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COTTON INCORPORATED COTTON INCORPORATED Cotton Breeding and Cotton Breeding and Genetics Initiative Genetics Initiative -SAAESD March 2002- -SAAESD March 2002-
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COTTON INCORPORATEDCOTTON INCORPORATEDCOTTON INCORPORATEDCOTTON INCORPORATED
Cotton Breeding and Cotton Breeding and Genetics InitiativeGenetics Initiative
-SAAESD March 2002--SAAESD March 2002-
Cotton Breeding and Cotton Breeding and Genetics InitiativeGenetics Initiative
-SAAESD March 2002--SAAESD March 2002-
Optimizing Cotton Production Optimizing Cotton Production and Profitabilityand Profitability
Research on reduction of input costs
Research to add value to cotton
Research on “risk management” Reducing variability in yield and quality Decision making resources
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Agricultural ResearchBudget History
'92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02*0
2
4
6
8
10Budget (M$)
Operations Programs SSP
RGC
RGCAgricultural Research: ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Profitability...
$$Inputs
Outputs
Agronomy
Plant Physiology
Precision Agriculture
IPM
Biotechnology
Genetics
Production Economics
Entomology
Cottonseed
Crop Modeling
Ginning Technology
Irrigation Technology
Cotton Germplasm and Genetics
Yield stagnation
Fiber quality decline
Stability
Genetic diversity
Genetic vulnerability Bronze wilt
Seed rot
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Role of Cotton IncorporatedRole of Cotton Incorporated Mission- Improve profitability of U.S.
cotton production! Examine gaps in U.S. research system
limiting genetic advancement in cotton Create Cotton Breeding & Genetics
Initiative in 2002 Balance short term and long term
research objectives
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Significant Gaps in Public Significant Gaps in Public Research SectorResearch Sector
Germplasm and population development
Coordinated early generation germplasm testing (especially for fiber quality and production stability)
Genomics research integration into cotton genetic improvement
Training of future cotton breeders
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Public Plant Breeding Chronic lack of funding for conventional
breeding Erosion in number of faculty/scientist positions
Extensive germplasm base and technology base in place In danger of being lost
Lack of Freedom to Operate (FTO) for many biotechnology projects
Responsibility to train future cotton breeders
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Goals of Cotton Breeding & Goals of Cotton Breeding & Genetics InitiativeGenetics Initiative
Accelerate germplasm development and enhancement
Expand non-commercial public germplasm availability to the commercial breeders
Emphasize genetic enhancement for “output” traits
Expand genomic “tool kit” for public and commercial sectors
Establish Cotton Incorporated Fellowships
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
New funding $750,000 for 2002 12 projects selected for funding in 2002 25 participating breeders, geneticists,
agronomists, physiologists, and molecular biologists
Check www.cottoninc.com for updates
Current funding status of Current funding status of initiative-2002-initiative-2002-
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
CURRENTLY NOT A PRIORITYCURRENTLY NOT A PRIORITY
Development of commercial cultivars to directly compete with private sector
Cotton Incorporated doesn’t have the resources or the mandate to become a Seed Company!
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Single or few genes inserted in the cotton genome at a time
Requires extensive event characterization and stabilization
Backcross breeding (transgene conversion)
Possible interaction with genetic background, insertion site, and environment
Genetic engineering to improve complex traits (lint yield and fiber quality) likely to magnify the above phenomena
Present Focus On Present Focus On Biotechnology Derived Biotechnology Derived Cultivars In Commercial Cultivars In Commercial
Seed CompaniesSeed Companies
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Future Research Future Research MUSTMUST Span the GapSpan the Gap
Molecular biology - modify one or few genes at a time
Cotton breeding - deals with all 50,000 genesin the cotton plant
ONLY STRATEGY THAT WILL RESULT IN
SUSTAINABLE GENETIC ADVANCE IN COTTON
(increased bottom-line profit for growers)
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Cotton Incorporated Initiative Cotton Incorporated Initiative will Accelerate Germplasm will Accelerate Germplasm
Development and EnhancementDevelopment and Enhancement Mine and exploit germplasm resources
Increase coordination and collaboration in public sector Facilitate rapid transfer of technology to
commercial breeders
Speed up process by expanding support and use of off-season nursery (Tecoman, Mexico)
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Expanded and different support for
CWN Direct funding of CWN by
CI for research projects Stability and continuity of
use Expanded utilization
Current Germplasm LimitationCurrent Germplasm Limitation Lack of integrated evaluation for productivity
and quality FOCUS on early generation germplasm Regional Public Breeders Network to be
established Increase germplasm evaluation for many
biotic and abiotic factors Coordinated and expanded testing for
important fiber traits Rapid data analysis/dissemination
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Cotton Incorporated Will Emphasize Cotton Incorporated Will Emphasize Genetic EnhancementGenetic Enhancement
for “Output” Traitsfor “Output” Traits Fiber quality
Large scale evaluation with new instrumentation
Spinning quality
Determine stability of fiber quality traits across environments
Genetic combinations combining fiber quality and productivity
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
World Fiber DemandMillion Bales
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
85
86
87
88
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91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
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f
Cotton MMF Polyester
Benefits of Public Benefits of Public Genetic TechnologiesGenetic Technologies Cotton breeders can select based on
genes/genotype, not just phenotype. Selection of plants based on their genetic potential.
Cotton breeders can MINE important alleles for complex traits from diverse germplasm sources (improve genetic diversity)
Genomics can dissect the interaction of important genes with genetic background (cultivar effects)
The effect of genotype X environment interaction will NEVER go away. Genomics can dissect the components of GXE. How does a gene know what environment it is in??
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Future Cotton Genomic ApplicationsFuture Cotton Genomic Applications Must shift focus from gene(s)
to germplasm (germplasm engineering)
Greener biotechnology - modification of existing (native cotton genes)
Better understanding of the “genomic landscape”
Find happy home in the genome for transgenes
DNA Marker-assisted breeding
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Cotton Incorporated Fellows Cotton Incorporated Fellows (CIF)(CIF)
Create very competitive PhD and Post Doc opportunities for students in cotton breeding, genetics, and molecular biology
Probably 3- 4 in place for 2002
Goal is 10 or more
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
Cotton Incorporated (IP)Cotton Incorporated (IP)
Eight different CRAs in place
Willing to work with individual situations
Can provide more FTO on some biotech traits in the future
RGC ®COTTON INCORPORATED
Agricultural Research:
