Power Quality Understanding Effective Solutions Presented by YOUR NAME HERE.

Power QualityPower Quality

Understanding Effective Understanding Effective SolutionsSolutions

Presented by Presented by YOUR NAME YOUR NAME HEREHERE

© 2001 POWERVAR, Inc.

What is power quality all What is power quality all about?about?

First, it’s about understanding the First, it’s about understanding the needs of the electronic system and needs of the electronic system and it’s userit’s user• What type of power disturbances affect What type of power disturbances affect

the system that’s being installed?the system that’s being installed?• How does the system react to power How does the system react to power

disturbances?disturbances?• What happens to the user when a power What happens to the user when a power

problem affects the system?problem affects the system?


What is power quality all What is power quality all about?about?

It’s about not wasting resourcesIt’s about not wasting resources• Installing the correct power quality solutionInstalling the correct power quality solution• Not spending money unnecessarilyNot spending money unnecessarily• Not loosing money during the warranty Not loosing money during the warranty

period or after the system is on service period or after the system is on service contractcontract

• Maintaining system uptime so that your Maintaining system uptime so that your customer can accomplish what he hoped to customer can accomplish what he hoped to accomplish when he installed the systemaccomplish when he installed the system


Where We WereWhere We WereThe Technology/Environment MatrixThe Technology/Environment Matrix

Low Tech Environment

High Tech Environment

Low TechHardware

High TechHardware


Where We AreWhere We AreThe Technology/Environment MatrixThe Technology/Environment Matrix



Low TechHardware

High TechHardware


How do we get here?

Where We Want To BeWhere We Want To BeThe Technology/Environment MatrixThe Technology/Environment Matrix



Low TechHardware

High TechHardware


Getting Where We Want Getting Where We Want To BeTo Be

We must understand what kind of We must understand what kind of electrical power today’s systems electrical power today’s systems want to see.want to see.

First, we must understand how First, we must understand how systems have evolved.systems have evolved.

Today’s technology has different Today’s technology has different power requirements than power requirements than yesterday’s systems.yesterday’s systems.


Old TechnologyOld Technology

Didn’t much care Didn’t much care about noise or neutral about noise or neutral to ground (common to ground (common mode) voltagemode) voltage

Needed stable voltageNeeded stable voltage No voltage impulsesNo voltage impulses Easily protected with Easily protected with

our “old friend” the our “old friend” the dedicated circuit.dedicated circuit.


Dedicated Electrical Dedicated Electrical CircuitsCircuitsA Low Technology EnvironmentA Low Technology Environment

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Dedicated Electrical Dedicated Electrical CircuitsCircuitsA Low Technology EnvironmentA Low Technology Environment

Primary function was to prevent other Primary function was to prevent other loads from affecting the nominal loads from affecting the nominal voltage of the circuit powering the voltage of the circuit powering the computer (sags and swells)computer (sags and swells)

Secondary benefit was physical Secondary benefit was physical separation of the computer from separation of the computer from noise sourcesnoise sources

This was effective only because of the This was effective only because of the relatively low state of the technologyrelatively low state of the technology


New TechnologyNew Technology

Doesn’t much mind if voltage Doesn’t much mind if voltage varies over a wide rangevaries over a wide range

Needs power that is free of Needs power that is free of transient impulses and noisetransient impulses and noise

Doesn’t like neutral to Doesn’t like neutral to ground (common mode ground (common mode voltage)voltage)

May need continuous power May need continuous power for servers, hosts, muxes, for servers, hosts, muxes, etc.etc.


