Power to Gas – a promising solution to integrate large quantities of fluctuating renewable power
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Transcript of Power to Gas – a promising solution to integrate large quantities of fluctuating renewable power
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Dr. Andreas KoppE.ON Innovation Center Energy Storage
H2 in the economy – the strongest link in the energy chain?, DG Energy, European CommissionBrussels, 26.04.2013
Power to Gas – a promising solution to integrate large quantities of fluctuating renewable power
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Reasons for energy storage
Variable generation Fluctuating demandwind power, solar power households, industry
Energy storage delivers balance and flexibility
Problem Sometimes deficit in
generation Sometimes grid congestion= Curtailment of RES
& Conventional Generation
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Energy storage technologies
Pumped Storage P.Battery Capacitor
Heat Fly wheel
Power to Gas to Gridor to Caverns or to Power(A) CAES
Availability, Specification, Cost Effectiveness, Acceptance, Dimension
Proven Technology - Potential for improvement - New Technology
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ElectrolysisMetering
Low voltage supply
pipelineconnection
Power supply
Power: 2 MWel Hydrogen production: 360 m³/h Fed into the local gas grid
(ONTRAS) Planned start of operation
Q3/2013 Owner is E.ON Gas Storage
Key Parameters
Control
Goals Demonstration of the process chain
Optimize operational concept (fluctuating power from wind vs. changing gas feed)
Gain experience in technology, costs, consenting
Example: E.ON Power to Gas Pilot "Falkenhagen"
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March 2013
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Building stepsGroundbreaking ceremony16th October 2012
January 2013
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Power: 1 MWel (Stack) Hydrogen production: 265 m³/h Fed into the local gas grid
(Hamburg Netz GmbH) Project lifetime:3 years (11/2012–
10/2015) Project volume: 13,5 Mio. €
Key Parameters
Example: Power to Gas „Hamburg-Reitbrook“
PEM-Electrolysis
Power supply
Visitore centre
M&R
EMSR
Development PEM-Technology Field test und within E.ON
energy infrastructure Development of business
model
Goals Funding and Partners
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Hydrogen tolerance of the natural gas grid
Source: DVGW-Project G1-07-10 „Energiespeicherkonzepte“ / DVGW G260
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TWhH2
11%
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Hydrogen market structure in Germany
5%
36%
48%Steam reforming
By-Product
Chloralkali-electrolysis
Coal gasification
Technology
Co-Located
90%
9%
1%
Captive
Remote
Distribution< 4%
11%
26%
59%Refining
Ammonia
ChemicalsMetals
otherApplication
Quellen: IHIS, SRI, DWV, ECON Analysis
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15
30
45
60
0
A large part of the existing applications is feasible for the integration of renewable hydrogen
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Willingness-to-pay and costs
€/kWh
0
0,30
0,20
0,10
0,40
0,50 Criterias for production costs Power price Investment costs Interest on capital Depreciation Tax, etc. Operating hours (power
price driven, demand driven)
Power efficiency
Customer price Biomethane (1. Gen.)
Hydrogen produced from nat. gas (average market price 2010)
Customer price CO2-neut. natural gas
NCG spotmarket price nat. gas
H2 produced from CO2-neutral nat. gas
Customer price Ethanol (1. Gen.)
H2 produced from biomethane (1. Gen.)
H2 customer price demo fuel stations
Application Opportunity costs Regulatory framework
Criterias for willingsness to pay
Pro
duct
ion
cost
s H
2
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Natural
gas g
rid
Customer Interest• E.ON and an international gas wholesaler have signed an LoI to
jointly cooperate to develop the PtG plant in Falkenhagen• The system is realized to deliver renewable gas to multiple
applications via the gas grid
H2
Electrolysis
Certificate Power
Power
Industry
Mobility
Heating….Natu
ral ga
s grid
Certificate GasLess CO2 emittedLess fossile gas used
+ kWh - kWh
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Directive 2009/28/EC (the "Renewable Energy Directive") targets for 2020:
• 20% overall share of renewable energy in the EU • 10% share for renewable energy in the transport sector.
Directive 98/70/EG („("the Fuel Quality Directive") targets for 2020:• 6% reduction of life cycle greenhouse gas emissions• Increase biofuel sustainability with respect to indirect land-use
change (ILUC)
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European Directives
Amendments to Directive 2009/28/EC, Article 3, paragraph 4 (iii) : “renewable liquid and gaseous fuels of non-biological origin shall be considered to be four times their energy content”.
Pre-requisite for the contribution of PtG towards the targets is the full accountability (of renewable hydrogen)This would give PtG a chance to mature and thus to integrate large quantities of renewable fluctuating energy
Basis
Proposal made by the Comission 17.10.2012 (COM(2012) 595 final
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Estimating the contribution of renewable hydrogen
Source: Communication to the Commission on communicating outcome of the Impact
Assessment related to requirements of Article 3(4) of Directive 2009/28/EC, http://ec.europa.eu,
SWD(2012) 262 final
Member States in the National Renewable Energy Action Plans estimated the contribution of the different forms of energy (electricity, biomethane, etc.) towards the 10% target share for renewable energy in the transport sector (Directive 2009/28/EC):
ES Conclusion: no need for action since negligible contribution But this is a Chicken-and-Egg problem: without action, no
contribution Industry is ready for a significant contribution
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Summary
• The Falkenhagen project will demonstrate the technology to the public and identify hurdels for the implementation of power to gas
• PtG is one solution in the merit order of flexibility to integrate large quantities of fluctuating renewable power
• PtG offers renewable gas for industry, mobility, heating, and power generation
• Efficiency when using hydrogen in the industry can be >60%
• Customers show interest in renewable hydrogen
• Artificial economic burdens should be relieved
• A regulatory framework should be adapted to allow PtG to contribute to the 10% target share for renewable energy in the transport sector.
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Innovation Energy StorageE.ON Innovation Center Energy Storage
Dr. Andreas KoppT +49 201 94614 - 547M +49 151 14 07 42 71E-Mail: [email protected]