Postgrad. 2013

الرحيم الرحمن الله الرحيم بسم الرحمن الله بسم

introductionintroduction

SLIDE

I. Ground II. Decalcified

CementumEnamel Dentin NOT presentDentin present

Tooth dev.(except late bell &root

formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth

CementumPulpDentinPDL , DGJ , ALV. Bone & shedding

Dentin bone Dentin MAY be present

bone

Ground section (enamel & dentin)

Ground section (cementum & dentin)

Ground section(reflected light)

Decalcified section (pulp)

Decalcified section (tooth, PDL & bone)

Decalcified section (e.g.tooth dev.)

principlesprinciples

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Incremental lines

I. Ground Section

Enamel tuft.

Enamel Spindle

Enamel Lamella

Hunter Schreger

Bands

D.E.J.

Reflected Light

L.S T.S T.S L.S T.S L.S T.S

A) Enamel Gnarled ,neonatal cross striation & surface

L.S T.S

Enamel histology

Ground section Decalcified section

the organic substance is burnt and the inorganic substance will remain

inorganic substance dissolve and the organic contents remain.

The dentino-enamel junction

Incremental lines of RetziusIncremental lines of Retzius

Incremental lines of Retzius

Enamel lamella

Enamel tuft

E. tuft E. spindle

Enamel spindleEnamel spindle

E. Spindle

HUNTER SCHREGER BANDSDark=(Diazone) light=(parazone)

Incremental lines

I. Ground Section

Enamel tuft.

Enamel Spindle

Enamel Lamella

Hunter Schreger

Bands

D.E.J.

Reflected Light

L.S T.S T.S L.S T.S L.S T.S

A) Enamel Gnarled ,neonatal cross striation & surface

L.S T.S

Gnarled Enamel

http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/ohisto/Cards/tth/07_bb.html

Neonatal lineNeonatal line

GnarleGnarled d

enameenamell D.E.JD.E.J

Neonatal lineNeonatal line

33--Neonatal Neonatal lineline

PRENATAL ENAMEL

POSTNATAL ENAMEL

POSTNATAL ENAMEL

PRENATAL ENAMEL

Surface structureSurface structure1.1. Perikymata:Perikymata:

ASG

E. rod end

perikymata

perikymata

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Of the crown (mostly)

B) Dentin

Of the root

1. Tome's granular layer1. Interglobular

D. spaces

T.S. Dentinal Tubules G.S)

L.S. Dentinal Tubules+ 2ry curvature

2ry dentin (line of demarkation)

1. Dead tract

2- sclerotic dentin3- reparative dentin

Incremental lines

Dentinal tubules

L.S IN Dentinal tubules

L.S. in dentinal tubules (2ry curvature)

L.S in L.S in D.T.(2ry D.T.(2ry

curvaturecurvature))

decalcified sectiondecalcified sectionSe

c.

curv

atur

es

Terminal branches

T.S. IN D.T.

B= INTERTUBULAR DENTIN

C= DENTINAL LUMEN

A=PERITUBULAR DENTIN

Intertubular D

Peritubular D

T.S in D.T

intertubular dentin

peritubular dentinOdontoblastic process

D.T. (PeriOdontoblastic space)

T.S. IN D.T.

intertubular DENTINE

Incremental lines of dentineIncremental lines of dentine 1-Incremental lines 1-Incremental lines

of von Ebnerof von Ebner

2- contour line of 2- contour line of OwenOwen

22--Contour line of Contour line of OwenOwen . .

Incremental lines of von Ebner

N.B. the horizontal lines are LS in D.T.pulp

Contour line of OwenContour line of Owen . .

