Poverty-Environment Initiative in Tajikistan

Poverty and Environment Presentation

Poverty – Environment Mainstreaming into the Local Development Planning

Process

UNDP and UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative in Tajikistan

(May 2010 – December 2012)


Land degradation97 % of agricultural lands (only 7% of the territory of RT) affected by soil erosion, salinization, poor irrigation, and deforestation (only 3% of forest coverage out of 10%)

Food security and income for 70% of population

Unreliable energy supply

1 million people experience electricity cuts during the winter with no heating alternative relying on firewood, dung and coal

Access to water, sanitation, irrigation, health services, income generating activities

Disaster risks

The country suffers on average nearly 500 disasters per year, which cause widespread damage to communities and social infrastructure

4.8% of gross domestic product

Key poverty-environment issues

Climate Change -Sectors affected are water management, irrigated agriculture (consuming 94% of water), and energy (98% of the national energy is produced by the hydropower plants). Disaster risks increase due to floods.


OUTCOME OF THE PROJECT:

Enhanced capacity of government and other stakeholders to integrate environmental sustainability into pro-poor national and sub-national development planning and budgeting

Output 1:Information and Knowledge Base for P-E Mainstreaming

Developed

Output 2:P-E Linkages Integrated in District Development Plans (Sughd oblast)

Output 3:Capacity for implementing

poverty-environment sensitive sub-national plans

increased

Level of understanding P-E links increased Officially approved DD

planning process supports P-E mainstreaming

Environmental sustainability identified as priority in DDPs

and their implementation measures

P-E aspect reflected in the process of providing extension

and financial services

Pilot projects demonstrating P-E links at local level

implemented DDPs’ budget allocation for

P-E measures increased

Capacity for integrating P-E in national planning, monitoring

and budgeting improved

P-E links better reflected in the next national strategy and its

budget

Understanding on P-E links among extension and financial services providers improved


Cross-cutting elements in the poverty-environment mainstreaming

Awareness raising

Public participation

Transparency and accountability

Consideration of gender, climate change, and disaster reduction

Integrated planning

Capacity development


Results of DDP process up to date•For the first time in Sughd Region DDPs for all 14 districts have been developed in 2011 in the framework of RGP (UNDP, GIZ, MEDT) for 2011-2015•Approved by the district level parliament representatives•Submitted to provincial level for funding allocation and to national – for approval •Social Economic planning previously did not refer to environment issues with the linkage to poverty – it does now•Understanding and support on the need of PE mainstreaming in planning and implementation of programs and projects among local authorities, different organizations, and population•Over a short time span through the tools used the foundation is laid for national up-scaling of PE


Institutions and groups of people involved into Development Planning Process with TA from RGP (UNDP, GIZ, IOM, AKDN) and PEI (UNEP-UNDP)

Working Group– consisted of sub-groups for

1. Economic sector

2. Social sector

3. Infrastructure Sector

4. Environment Sector

Structure of the Environment Initiative Group (EIG) chaired by Environment Committee of the District- Government authorities from the departments on land, water, communal services, agriculture

- Industrial companies

- Heads of Farms

- Non-profit organizations

- Women organizations

- Businesses

Ministry of Economic Development and Trade

Committee on Environment Protection RT

Statistics Agency RT

WG on Sughd Region Level

(4 sub-sectors)

WG on District Level

(4 sub-sectors)

WG on Djamoat Level

(4 sub-sectors)


EIGs and women involved into the process

10

9

10

11

5

12 12

11

10

15

10

5

8

7

8

2

16

8

0

2 2

3

4

2

3

4

J. Rasulov Isfara Konibodom B.Gafurov Asht Gonchi Zafarabad Mastchoh Spitamen Istaravshan Shahriston Kuhistoni Mastchoh

Ayni Panjakent

Number of people in an Environment Initiative Group

Women from all subgroups participated in the sessions


Review of current situation

District/Jamoat vision

Sectoral Analysis

Monitoring and evaluation system

Entry Point 1-Review of Current Situation

Entry Point 3- Screening and Environmental Impact Assessment

Provision of resources for development program implementation

Entry Point 2- Objective setting and Environmental Overview

Entry Point 4- Poverty- Environment Indicators

Key Entry Points for Environmental MainstreamingSections of Draft DDP Guideline

Stages of PE mainstreaming into DDP methodology and each DDP


•Review of Current Situation

DDP Entry Point

•Screen existing situation for critical environmental issues in the concerned district

Action

•Questions checklist with sections on :

•environment assets and problems

•climate change, disaster risk

•environment education

•Industry, land and water resources, forests

Tools

•Dj. Rasulov district Plan: The environmental section (pp. 44-47) focuses on disasters and environmental threats such as land degradation, water treatment and sewage systems, solid waste management and carbon emissions.

