Poultry India - Knowledge Day 2015 Speaker Dr. Marcelo Paniago
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Transcript of Poultry India - Knowledge Day 2015 Speaker Dr. Marcelo Paniago
www.poultryindia.co.in | www.poultryprotein.com | www.poultryrecipes.co.in
www.poultryindia.co.in | www.poultryprotein.com | www.poultryrecipes.co.in
EMERGING INNOVATION IN VACCINOLOGY
Marcelo PANIAGODirector Global Veterinary Services - Poultry
Ceva Santé Animale Libourne - France
Evolution of the poultry industry New technology vaccines Immune complex vaccines Vector vaccines Vector “cassete” vaccines Sub-unit vaccines Gene-deleted vaccines Reverse genetic vaccines
Conclusion Sponsors
Content of the presentation
Evolution poultry industry
Sponsors
Protection against mortality No post-vaccination reactions Reduction of shedding Easy to apply No interference with MDA Long lasting immunity Cost effectiveness Etc
www.poultry.allotment.org.uk www.engormix.com
Protection against mortality
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NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Factors of the evolution of the vaccines
Sponsors
New diseases
New production systems
New genetics (breeds)
Better understanding of the diseases
New technologies
New requirements from the users
Others
Novel technologies for poultry vaccines
Immune complex vaccines
Vector vaccines
Vector “cassete” vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse genetic vaccines
Novel technologies for poultry vaccines
Immune complex vaccines
Vector vaccines
Vector “cassete” vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse genetic vaccines
Immune-complex vaccines
Sponsors
IBDV
Production inEmbryonated
SPF eggs
Virus suspension
VP2
IBDV vaccinestrain
Immune-complex vaccines
Sponsors
Specific antibodies VPI (Virus Protecting Factor)
IBDV
+
Production inEmbryonated
SPF eggs
Virus suspension
Production inSPF chickens
Flocks
antiserum
VP2
IBDV vaccinestrain
Advantages & Shortcomings
No interference with MDAIBDV
Continuous protection (passive then active)
Active immunity protects against all types of IBDV
Vaccine virus spreads and compensate (partly) for sub-optimal vaccine application
Administered in the hatcheriesSponsors
Not recommended for layers
Novel technologies for poultry vaccines
Immune complex vaccines
Vector vaccines
Vector “cassete” vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse genetic vaccines
Vector “HVT” vaccines
Sponsors
Non essentialgene
HVT = Vector
HVT
Insertion site
Inserted F Protein gene
HVT
VECTORrHVT-F
NDV
F protein
F protein gene
NDV genome
NDV
Advantages & Shortcomings
Evade maternally derived antibodies
Administration in the hatchery
Cyclical replication in the host expressing the antigen
Continuous stimulation of the immune system.
Long-lasting immunity (latency)
Sponsors
Onset of immunity depends on the replication of the HVT
It requires good cold chain management (Liquid nitrogen)
Early infection with Marek’s Disease virus may reduce its efficacy.
Novel technologies for poultry vaccines
Immune complex vaccines
Vector vaccines
Vector “cassete” vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse genetic vaccines
Vector “cassete” vaccines
Sponsors
InsertedHA gene
fromH5N1 HPAIV
HVT
Same vector / same construct / different inserts
InsertedHA gene
fromH7N3 HPAIV
HVT
VectorrHVT-AIV
Advantages & Shortcomings
Very quick response to any changes in the prevalence of field virus
Cyclical replication in the host expressing the antigen
Continuous stimulation of the immune system.
Long-lasting immunity
Administration in the hatcherySponsors
Several regulatory issues that have to be discussed with authorities
Onset of immunity depends on the replication of the HVT
Early infection with Marek’s Disease virus may reduce its efficacy.
It requires good cold chain management (Liquid nitrogen)
Novel technologies for poultry vaccines
Immune complex vaccines
Vector vaccines
Vector “cassete” vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse genetic vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Sponsors
IBDV
VP2
VP2 gene
IBDV genome
IBDV = Donor
bacteria or yeast
Sub-unit vaccines
Sponsors
IBDV
VP2
VP2 gene
IBDV genome
IBDV = Donor
bacteria or yeast
Sub-unit vaccines
Sponsors
IBDVVariant E
VP2
VP2 gene
IBDV genome
IBDV = Donor
bacteria or yeast
Inactivated vaccine
Advantages & Shortcomings
Possibility to increase the antigenic mass in the vaccines (higher titers)
Reduced cost of production
Animal welfare friendly approach
There is no risk of reversion to virulence
Sponsors
The protective antigen has to be known.
It is necessary to use adjuvants (tissue reactions)
Immune response is limited to humoral antibodies
Individual injection is time consuming and manpower demanding
Novel technologies for poultry vaccines
Immune complex vaccines
Vector vaccines
Vector “cassete” vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse genetic vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Sponsors
One or more “non essential” genes for the growth and immunogenicity but related to the pathogenicity of the microorganisms are eliminated.
Advantages & Shortcomings
Safer vaccines from pathogenic microorganisms
Possible application in the hatchery or mass application in the farms
Do not elicit humoral antibody response
Differentiation between vaccinated and infected animals (DIVA) strategy
Sponsors
Possibility to reverse to virulence?
Limited duration of immunity
Need of revaccinations in the farms
Affected by anti-infective compounds (Salmonella or E.coli).
Novel technologies for poultry vaccines
Immune complex vaccines
Vector vaccines
Vector “cassete” vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse genetic vaccines
Reverse genetic vaccines
Sponsors
SOURCE: Zoetis (Fort Dodge) leaflet
Advantages & Shortcomings
Improve the yield in SPF (or clean) eggs during the production of vaccines.
Possibility of producing vaccines closer to field virus (H5N1).
Less risks in case of problems during inactivation.
Differentiation between vaccinated and infected animals (DIVA) strategy.
Sponsors
Interference with MDA in case of early administration
Immune response is limited to humoral antibodies
Tissue reactions after injection
Individual administration is time consuming and manpower demanding
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USE OF NEW TECHNOLOGY VACCINES IN THE FIELD
Vaccine technologies – Duration of immunity
Source: Palya et al. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology,158, 105–115, 2014
3 4 6 10 15 25 33 40 55 720
20
40
60
80
100
Clinical protection after challenge
Age of challenge (weeks)
% o
f pro
tecti
on
Vaccine technologies – Duration of immunity
Sponsors24 vaccination interventions
14 vaccination interventions
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CONCLUSIONS
Food for thoughts …
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The poultry industry is changing extremely quickly and it has brought new challenges to producers:
Huge production complexes located in very densely populated areas;
High stocking densities in the farms;
High disease pressure;
Poorly qualified workers,
Pressure to reduce the use of antibiotics
Pressure to improve the welfare etc
Food for thoughts …
Sponsors
Within this new context, new technology vaccines will help to overcome these challenges.
More efficacious and safer vaccines;
Applied in the hatcheries;
Long duration of immunity;
Able to reduce the shedding of the pathogens
Able to reduce the workload in the farms;
The poultry vaccines of the future should be what poultry producers will ask for!
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THANKS VERY MUCH FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION
Marcelo PaniagoCeva Santé Animale - France Director Global Veterinary Services - Poultrywww. Ceva.comEmail: [email protected]: +33 668 54 3931
Contact
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