POULTRY FFEDSPOULTRY FFEDSDr. István HULLÁR, assoc. professorDr. István HULLÁR, assoc. professor

1. Feeding Chickens;

2. Feeding Turkeys;

3. Feeding Ducks;

4. Feeding Geese.

NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTSNUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF BROILER OF BROILER CHICKSCHICKS

Nutrients Starter Grower Finisher(0-10 d.) (11-24 d.) (25-

slaughter)Crude Protein, % 23.5 22.0 20.0ME, MJ/kg 12.6 13.3 13.6Lys, g/kg 14.0 12.5 10.5Met + Cys, g/kg 10.0 9.0 8.0Linoleic Acid, % 1.3 1.2 1.0Ca, g/kg 10.0 9.0 8.5P (available), g/kg 5.0 4.5 4.0NaCl, % 0.3 0.3 0.3

How to express the nutrient requirements?How to express the nutrient requirements?

E.g. Setting up the CP content of the starter diet;

7-day-old chick

CP req.: 7.3 g/day;

DMI: 31 g/d;

CP content of the starter diet:

CP req./DMI = 7.3 (g/d)/31 (g/d) = 0.235

0.235*100 = 23.5%.

Protein:Energy ratioProtein:Energy ratio

P:E ratio: protein (g/kg)/energy (MJ/kg).

But what type of protein and energy are used?

Type of protein and energy used in the given species.

Broiler chick (sarter): CP/ME =

235 (g/kg)/12.6 (MJ/kg) = 18.65 g/MJ.

Groups of feeds used in poultry dietsGroups of feeds used in poultry diets

Energy sources (60-70%):- cereal grains,Protein sources (30-40%):- legume seeds, - extr. oilseed meals,Supplements:- vitamins, minerals,- amino acids, energy, etc.;Physical form of diets:- mash, crumbles, pellets.

CEREAL GRAINSCEREAL GRAINS

CornCorn

- Proportion in Diets: 40-60%,- ME: 14 MJ/kg (the highest),- CP: 10% (the lowest),- Lys: 2.7 g/kg,- EE: 4% (2% Linoleic acid),- taste,- yellow pigments: skin, egg yolk.

WheatWheat

- Proportion in Diets: 10-30%,

- CP: 13-14% (the highest),

- Pentosans,

- less palatable to birds.

BarleyBarley

- Proportion in Diets - 5-20%,

- CF: 5-6%,

- ß-glucans,

- for pullets.

OatOat

- ME: 10.7 MJ/kg (the lowest),- CF: 12% (the highest),

- good dietetic effect,

- EE: 5% (the highest) – 1.5% linoleic acid (!),

- for pullets, heavy type birds, geese.

LEGUME SEEDSLEGUME SEEDS

Field PeasField Peas

- proportion in diets: 15-20%,

- CP: 20-25% (the lowest).

Horse BeanHorse Bean

- proportion in diets: 15%,

- CP: 25-30%,

- poor in Met (6 g/kg),

- antinutritional factors (vicin, convicin, tannin).

LupinsLupins

- proportion in diets: 15%,

- CP: 35-40% (the highest),

- antinutritional factors (lupinin, Lupanin) < 0,08%,

- lupinosis (liver damage).

SoybeansSoybeans

- „full-fat” soybeans,

- EE: 20%

- rich in linoleic and linolenic acids (85 g/kg),

- antinutritional factors (trypsin inhibitors) heat treatment is required

- energy source.

EXTR. OILSEED MEALSEXTR. OILSEED MEALS

Extracted Soybean MealExtracted Soybean Meal

- Proportion in Diets: 10-40%,

- CP: 45-50%,

- Lys: 30 g/kg, Met: 15 g/kg Met suppl. BV,

- antinutritional factors (e.g. tripstrypsin inhibitors) heat treatment is required.

Extracted Sunflower MealExtracted Sunflower Meal

- Proportion in Diets: 5-10%,

- CP: 30-45%,

- Lys: 11.5 g/kg, Met: 13.5 g/kg Lys suppl. BV,

- CF: 12-30% (!),

- not in starter diets.

Extracted Rapesed MealExtracted Rapesed Meal

- Proportion in Diets: 10-20%,

- CP: 35-40%,

- Lys: 10 g/kg, Met: 16 g/kg Lys suppl. BV,

- CF: 10-15%,

- antinutritional factors (mustard oil, eruic acid, tannic acid),

- 00 or 000 types.

Dilution of Energy DensityDilution of Energy Density

WHEAT BRAN- CP: 16%,

- CF: 10-12%,

- ME: 10.0 MJ/kg,

- pullet diet.

Dilution of Energy DensityDilution of Energy Density

ALFALFA MEAL- CP: 20%,

- CF: 25%,

- ME: 7 MJ/kg,

- pullet diet.