What New Technology What New Technology SeesSees

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Protecting Modern Protecting Modern TechnologyTechnology

Dedicated CircuitsDedicated Circuits Voltage RegulatorsVoltage Regulators Surge DivertersSurge Diverters Noise FiltersNoise Filters Uninterruptible Power SuppliesUninterruptible Power Supplies


Surge DivertersSurge Diverters


Surge DivertersSurge Diverters

Basic protection for catastrophic Basic protection for catastrophic eventsevents

Convert normal mode (damaging Convert normal mode (damaging events) into common mode events) into common mode (degrading and disruptive events)(degrading and disruptive events)

Seldom effective for electrical Seldom effective for electrical disturbances smaller than 300-350 disturbances smaller than 300-350 voltsvolts


Surge Diverters/Noise Surge Diverters/Noise FiltersFilters


Surge Diverter/Noise Surge Diverter/Noise FiltersFilters

Divert both high energy-high Divert both high energy-high frequency and low energy-high frequency and low energy-high frequency power disturbances away frequency power disturbances away from the computerfrom the computer

Convert normal mode to common Convert normal mode to common modemode

Performance is very unpredictable -- Performance is very unpredictable -- sometimes cause more problems than sometimes cause more problems than they solvethey solve


Even a UPS is no Even a UPS is no GuaranteeGuarantee

UPS


UPS SystemsUPS Systems

Come in a variety of flavors (sine wave, Come in a variety of flavors (sine wave, square wave, modified wave) square wave, modified wave) WATCH WATCH OUT!OUT!

Primarily a tool for providing backup Primarily a tool for providing backup powerpower

Can be a complete power quality tool if Can be a complete power quality tool if properly selected. However, expect to properly selected. However, expect to pay a premium price. Remember -- pay a premium price. Remember -- YOU GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR!YOU GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR!


What is Really Needed?What is Really Needed?

A device that combines surge A device that combines surge diversion and noise filtration with diversion and noise filtration with elements to prevent the occurrence elements to prevent the occurrence of neutral to ground (common mode) of neutral to ground (common mode) voltagevoltage

Such a device is called a low Such a device is called a low impedance power conditioner or a low impedance power conditioner or a low impedance, power conditioned UPSimpedance, power conditioned UPS


The Power ConditionerThe Power Conditioner

A properly designed power conditioner will allow less than ten volts of a power disturbance to reach the system in normal mode (hot to neutral) and less than 1/2 volt to appear between neutral and ground (common mode).


Voltage Let-Through is Voltage Let-Through is ImportantImportant

10 volt and 1/2 volt specifications were 10 volt and 1/2 volt specifications were recommended by the semiconductor recommended by the semiconductor industry as long ago as 1986industry as long ago as 1986

Most surge protectors, filter devices, and Most surge protectors, filter devices, and UPS products have let-through voltages UPS products have let-through voltages of 330 volts or more in both modesof 330 volts or more in both modes

These devices may prevent outright These devices may prevent outright destruction but can’t prevent destruction but can’t prevent degradation or disruptiondegradation or disruption


Ask YourselfAsk Yourself

Off all our service calls,Off all our service calls,– How often do we replace destroyed How often do we replace destroyed

boards?boards?– How often do we replace malfunctioning How often do we replace malfunctioning

boards that have no apparent damage?boards that have no apparent damage?– How often do we respond to customer How often do we respond to customer

calls for which there is no problem foundcalls for which there is no problem found– How often does the customer report such How often does the customer report such

things as system lock-up, garbage files, things as system lock-up, garbage files, and other system operation problems?and other system operation problems?


Three Points to RememberThree Points to Remember

Non-destructive power disturbances are Non-destructive power disturbances are far more common than destructive onesfar more common than destructive ones

Non-destructive power disturbances Non-destructive power disturbances cause component wear and tear and cause component wear and tear and system disruption.system disruption.

Surge protectors, noise filters, and most Surge protectors, noise filters, and most UPS systems do nothing but allow most UPS systems do nothing but allow most power disturbances to reach the power disturbances to reach the computercomputer


Effective ProtectionEffective Protection

A low impedance power conditioner that A low impedance power conditioner that contains an isolation transformer, surge contains an isolation transformer, surge diverter, and noise filter or . . . . . . . . . .diverter, and noise filter or . . . . . . . . . .

