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UNIT 1. NUTRITION
6TH GRADE
ENGLISH CATALÀ ENGLISH CATALÀDigestive system Respiratory system
Bolus Air sacs
Carbohydrates Bronchi
Chyle Bronchioles
Chyme Larynx
Liver Lungs
Pharynx Nostrils
Salivary glands Trachea
Villi Breathe
Swallow Choke on
Exhale Inhale
NEW
VO
CABU
LARY
NUTRITIONNutrition is the combination of processes which supply our body with
the building materials and energy we need to live.
Foods give us these nutrients.
Nutrients are the substances that your body needs in order to grow and stay healthy.
Six categories of nutrients:
- MINERALS
- PROTEINS
- WATER
- VITAMINS
- FATS
- CARBOHYDRATES
CARBOHYDRATES
Carbohydrates are turned into energy for immediate
use.
Pasta, bread, cereals, rice, potatoes and pasta.
FATS
Fats provide a slower supply of energy.They are transformed into energy reserves.
Oil, butter, chocolate…
FATS
ANIMALS FATSeggs, fish, meat
VEGETABLES FATS nuts and seeds
PROTEINS
Proteins are indispensable for us to grow and repair our body.
Meat, fish, eggs, milk and pulses
VITAMINS AND MINERALS
Vitamins and minerals are essential to stay healthy and
grow.
Fruits and vegetables
WATER
Water to dissolve and transport nutrients, and to
compensate for the water we lose when we sweat or urinate.
PROCESSES INVOLVED IN NUTRITION
There are four processes involved in nutrition.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
EXCRETORY SYSTEM
DIGESTIONDigestion is the process of transforming the food we eat and drink into the nutrients our body needs.
The digestive system carries out three important functions: digestion, absorption and the elimination of waste.
It normally takes our body 24 to 48 hours to digest food.
1. Digestion begins in our mouth. Our teeth cut and chew our food, and our tongue mixes it with saliva.
2. The food travels down the oesophagus to the stomach.
3. In the stomach, the food mixes with gastric juices, which break the food down.
4. The mixture of food and gastric juices travels through the small intestine. Nutrients from the food are absorbed into our blood.
5. The parts of the food our body does not need continue into the large intestine.
6. The parts of the food our body does not need leave our body through the anus.
When we eat, we chew our food with our teeth, mix it with saliva, produced by the
salivary glands, with our tongue and swallow the mass of food, or food bolus. When
we swallow, the bolus is pushed into the pharynx and down the oesophagus.
The stomach mixes the food bolus, liquids and digestive juices for about two hours. This produces a thick liquid called chyme.
In the small intestine the chyme mixes with juices from the intestine, the pancreas and the liver, and makes the chyle.
The small intestine absorbs the nutrients you need to live and the rest goes to your large intestine.
Small intestineLarge intestineFaeces leave the body through the anus.
DIGESTIONhttp://kidshealth.org/en/kids/dsmovie.html#cat20580
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter26/animation__organs_of_digestion.html
http://kitses.com/animation/swfs/digestion.swf
HEALTHY DIET
A complete balanced diet means eating the right
amount of food from each of the food groups.
RESPIRATION
Breathing is the process that our body uses to obtain oxygen from the air.
Respiration is the process by which we take in oxygen and expel carbon
dioxide.
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Nostrils
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
When we breathe in, air enters our body through the nostrils, goes to the pharynx, then travels down the larynx and trachea.
Next, air goes through two small tubes called the bronchi, and enters our lungs.
TRACHEABRONCHI
LUNGS
The bronchi are divided into smaller branches called bronchioles. The bronchioles lead to the air sacs.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJpur6XUiq4
Air sacs are covered by tiny capillaries. When blood circulates through these capillaries, red blood cells take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. This process is called gaseous exchange.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM : http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/dl/free/0078768349/161752/00053416.html
BREATHING: http://www.footprints-science.co.uk/flash/Breathing.swf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0giiDDBJVQU
RESPIRATION AND HEALTH
EXERCISE REGULARLY
EAT A WELL BALANCED DIET
DRINK WATER REGULARLY
WASH YOUR HANDS REGULARLY
DO NOT SMOKE
AVOID PLACES WITH HIGH LEVELS OF AIR POLLUTION
TEACHER LETICIA