Incremental lines of dentin (Owen)

Dead tractsDead tracts

ScleroticSclerotic dentindentin

ReperativeReperative debntindebntin

Dead tractDead tract

Sclerotic Sclerotic dentindentin

Primaryphysiological

dentin

Regular secondarydentin

Reparative dentin

Dead tracts

Reparative Reparative dentindentin

OdontoblastsOdontoblasts


dentin

Regular Secondarydentin

Secondary dentinSecondary dentin

Line of demarcation bet 1ry and 2ry Dentin.


dentin

Secondarydentin

Secondary DentineSecondary Dentine

Odontoblasts

Predentine

Globule of calcification

Of the crown (mostly)

B) Dentin

Of the root

1. Tome's granular layer1. Interglobular

D. spaces

T.S. Dentinal Tubules G.S)

L.S. Dentinal Tubules

2ry dentin (line of demarkation)

1. Dead tract

2- sclerotic dentin3- reparative dentin

Incremental lines

Tomes’ granular layer

INTERGLOBULAR D. SPACES

INTERGLOBULAR D. SPACE

Interglobular D. spaces

interglobular dentine spaces

Interglobular dentinInterglobular dentin

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Acellular

C) Cementum

Cellular

Sharpey's fiber spaces

Incremental lines of salter

T.S

L.S

Cementocytes spaces (Lacunae)

Hypercementosis

Cellular cementum

Acellular cementum

SHRPEY’S FIBER SPACE

Sharpey’s fiber space

Acellular cementum

Tomes’ granular layer

INC LINES OF SALTERIn ACELLULAR C.

Incremental Lines Of Incremental Lines Of SalterSalter

In acellular C

In cellular C

Lacuna of cementocyte


L.S. in DT

Acellular cementum Cellular cementum

Acellular cementum

ODONTOBLAST

predentin

ACELLULAR CEMENTUM

ODONTOBLAST

Cellular CementumCellular CementumLacunae of

cementocytes

PDL sideDentin

side

Cementocytes

Incremental lines of Salter

Age Changes Of Age Changes Of CementumCementum

D D

Localised Hypercementosi

s (excementosis)

1 -Hypercementosis.

Generalized Hypercementosis

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

HAVERSIAN & HAVERSIAN & OSTEOCYTEOSTEOCYTE

SPACESSPACES(ground section)(ground section)

Compact bone

LACUNAE AND LACUNAE AND CANALICULICANALICULI

GROUND SECTION

GROUND SECTION

Haversian canal

Lacuna of osteocyte

Haversian system

Volkmann’s canal

Volkmann`s canal

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Odontoblastic layer

Cell free zone

Pulp core (Blood vessel)

[c] Pulp

Pulp in situ.

Denticle (Pulp

stone)

Cell rich zone

Detached Pulp (Pointer on same items) ????

lymph vessel???

Pulp in situ

Free denticle (false)BLOOD VESSEL (PULP CORE

PREDENTIN

CELL FREE Z.CELL RICH Z. ODONTOBLAST

Blood vessel

fibroblast

Lymph vesselLymph vessel

Free denticle dentin

True pulp stone

False pulp stone

False pulp stone (free)

FreeFree

AttachedAttached

Attached denticle (false)Attached denticle (false)

FreeFree

AttachedAttached

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Fibers (groups)

A) Dentin present (continued)

Gingival group

(2) Around tooth

[a] PDL

cementicle

Alveodental group Transseptal (interdental) group

Alveolar crest group (fibers)

Horizontal group (fibers)

Oblique group (fibers)

Interradicular group (fibers)

apical group (fibers)

Interstitial tissue

Malassez Sharpey’s

Dentin (1) & C.T. or Dentin (1) & C.T. or triangletriangle

GINGIVAL GROUP

22 Dentin Dentin (separated) & C.T. (separated) & C.T.

&/or BONE&/or BONE

Dentin (CONNECTED & Dentin (CONNECTED & SURROUND BONE)SURROUND BONE)

Interradicular fibers

N.BN.B..