An uninterruptible power supply that An uninterruptible power supply that contains the same three protection contains the same three protection elementselements

Either solution will provide total control of Either solution will provide total control of the AC power interface with the computerthe AC power interface with the computer


By now you’re wanting to By now you’re wanting to know . .know . .

If this is the answer to allour problems,

why are we stillusing dedicated

circuits?


Why?Why?

Most systems now consist of one or more Most systems now consist of one or more networked components.networked components.

The data cables that connect the The data cables that connect the different components together can create different components together can create “ground loops” within the system.“ground loops” within the system.

““Isolated grounding” conductors attempt Isolated grounding” conductors attempt to minimize ground loops by keeping to minimize ground loops by keeping safety ground impedance very low.safety ground impedance very low.


Dedicated/Isolated CircuitsDedicated/Isolated Circuits

In addition, most installers try to In addition, most installers try to ensure that all dedicated/isolated ensure that all dedicated/isolated circuits for a single system are fed circuits for a single system are fed from the same transformer phase and from the same transformer phase and the same panel.the same panel.

Ground loops must be prevented to Ground loops must be prevented to ensure that power disturbances do ensure that power disturbances do not enter the data cabling subsystem.not enter the data cabling subsystem.


Otherwise this is what Otherwise this is what happenshappens

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Are there other Are there other alternatives?alternatives?

New patented technology combines New patented technology combines power conditioning with special power conditioning with special elements to prevent “ground loop” elements to prevent “ground loop” formationformation

These special elements prevent power These special elements prevent power disturbances and noise currents from disturbances and noise currents from entering data cabling from the entering data cabling from the electrical system grounding electrical system grounding conductorsconductors


Ground GuardGround GuardTM TM

Power and Ground ConditionerPower and Ground Conditioner

Data Cable Ground


Ground Guard Ground Guard ConditionersConditioners

Provide all the functions of normal Provide all the functions of normal low impedance power conditioners low impedance power conditioners -- surge diversion, noise filter, and -- surge diversion, noise filter, and isolation transformerisolation transformer

Prevent ground currents and Prevent ground currents and power disturbances from entering power disturbances from entering the data cabling subsystemthe data cabling subsystem

Prevent formation of ground loopsPrevent formation of ground loops


Ground Guard Ground Guard ConditionersConditioners

Eliminate the need for Eliminate the need for dedicated/isolated electrical circuitsdedicated/isolated electrical circuits

Eliminate the requirement for same Eliminate the requirement for same transformer, same phase wiring transformer, same phase wiring techniquestechniques

Eliminate the hassle, time, and Eliminate the hassle, time, and expense associated with special expense associated with special wiringwiring


What About UPSsWhat About UPSs

UPS products should still be used UPS products should still be used to provide reserve power for to provide reserve power for servers, muxes, hubs, etc.servers, muxes, hubs, etc.

UPS systems should be sine wave UPS systems should be sine wave and either contain power and either contain power conditioning elements or be conditioning elements or be installed with a power conditioner installed with a power conditioner attachedattached


What about existing What about existing installations?installations?

Power conditioners can be added Power conditioners can be added to existing installations and UPS to existing installations and UPS systemssystems


Where We’ve ArrivedWhere We’ve ArrivedThe Technology/Environment MatrixThe Technology/Environment Matrix



Low TechHardware

High TechHardware


Effective Power Quality Effective Power Quality SolutionsSolutions

Reduce service costs by eliminating Reduce service costs by eliminating no problem found service calls, failed no problem found service calls, failed boards, and destroyed systemsboards, and destroyed systems

Make happier customers and more Make happier customers and more productive field engineersproductive field engineers

Increase revenue and expedite Increase revenue and expedite installations by eliminating electrical installations by eliminating electrical contractorscontractors


Effective Power Quality Effective Power Quality SolutionsSolutions

Ensure that today’s high technology Ensure that today’s high technology systems are installed in a high systems are installed in a high

technology electrical environment.technology electrical environment.

Power Quality Understanding Effective Solutions Presented by YOUR NAME HERE.

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