (three types)

• 2018: Survey plan still to be finalized

SURVEY SITE SELECTION

Target hosts near:

• Nurseries

• Golf Courses

• Public Parks

• Airport

• Border Points

• Sod Farms

• Public Gardens

• Food Terminals

• Truck/Rail Terminals or compounds

• Major Box stores, i.e. Home Depot

(Prime - sites associated with the transportation of plant products with soil or soft, ripe fruit)

CURRENT JB STATUS IN BC

• (CFIA) has detected Japanese beetle (Popillia Japonica) in

the False Creek area of Vancouver, British Columbia (BC). In

July 2017, a live beetle was found in a trap that was put out

in the City of Vancouver as part of the CFIA’s routine annual

surveillance activities.

• Based on this finding, survey work was expanded to

determine if there were more Japanese beetles in the area

by using a high density delimitation trapping grid as per the

North American JB Harmonization plan.

NOTIFICATION - JAPANESE BEETLE DETECTION IN THE FALSE CREEK AREA OF VANCOUVER

• Results of this follow-up survey work to date have determined

that there is a Japanese beetle incursion in the False Creek

area

BC JB STATUS …CONTINUED

• One male Japanese Beetle detected at UBC but no

evidence of establishment was found.

• No other JB detections throughout BC

FALSE CREEK AREA

David Lam Park

MAP OF 2017 DELIMITATION SURVEY

Delimitation grid:0 to 500 m radius: 20 traps/ km2 or 49/mi2

500 to 1.5 km: 10 traps/km2 or 25/mi2

1.5 km to 5 km: 2 traps/km2 or 5/mi2

958 beetles were found in 42 trapsBlue triangle = negative JB trap

2017 Trap Grid and Detections –

False Creek.

False Creek Positives plus UBC singleton

Bounded by well known roads and geographical features: • Burrard St (Western Boundary)• 12 th Ave (Southern Boundary)• Clark St (Eastern Boundary)• Southern Edge of Burrard Inlet (Northern Boundary)

Proposed Regulated area for 2018:

12th Ave.

Clark St

Burrard St.

Japanese Beetle,

Popillia japonica

Detected in Vancouver,

BC Summer 2017

Dave Holden

Plant Health Survey Unit

Burnaby, BC

david.holden@inspection.gc.ca

http://inspection.gc.ca/JB

Questions

David Lam Park

Original detection

Trap Density: Inter Trap info & Conversions:ca. 0.3 traps per square mi: = ca. 0.12 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = ca. 1.9 mile or ca. 3.0 km

1 traps per square mi: = .39 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = 1 mile or 1.6 km2 traps per square mi: = .77 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = 3733 ft or 1.1 km NAJB HP

49 traps per square mi: = 19 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = 754 ft or 230 m25 traps per square mi: = 9.6 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = 1056 ft or 322 m