OBLIQUE GROUP

((BONE SURROUNDS DENTINBONE SURROUNDS DENTIN ) )

Apical fibers

طرقةطرقة((BONE & DENTINBONE & DENTIN ) )

Alv. crest fibers

Horizontal fibers

Oblique fibers

TRANSSEPTAL GROUP

HORIZONTAL GROUP

Fibers (groups)


Gingival group

(2) Around tooth

[a] PDL

cementicle







Interstitial tissue


INTERSTITIAL TISSUE

Fibers (groups)


Gingival group

(2) Around tooth

[a] PDL

cementicle







Interstitial tissue


Epithelial Rests

dentine

bone

Epith. Rests of Malassez

free cementicle

Fibers (groups)


Gingival group

(2) Around tooth

[a] PDL

cementicle







Interstitial tissue


Sharpey’s Fibers

PDL FIBER )Sharpey’s fiber(

osteocyte

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Attachment epithelium

sulcular epithelium

Dento-gingival junctionDento-gingival junction

Gingiva

Gingival LigamentGingival LigamentA= circular fibers

B= dentogingival fibers

C= dentoperiosteal fibers

D= alveologingival fibers

dentogingival

dentoperiostealAlveolar crest!!

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Odontoclasts

D

P

PDL

odontoclasts

Howships lacuna

shedding

odontoclasts

Howships lacuna

A

Arrow: Howships lacuna

A: odontoclast

location: shedding

1: arrow 2: (A) 3: location

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Alv bone proper

Zucker Kandle & Hirschfeld canal

Alv bone proper

11 – – Alveolar Bone ProperAlveolar Bone Proper

Cribriform plate

Zuckerkandl & Hirschfeild canals

☻Perforated with multiple foramina (so, called cribriform plate)

No dentine =No Zucker kandle & hirschfeld canal

Dr Rania MossadDr Rania Mossad

BundleBundle boneboneZucker Kandle & Hirschfeld canal

Bundle bone

A:Bundle bone / B: alveolar bone proper

A

B

Bundle boneBundle bone

Resting linesResting lines

bundle bone of Alv. bone proper

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

(Pointer(Pointeron an item)on an item)

Dentin MAY be presentDentin MAY be present

No pointerNo pointer(Pointer on an area)(Pointer on an area)

BoneBone

Compact

Spongy

IN COMPACT

Haversian canal

Osteocyte

IN COMP. OR SPONG.

Resting Line

Reversal Line

IN SPONGY

Bone trabecula

Marrow cavity

OsteocyteVolkmann’s canal

cells:(osteoblast, clast& cyte&fibroblast)

Compact bone

(Cancellous, tubercular)(Cancellous, tubercular)


Spongy boneSpongy bone

Spongy bone

Compact bone

Spongy bone




BoneBone

Compact

Spongy

IN COMPACT

Haversian canal

Osteocyte

IN COMP. OR SPONG.

Resting Line

Reversal Line

IN SPONGY

Bone trabecula

Marrow cavity


HAVERSIAN & HAVERSIAN & OSTEOCYTEOSTEOCYTE

SPACESSPACES

osteocyte

Haversian canal

Haversian canal

osteocyte

Volkmann’s canal

Do not forgetDo not forget::

Dentine may be presentDentine may be present

Haversian canal

Lacuna of osteocyte

Haversian system

Volkmann’s canal

Volkmann`s canal

((trabeculae & trabeculae & marrow cavitiesmarrow cavities))

osteocyte in Bone trabecula

Marrow cavity

Bone trabecula

Marrow cavity

Marrow Marrow spacesspaces

osteocyteosteocyte

osteoblasosteoblastt

Resting line Resting line

Reversal lineReversal line

Reversal line

Resting line

Reversal lines

Resting lines

Reversal lines

INCREMENTAL LINESINCREMENTAL LINES

2-REVERSAL LINE1-RESTING LINES

Resting lines Resting lines Reversal lines Reversal lines





BoneBone

Compact

Spongy

IN COMPACT

Haversian canal

Osteocyte

IN COMP. OR SPONG.