Example of PE issues in the review


Review of current situation – problems identified in 14 districts

1

2

2

3

3

5

8

9

10

12

12

14

radioactive waste management

High level of ground waters

land salinization

industrial and toxic waste

Sewerage

land degradation

solid waste management

degradation of forest belts and resources

Access to drinking

Access to irrigation water

prone to disasters

climate change

Number of Districts

Number of Districts


•Objective Setting and Environment Overview

DDP Entry Point

•Devise a set of environmental objectives for District & Review the objectives of other sector working groups in the District for environmental consequences

Action

•SWOT, Problem tree, Objective tree, Option Analysis; question checklist for other sector working groups

Tools

•Logical framework (p. 47) is dedicated to re-building water infrastructure and waste management-an indication that these areas have been prioritized.

Example of PE objective setting

•PE in Agriculture section (p. 14): land irrigation (p. 19), soil erosion, and related problems such as water delivery systems, soil salinity and flooding.

•PE in Industry section : remarks that an assessment is needed to understand the environmental impact of industry on the environment.

•PE in Infrastructure section: access to potable water is addressed as a serious problem, noting "only 37.6 percent of population in Jabbor Rasulov district [has] access to drinking water, (p.41)."

Example of EIG comments included to other sectors

-

•60% of DDPs totally integrate PE recommendations to the relevant sectors

•40% of DDPs have a separate environment chapter in addition to including the comments into other sectors

Results of Environment Overview


UNDP-UNEP Poverty- Environment Initiative

•Project Proposals Screening

DDP Entry Point

•Project proposal writing and screening District projects from all the sectors

•Done by Sector Working Groups/EIG, then Trust Fund Committee

Action

•Trust Fund piloted under RGP with the Sughd Khukumat

•Project Proposal Template

•Environmental screening checklist

•Environment Criteria

Tools

•Lack of negative impact of the project on condition of air, water, soil ecosystems and biodiversity (or availability of measures aimed at mitigation of negative impact)

•Project capacity to develop and protect natural resources (including renewable ones)

Examples of Environment

Criteria

•Supporting communal services private enterprise (garbage collection and recycling)

•Energy Efficient greenhouses

•Increasing access to irrigation water with the drainage cleaning mechanism

•Energy efficient lemon growing greenhouse in the high radiation zones

•Preserving forests protected by the Society of Hunters and Fishermen

Examples of Project Ideas

•60 project proposals from other sectors are screened for environment impact and given recommendations on sustainable use of natural resources

•90% of the projects have an impact on environment and will need to go through expertise

Results of screening


Poverty Environment Indicators in DDPs and electronically• % of saline lands• % of wetlands• % of land area at risk of soil erosion or desertification• % of lands with unsatisfactory irrigation

AGRICULTURE

• Number of hospitals including hospitals with a sewage system• Proportion of hospitals with adequate waste management system.• Number of hospitals with medical waste management equipmentHEALTH

• % of population with access to drinking water sources in urban areas• % of population with access to drinking water sources in rural areas• % of people with sustainable access to an improved water source, urban and rural• Not changed as was good enough

INFRASTRUCTURE

• No data collected on environment compliance• Number of companies with environment management plans• Number of industrial companies with ecological passports

INDUSTRY• % change in expenditures invested in the environment• Budget expenditures for environment protection• Needs to be worked on further to identify the environment protection in other

sectors

ECONOMY


Overall Results of DDP process – based on the above stages

Issues of poverty and environment linkages mainstreamed into DDPs of 14 districts

and 65 djamoats

The projects in DDPs with environment sustainability focus

Measurable on-the-ground pro-poor environmental outcomes

Capacity building provided 790 people (10X14+10X65) in Sughd region

who are able to consult specifically on PE mainstreaming experience

Future oblast and district practices and priorities in Sughd to include pro- poor environmental management

and other districts nationwide

Awareness raised on the PE issues in planning

Public Hearings practice is introduced


Overall Results of DDP process

• PEI’s contribution to the methodology

Inclusion of PE considerations across all sectors

District environment departments included in the DDP working groups

The foundation is laid for ensuring PE inclusion in DDPs across Tajikistan

Inclusion of PE approaches in the curriculum of the Institute for Civil Servant Training is underway

Facilitate National coverage of the PEI experience

Inclusion of PE relevant district development indicators across sectors by the National Statistics Agency

PEI is likely to influence the indicator set for the Poverty Reduction Strategy 3 based on the work done with National Statistics Agency on the district level


Lessons Learned For effective development of socio-economic planning on the sub-national

level poverty-environment issues need to be considered and addressed early in the development process

Low environment awareness and knowledge base of the authorities and population effects PE mainstreaming into planning and budgeting

Development plans can help in the long term economic growth when considering sustainable environment management

Sub national development plans can be an entry point to demonstrate the value of mainstreaming PE concerns into planning processes

The timing of PEI Tajikistan to be implemented in parallel and collaboration with the Rural Growth Programme has enabled PEI with its limited resources to effectively influence the process

Quite complicated process due to multi-stakeholder participation but effective due to the same reason

The process is important – methodology itself without capacity building might not bring the same results

UNDP-UNEP Poverty- Environment Initiative


And much more to add, welcome to PEITajikistan


PEI TJ acknowledges the support from


Thank you! Zulfira Pulatova

PEI National Project Manager in Tajikistane-mail: [email protected]

www.unpei.org

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.unpei.org/

Poverty-Environment Initiative in Tajikistan

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