Potential Using of Renewable Energy in Telecommunication Stations
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Transcript of Potential Using of Renewable Energy in Telecommunication Stations
Potential Using of Renewable Energy in Telecommunication Stations
Maria de Fátima N.C. Rosolem - CPqDGlauco Ribeiro dos Santos - CPqD
Luiz Antonio Soares - CPqD Luiz Eduardo Ferreira Dias Junior - CPqD
Pamela Tobias Frare - CPqDRaul Fernando Beck - CPqD Vitor Torquato Arioli - CPqD
Increasing in Telecommunications Demand
Indicators of Brasil Telecom (Acces-million)
•Mobile phone: 157,5
•Fixed: 41,7
•Broadband: 10,4
•Cable TV: 6,6
Climatic Changes
Renewable Energy
•Solar Photovoltaic (PV)
•Wind Energy
•Storage Systems - Fuel Cell
Solar Photovoltaic (PV)
Solar Photovoltaic (PV)
Projeto Data Center - Affordable Internet Services Online Inc.
Technology Pros and Cons
•Clean Energy
•Silent
•“Free” and Infinite
•Modular
•Well suitable for stand
alone applications
•Low maintenance costs
•Long lifetime
•Simple operations
•High cost
•Low efficiency
•Efficiency Degradation
•Storage systems
•Operating conditions
(poor light conditions)
•Temperature sensibility
•Low power density
Wind
Technology Pros and Cons
•Clean Energy
•Easy to manufacture
•Suitable for
• Large applications
• Stand alone systems
• Connected with the grid
•Competitive Price
•Huge unexplored
potential
•Noise and visual
pollution
•Competitive Price
•Low capacity factor
•Operating conditions
(seasons and wind
speed dependence)
•Heavy Infrastructure to
install
Fuel Cell
HeatyElectricitOHOH 222
Available Technologies
Fuel Cell Technology
Temperature range (ºC)
Fuel Market Availability
AFC 50 - 200 H2 (pure)
O2 (pure)
Commercial (??)
PEMFC 60 - 80 H2 (99,95%)
O2 (from air)
Commercial (Stationary)
PAFC 100 - 200 H2
NG
Commercial
MCFC 600 - 750 NGH2
Pre - commercial
SOFC 800 - 1000 NGH2
Pre - commercial
DMFC 60 - 80 Methanol Under development
Stationary application - Telecom
• Electrochemical device – DC
supplier;
• It is a suitable solutions in extreme
conditions;
• It helps in a low carbon footprint;
• It is a interesting solution more,
not is the BEST solution. It is better
when used combined with other
energy sources (batteries, PV and
wind)
Technologies Pros and Cons
• Run time
• Environment
temperature resistance
range (- 25 º to 45 º C)
• Silent
• Clean Energy
• Life time
• Low Maintenance
• No recharge time
• Remote control
• Start up
• High cost
• Poor field database
• Hydrogen cost
• Refueling
• Standards and codes
Hybrid Systems
Hybrid System PV - Wind - Diesel - São Tomé - Brazil
Average Prices (U$/Kw)
•Fuel cell – U$ 3,000/Kw
•Solar Photovoltaic – U$ 400 – 1,000/Kw
•Wind Energy – U$ 0,11 – 0,22 /Kwh *
* Last prices in Brazil
Conclusions
•Today the people are more consciences about the environments
•In Brazil the using the renewable energy in telecommunications
companies is small
•This type the energy is expensive, it is necessary the incentive
programs
*
Maria de Fátima N. C. [email protected] 19 3705-7124