Resting Line

Reversal Line

IN SPONGY

Bone trabecula

Marrow cavity


cells:(osteoblast, clast& cyte&fibroblast)

Osteoclasts

2.2. OsteoblastsOsteoblasts


4.4. OsteoclastsOsteoclasts


*They are surrounded by bone

matrix, whether mineralized

or not.

fibroblast

Osteoclast

Osteoblast

Howships lacuna osteoclast

PDL FIBER )Sharpey’s fiber(

osteocyte

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Embryology

Meckel’s cartilage

Palatal shelves

Fused with N. septum

Not Fused with N. septum

Developing mandible


Developing mandible

tongue

Line of fusion between palatal

shelvespalatal shelfs

Meckel’s cartilageDeveloping mandible

tongue

Palatal shelf


Lingual NerveInferior Dental Nerve

Mechel’s cartilage

LB

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

A: condylar headB: articular eminence

C: glenoid fossaD:Articular disk

E: upper compartment

F: lower compartment

G: lateral pterygoid

TMJArticular disc

Mandibular condyle

Articular eminence

Articular disc

Mandibular condyle

TMJTMJ

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

ADentin NOT present(1) Tooth development

Dental lamina

Bud stage

Cap stage

Early bell stage

Late bell stage

Root formation

* Dental organ

* Dental lamina

* Inner

* Outer

* Stellate

* D. papilla

* D. sac

* Dental lamina

* Cervical loop

* Stratum

* Inner

* Outer

* Stellate

* D. papilla

* D. sac

* D.lamina

* Ameloblast

* Epith. diaphragm

* D. papilla

* Od. blast

* Predentin

* Dentin

* E.space!!* E. matrix

* Epith. diaphragm

* Cervical loop

Tongue

Palate

Dental lamina

Dental lamina

MAIN D. LAMINA

LATERAL D. LAMINA

2- BUD-STAGE.

ECTOMESENCHYMAL CLUMPING (condensation)

D. ORGAN(BUD)

(BUD STAGE)

(CAP STAGE)

Enamel cord

Enamel knot

N.B.(E.cord may be in early bell stage N.B.(E.cord may be in early bell stage also)also)

(cap stage)

Cell free zone

Stellate reticulum

Outer dental epithelium

Inner dental epithelium

Dental papilla

Dental sac

Early bell stageEarly bell stage

A-Deciduous tooth germ

Cervical Loop

Inner dental epithelium

Outer dental epithelium

Lateral dental lamina & Lateral dental lamina & successional dental laminasuccessional dental lamina

N.B.(E.cord may be in early bell stage N.B.(E.cord may be in early bell stage also)also)

Enamel cord

Lateral dental lamina

Enamel niche

SUCCESSIONAL LAMINA

Dental sac

Cervical loop

EARLY BELL STAGE

1- STELLATE RETICULUM

2- OUTER D. EPITH.

3- INNER D. EPITH.

4- D. SAC

5- D. PAPILLA

6- CERVICAL LOOP

STRATUM INTERMEDIUM

STRATUM INTERMEDIUM

1- STELLATE RETICULUM

2- OUTER D. EPITH.

3- INNER D. EPITH.

4- STRATUM INTERMEDIUM

5- ODONTOBLAST

Advanced Bell Stage

Advanced Bell StageAdvanced Bell Stage

Lateral dental lamina

Successional lamina

Main dental lamina

Vestibular lamina

Dental lamina

dentin

Ameloblasts

Stratum intermedium


Dental lamina

Bud stage

Cap stage

Early bell stage

Late bell stage

Root formation

* Dental organ

* Dental lamina

* Inner

* Outer

* Stellate

* D. papilla

* D. sac

* Dental lamina

* Cervical loop

* Stratum

* Inner

* Outer

* Stellate

* D. papilla

* D. sac

* D.lamina

* Ameloblast

* Epith. diaphragm

* D. papilla

* Od. blast

* Predentin

* Dentin

* E. space

* E.matrix

* Epith. diaphragm

* Cervical loop

1- D. PAPILLA

2- ODONTOBLASTS

3- PREDENTIN.4- DENTIN

5- E. MATRIX

6- AMELOBLAST

**(E.SPACE MUST BE AFTER DENTIN)

E. Space is number . . . . ?

E. Space is number

4.5 !

