PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments...
-
Upload
taylor-seddon -
Category
Documents
-
view
241 -
download
6
Transcript of PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments...
![Page 1: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PowerPoint® Presentation
Chapter 10Troubleshooting Principles and Test
Instruments
Chapter 10Troubleshooting Principles and Test
Instruments
Troubleshooting • Troubleshooting Methods • Measurement Precautions • Meter Abbreviations, Symbols, and Ratings • Troubleshooting with Test
Instruments
![Page 2: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
PLCs provide a centralized location for input device and output component wiring. PLCs are the logical place to start the troubleshooting process.
![Page 3: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Troubleshooting by knowledge and experience is improved when standard maintenance practices are followed.
![Page 4: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Facility (plant) procedures are specific to the system or process used by an individual company.
![Page 5: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Manufacturer procedures vary from facility procedures in that manufacturer procedures are shorter and generally refer to a specific piece of equipment or part.
![Page 6: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
PLC status indicator lights (LEDs) provide a visual display of operating conditions.
![Page 7: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Flowcharts use symbols and interconnecting lines to provide a troubleshooter with a logical path to problem solving.
![Page 8: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
PLC Error codes indicate problems such as memory errors, processor and software incompatibility, power failure, an empty address slot in a rack, or a module being inserted while the power is ON.
![Page 9: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
The user’s manual for a test instrument details specifications and features, proper operating procedures, safety precautions, warnings, and allowed applications.
![Page 10: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Several precautions must be taken when using test instruments on a PLC-controlled system.
![Page 11: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Abbreviations are used individually or in combination with prefixes.
![Page 12: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Symbols provide quick recognition and interpretation regardless of the language spoken.
![Page 13: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Test instruments are used to measure electrical quantities. A technician should be able to recognize both the unit of measurement and the abbreviation used to represent the quantity.
![Page 14: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
The IEC 1010 standard classifies the applications in which test instruments and meters can be used into four overvoltage installation categories.
![Page 15: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Test lights provide a visual indication when voltage is present in non PLC circuits but do not indicate the amount of voltage.
![Page 16: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Voltage testers indicate the approximate voltage amount and type of voltage (AC or DC) in a circuit.
![Page 17: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
A specific procedure is followed when using a voltage tester to take measurements.
![Page 18: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
DMMs are portable test instruments that measure two or more electrical properties and display the measured properties as numerical values.
![Page 19: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
When the voltage is DC at the test point, the two measured values will be the same, but one will have a negative (–) reading and the other a positive (+) reading.
![Page 20: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
When the two measured voltage values do not indicate a DC voltage, the meter should be set to measure AC and the measurements should be retaken.
![Page 21: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
A true-rms DMM must be used when taking AC voltage measurements in a PLC circuit or system.
![Page 22: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
PLC input devices are typically powered by DC voltages such as 24 VDC.
![Page 23: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Continuity testers are simple test instruments that test de-energized circuits or components for a complete path for current.
![Page 24: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
A continuity test can be used to check the operation of a photoelectric switch.
![Page 25: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Ohmmeters measure the amount of resistance (in ohms) in de-energized circuits, devices, or components.
![Page 26: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Technicians must always verify that circuits, devices, or components do not have voltage before taking any resistance measurements.
![Page 27: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Current measurements are typically measured using clamp-on ammeters or multimeters with clamp-on current probe accessories. In low-current applications, in-line ammeters can be used.
![Page 28: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Current measurements are taken using standard procedures.
![Page 29: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Current measurements for both AC and DC can be taken with in-line ammeters.
![Page 30: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Noncontact temperature instruments measure heat by measuring the infrared energy emitted by a material.
![Page 31: PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Methods Measurement Precautions Meter.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062303/5518c59a550346881f8b57ed/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Chapter 10 — Troubleshooting Principles and Test Instruments
Infrared temperature measurements prevent problems by locating unwanted heat in electrical equipment enclosures before the heat can cause PLC or equipment failure.