Leader in industrial power outsourcing market and in green energy
Power in the Leader
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Focus on the Leader – Power and Influence; Leadership a n d Value s. Leader ship Traits; Leadership Behavior; Contingency Theories of Leadership; Leadership and Change. Power Power has been defined as the capacity to produce effects on others. The term power may be used as the capacity of a person to exert influence over others. If a person has power, it means he is able to influence the behavior of other individuals. Power represents the capacity, ability, etc. to influence the behavior of other people. “Power is the potential ability to influence behavior, to change the course of events, to overcome resistance and to get people to do things that they would not otherwise do.” - N. Pfeffner Characteristics of Power The fo llowing are the c harac terist ics of power: i) Dependency: T h e ma i n f eature o f p ower i s d e p en d enc y . T h e g reater t h e dependence of one person on you, the greater is the amount of power you can exert on him. ii) Reciprocal Relationship: Powe r rel ati onsh ips in an orga niz ati on are re cip rocal in nature. Pow er exists in a relationship between two or more persons. It is based on two- way concept of inf luencing others and being influenced. iii) Specific: Power is specific in the sense that it may be exercised b y s ome people in some circu mstances. Power may n ot be exerci sed by al l p eo pl e i n a ll circumstances. iv) Expand or Contract: Power is elastic. People, who are habituated to exercise power, may try to acquire more power and expand it. In some organizations, due to change in position of a manager in the Organization, i.e., shift from and department to the other may cause contraction in power. Types of Po wer 1. Reward Power - This type o f influe nce is creat ed wh en th e lead er is able t o offe r a re ward to his followers for completing tasks/behaving in a certain manner. It involves the pot ent ial t o influe nce oth er due to one’s cont rol o ver d es i re d resources. This can include the power to give b onuses an d pr omot ion s; to se lec t p eo ple fo r spec ial as sig nments or desirable activities; to distribute desired resources like computers, offices or travel money and soon.
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Transcript of Power in the Leader
5/17/2018 Power in the Leader - slidepdf.com
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/power-in-the-leader 1/3
Focus on the Leade r – Power and I n f luence ; Leade r sh ipand Values. Leadership Traits; Leadership Behavior; Contingency Theoriesof Leadership; Leadership and Change.
Power
Power has been defined as the capacity to produce effects onothers. The term power may be used as the capacity of a person toexert influence over others. If a person has power, it means he is able toinfluence the behavior of other individuals. Power represents the capacity,ability, etc. to influence the behavior of other people. “Power is the potentialability to influence behavior, to change the course of events, to overcomeresistance and to get people to do things that they would nototherwise do.” -N. Pfeffner
Characteristics of Power The following are the characteristics of power:i)Dependency: The ma in f ea tu r e o f power i s de pen den cy . T he greater thedependence of one person on you, the greater is the amount of power you can exert on him.ii)Reciprocal Relationship:Power relationships in an organization are reciprocal in nature. Powerexists in a relationship between two or more persons. It is based on
two-way concept of influencing others and being influenced.iii)Specific:Power is specific in the sense that it may be exercised by some people insome circumstances. Power may not be exercised by all people in allcircumstances.iv)Expand or Contract:Power is elastic. People, who are habituated to exercise power, may try toacquire more power and expand it. In some organizations, due to change inposition of a manager in the
Organization, i.e., shift from and department to the other may causecontraction in power.
Types of Power1. Reward Power- This type of influence is created when the leader is able to offer a reward tohis followers for completing tasks/behaving in a certain manner. It involvesthe potential to influence other due to one’s control over d e s i r e d
r e s o u r c e s . T h i s c a n i n c l u d e t h e p o w e r t o g i v eb o n u s e s a n d promotions; to select people for special assignments ordesirable activities; to distribute desired resources like computers, offices ortravel money and soon.
5/17/2018 Power in the Leader - slidepdf.com
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2. Coercive Power- The opposite of reward power is the coercive power, i.e., the abil ityto influence punishment. This power is based on the leader hav i ngcon t ro l ove r what happens i f f o l l owe rs do no t ac t asrequ i r ed . Coercive power requires followers to believe that the leader
has the ability to impose the stated penalty. Als o the penalty hasto be something that the followers do not want to haveimposed on them. For example a pena lty results in coffee beingbanned is unlikely to influence a tea drinker. Coercive powers should be used carefully; overuse can lead tounhappy employee followers. Unhappy followers can be negative orunmotivated; they may resign or adopt a “work to rule” atti tude.Work to rule is where employees refuse to undertake any duties that arenot stated in their contract.3. Expert Power-As the title suggests a leader has expert power when the followersbelieve that the leader has “expert” knowledge or skills that arerelevant to the job or tasks they have to complete. Often anexperienced member of the team or staff in an organization can haveexpert power even though they are not a supervisor or manager. If the subordinates view their leaders as competent they would follow theirleader. For example, we follow doctor’s advice because of our faith in hisknowledge and competence.4. Legitimate Power- It is the term of authority and commonly held values allowing one
person to have power over another person. It represents thePower a person perceives as a result of his position in the formal
hierarchy of the organization. Legitimate power includes power togive rewards and impose punishments.5. Referent Power- This power is known as charismatic power and is based on theattraction exerted by one individual over another. Thefollowers identify with their leader and attempt to copy their leader. Asreferent power is dependant on how the follower views thepersonality of their leader, leader wil l not have referen t powerover every follower they lead. Some leaders will have referent
power over just a few, whilst others such as Gandhi have lead millions through their personality and charisma’s can be seeneach of the powers is created by the followers belief, if the followerdoes not hold the requisite belief than then the leader is not able toinfluence them.•Reward power needs follower to believe leader will reward them.•Coercive power needs follower to believe leader will punish them.
•Legitimate power needs follower to believe leader has right to instructthem.•
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Referent power need follower to believe leader has desirable qualities.•Expert power need follower to believe leader is an expert. Whether thefollower’s beliefs are correct is irrelevant, the beliefs alone will determinethe type of power, a leader has over the follower. Each of the leadership
powers can be used by themselves or combined so that the leaderhas maximum influence. The leader will therefore need to thinkcarefully about which power to use.