7-stratum intermed

E. spaceE. space

ADVANCED BELL SATGE ADVANCED BELL SATGE Histological structure of the tooth germHistological structure of the tooth germ

ENAMEL

DENTIN

PREDENTIN

OUTER DENTAL EPITHELIUM

CAPILLARY LOOP

SR

AB

SI

Odontoblast


Dental lamina

Bud stage

Cap stage

Early bell stage

Late bell stage

Root formation

* Dental organ

* Dental lamina

* Inner

* Outer

* Stellate

* D. papilla

* D. sac

* Dental lamina

* Cervical loop

* Stratum

* Inner

* Outer

* Stellate

* D. papilla

* D. sac

* D.lamina

* Ameloblast

* Epith. diaphragm

* D. papilla

* Od. blast

* Predentin

* Dentin

* E. matrix

* E.space

* Epith. diaphragm

* Cervical loop

Epithelial Diaphragm

E = Epithelial diaphragm

EPITHELIAL EPITHELIAL DIAPHRAGM DIAPHRAGM

Histological structureHistological structure

OB

PD

D

DP

DS

ODE

SR

SI

AB

E.M

http://www.usc.edu/hsc/dental/ohisto/Cards/tdev/75_big.html


dentin

E. diaphragm

EPITHELIAL EPITHELIAL DIAPHRAGM DIAPHRAGM

Histological structureHistological structure

OB

PD

D

DP

DS

ODE

SR

SI

AB

E.M



Epithelial Diaphragm

Epithelial diaphragm

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

sinus

Tooth Around tooth



bone

Striated Excretory

Dentin NOT present Dentin NOT present (cont.)(cont.)

③SalivarySalivary

No pointer

1. Pure Serous

Pointer

2. Pure mucous

3- mixed

4- mix pred serous

5-Mixed Predominately Mucous

1. Acinus

2. Demilune of Von Ebner

3. Ducts

Mixed salivary G. Pure serous S.G.

Pure mucous S.G.

05/01/2305/01/23 288288

Pure mucous gland

05/01/2305/01/23 291291

Serous gland

Pure serous gland

05/01/2305/01/23 293293

Mucous gland

05/01/2305/01/23 294294

Mixed salivary glandFibrous septum

05/01/2305/01/23 296296

05/01/2305/01/23 297297

Serous cap over mucous tubule

serous

Mucous

== mixed s. gland

Mucous terminal portion

== Pure mucous

Serous acinus

== mixed predominantly serous s. gland

Mucous salivary gland

== mixed s. gland

Mixed predominantly Mixed predominantly serousserous

Mixed pred. mucous(note the demilunes )

Mixed predominantly Mixed predominantly serousserous

N.B: FAT CELL MAY BE N.B: FAT CELL MAY BE PRESENT IN SALIVARY GLANDSPRESENT IN SALIVARY GLANDS

Striated Excretory


③SalivarySalivary

No pointer

1. Pure Serous

Pointer

2. Pure mucous

3- mixed

4- mix pred serous

5-Mixed Predominately Mucous

1. Acinus

2. Demi Lune of Von Ebner

3. Ducts

Demilune of von Ebner

Serous cap over mucous blind end

Striated duct

Exc duct

Striated duct

Excretory duct

Exc ducts

Exc duct

Striated duct

Striated duct(B)

Exc duct

intercalated duct

Mixed predominantly serous eg: Mixed predominantly serous eg: submandibularsubmandibular

1- tissue2- example

11 - -tissuetissue2- lining cells2- lining cells

3-arrow3-arrow

Excretory duct—pseudostratified columnar epith with goblet cells

Goblet cell

A: mucous terminal portion in mixed acinus

A

1- A

05/01/2305/01/23 325325

Intercalated duct

05/01/2305/01/23 326326

Myoepithelial cells

SLIDE




formation.)

Embryology.

Mucous memb.

Salivary.

TMJ.

