Potential contribution of Tübingen to the WFI onboard ATHENA
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WFI kick-off, 28.01.2014 MPE, Garching
Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Potential contribution of Tübingen to the WFI onboard ATHENAAndrea Santangelo, Chris Tenzer, E. PerinatiManami Sasaki, Thomas Schanz, D. Klochkov, ...
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Focus of the HEA Abteilung
High Energy Astrophysics: Exploration of the Universe in the energy range from X-rays to Ultra High Energies.
Space Based X-Gamma Ray Astrophysics
Analysis & InterpretationNeutron Stars, Black Holes, SNR, ISM...
Experimental Hardware, Mission Development, Simulations
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Focus and Heritage
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High energy astrophysics heritage
- 4 -
XMM-Newton: sequencer
INTEGRAL:HEPI Board for digital processing
Balloon & Rocket Experiments
From the 70S
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X-ray astronomy in Tübingen
eRosita
IXO
LOFT
ATHENA
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LOFT LAD module and panel BEE
LOFT WFM BEE
LOFT Back End Electronics
Up to the level of prototypes.
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Testing of detector prototypes
XEUS IXO DePFET Lab. eROSITA Framestore CCD Lab.
Sequencer to drive CCD operation and readout
Test of electronics component, Performance measurements:energy resolutionsplit event distributionnoise and offset stability as a function of temperature
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Simbol-X/IXO stacked detector
Developed and running: sequencer and event pre-processor with pattern recognition
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Ground Based TeV Astrophysics
Analysis & Interpretation: Binaries, PWNe, MW
Experimental: Mirror testing and control, Alignement System, Electronics, Tools for Data Analysis
Space-Based UHE Astrophysics
Analysis & Interpretation, (E2E simulations)
Experimental: Onboard electronics, Mission Developments, Simulations
Focus of the HEA Abteilung (2)
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TeV Astrophyics in Tübingen
H.E.S.S. I & IIMechanics and electronics for mirror control and alignement
Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA)FlashCam (Fully digital camera), and mirror control system
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JEM-EUSO Cluster Control Board (Trigger)
Development of a
Data Preprocessing Board for JEM-EUSO (UHECRs)hosting a Virtex-4 FPGA to allow:
- position finding with a fitting algorithm- trigger algorithms- SpaceWire Communication- usage of internal and external memory
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Proposed Activities on the WFI
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I Digital Electronics
Development of the Back-end electronics, to operate and read-out the WFI sensor, including an interface to the S/C via SpaceWire.
Including AIVT
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Sequencer/Event-Preprocessor
FPGA-based back-end electronics: • sequencer to drive the operation of the sensor in the different
observation modes, to control the readout and digitization • event-preprocessor to perform the necessary corrections
on the raw data.
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Frame Builder
FPGA-based Frame-Builder: it interfaces all the Cluster FPGAs and the S/C. Event patterns will be compared to a set of valid events and invalid events can be filtered. Valid event packets will be compressed and formatted for downlink.
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II Background studies
• Modelization of the L-2 radiation environment:- Cosmic ray fluxes (Protons, electrons and alpha particles…)- Solar and anomalous components (mainly protons from several
keV to 20 MeV, no geomagnetic shield, reflection from the SPO)
• GEANT4-based simulations for non X-ray background to optimize the design
• A key and new activity: validation with “real background data” from eROSITA (after 2015) and SREMs Particle Monitors
A good amount of work already done in the framework of the eROSITA and IXO studies:
(eROSITA) Perinati et al.,Exp. Astr.,2012 Tenzer et al., Proc. of SPIE, 2010 (IXO/WFI) Hauf et al.,Proc. of SPIE, 2012 (IXO/XMS) Lotti et al., NIMA,2012 Perinati et al., JLTP,2012
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III Soft Protons studies
• Soft protons focused onto the focal plane by the SPO might be an issue:
- Additional Particle Background (WFI/X-IFU)- Radiation damage? (WFI)
• To estimate the expected rate of soft protons on the ATHENA focal plane:
- tests of soft proton reflectivity from a sample of SPO at the Tübingen Van de Graaff accelerator
- implementation of a proton-tracing simulator for SPO
• Assessment of the Ionizing and Non ionizing energy loss (NIEL) at the Tübingen Van der Graaff accelerator (?)
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III Soft protons (2)
Facility for Soft proton irradiation and reflectivity measurements
3MV single ended Van-der-Graaf accelerator Ion types: p, H+2, d, D+2, 4He+, 12C+, 13C+, 16
A few 10s of keV – 2 MeV
On the right: Set-up for eRosita studies
current experiments: detector prototypes for LOFT & reflection of low-energy protons on X-ray mirrors
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• Dust environment at L2: - Debris free- Issue: interplanetary micrometeoroids (e. g. both pn and MOS
cameras on-board XMM were damaged by impacts)- Rescaling the collecting area: a few impacts per year in
ATHENA might be expected!
• Impact Risk mitigation: - the design of the optical/thermal filters may be optimized for
impact protection: 1) simulations in ESABASE2; 2) HVI tests on filters and detectors at IRS/MPIK and TUM accelerators
- HVI tests on SPO?
IV Hyper-Velocity Impacts (WFI and X-IFU)
S. Diebold et al., A setup for soft proton irradiation of X-ray detectors for future astronomical space missions, NIMA,721,65,2013S. Diebold et al., A facility for soft proton irradiation and instrument testing for future space missions, TNS(accepted)E. Perinati et al., Accelerator experiments with soft protons and hyper-velocity dust particles: application to ongoing projects of future x-ray missions, Proc. of SPIE, 8443,8443-O0,2012
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HVI tests
Set-up for the eRosita filters for HVI tests
Facility In München up to 10 km/s and 10-100 microns (Silicates)
Facility In Heidelberg up to km/s and microns (Iron, silicates, Olivines)
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Summary
• Hardware contributions Digital Electronics- Development of Cluster FPGA &ADC board(s)- Development of Frame-Builder hardware- Not excluded contribution to OBDH or Instrument control Unit
• Simulations:- Instrument background estimates- Optimization of detector housing and shielding- Contribution to End-to-End Performance Simulator (with ECAP)
• Other contributions:- Additional experimental activities (Proton irradiation and Hyper-
Velocity Impacts studies)- Participation to Science Data Center activities- Participation to AIT and calibration activities
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Key people involved
• Scientists: Andrea Santangelo, Chris Tenzer, Emanuele Perinati, Manami Sasaki, Dimitry Klochkov, Gerd Pühlhofer
• Engineers and Technicians: Thomas Schanz, Christoph Kalkhul, +2 Technicians Electronics Lab. + 3 Technicians Mechanical Workshop
• Several PHD and Diploma students
And of course with contribution from DLR!
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Thank you.Contact:
Andrea SantangeloAbteilung HochenergieastrophysikSand 1, 72076 Tübingen · GermanyPhone: +49 7071 [email protected]