Sinus (resp. mucosa)

Tooth Around tooth



bone


I -I - Covering Mucosa Covering Mucosa Mucous MembraneMucous Membrane

Skin side of the lip

Lining mucosa

Hard Palate Gingiva orthokeratinized parakeratinizedRespiratory

mucosa

Resp. mucosa (pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells..e.g.

max. sinus)

Goblet cellcilia

Goblet cell

Nasal sideNasal side Respiratory epithelium


I -I - Covering Mucosa Covering Mucosa Mucous MembraneMucous Membrane


Lining mucosa

Hard Palate Gingiva orthokeratinized parakeratinizedRespiratory

mucosa

Hair follicle

Sebaceous gland

Sweat gland

Hair follidle

The LipThe Lip

Skin SideSkin Side

Vermilion zoneVermilion zone

Mucous Mucous MembraneMembrane

sideside

Sebaceous glands

salivary glands

epidermis( stratum lucidum)

eleidinSeat & sebaseous

glands

thick nonkeratinized st. sq. epitheliumdense collagen f.

minor salivary glands

Thin epith, thin keratin layer,high C.T. papillae, many b.v.

(occasional Fordyce spots)

Vermilion border 1

Vermilion border 2Vermilion border 2

Hair follicleHair follicle

VermiliVermilion on border border 33

Hard palate (glandular zone)

Mucous glands (palatine glands)

Keratin layer

Adipose tissue

Hard palate (glandular zone)

Mucous glands (palatine glands)

Adipose tissue

Hard palate (fatty and glandular zones)

Gingiva

GingivaGingiva

Parakeratin (containing nuclei)

Gingiva

orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Parakeratin

Parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Lining mucosa

Lining mucosa ( non k epith)

orthoorthokeratinized keratinized paraparakeratinizedkeratinized

nonkeratinocyte

Prickle cell layer

A: basal cell layer B: prickle cell layer

C.T. papillaC.T. papillaRete pegRete peg

Lamina propria Lamina propria (reticular layer)(reticular layer)

Lining mucosa ( e.g. floor of the mouth)

1- tissue2- example


ITongue PapillaeTongue Papillae

Filiform Circumvallatefungiform Foliate

Tongue papillae

1 -Filliform pap. 2 -Fungiform pap.

4 -Folliate pap.3 -Circumvallate pap.

Filiform papillae

Gingiva (if no pointer + no dentine)(if no pointer+ dentine present=ging.&D.G.J

Fungiform papilla

Fungiform papillae

Taste bud

11 - -structurestructure2- location2- location

11 - -structure: fungiformstructure: fungiform2- location: dorsal surface of ant. 2/3 2- location: dorsal surface of ant. 2/3 of tongueof tongue

Fungiform papilla

secondary papilla

Fungiform papilla

filiform

fungiform

foliate

Secondary papilla

Taste bud in foliate

Circumvallate papilla

Circumvallate papilla ( t. bud)

von Ebner S. G.

Taste bud (in circumvallate)

Von Ebner S.gland

foliateCircumvallate

von Ebner S. G.

furrow

von Ebner S. G.

11 - -arrow (taste bud)arrow (taste bud)2- location (eg: fungiform 2- location (eg: fungiform

papilla)papilla)

Taste bud

Taste pore

Keratenized and non-keratenized Keratenized and non-keratenized mucosamucosa

Keratenized mucosaNon-keratenized mucosa

Orthokeratin

Parakeratin

Types of KeratinizationTypes of Keratinization orthoorthokeratinized or keratinized or paraparakeratinizedkeratinized

Hard Palate

Lining mucosa

The LipThe Lip

Skin SideSkin Side

Vermilion zoneVermilion zone

Mucous Mucous MembraneMembrane

sideside

Sebaceous glands

salivary glands

epidermisHair follicles,

Sweat & sebaseous glands

thick nonkeratinized st. sq. epitheliumdense collagen f.

minor salivary glands

Thin epith, thin keratin layer,high C.T. papillae, many b.v.

(occasional Fordyce spots)

LipLipVermilion border

Mucous side

Skin side

Soft palate

Soft palateSoft palate Oral side

Postgrad. 2013

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